Objective To analyze the shortcomings and explore measures in medical nursing to improve quality. Methods The students were divided into experimental group (29 students) and control group (28 students). For the former group, we put a set of new teaching methods, including enhancing students theoretical knowledge and teachers had to prepare well, helping students learn to use the nursing process, sorting out the characteristics and contacting different diseases. After clinical clerkship, we conducted students to follow the case in order to learn more .The latter group received traditional teaching methods. Results The application part and total scores in examination of experimental group were higher than the traditional group (P<0.05). Conclusion The new teaching measures may improve students' learning initiative, communication skills, and develop their clinical thinking.

Objective To preliminarily test the value of gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERD-Q) in auxiliary diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) in infants and young children.Methods From January 2011 to February 2014,148 infants and 87 young children with suspected GERD symptoms were enrolled in the outpatient and inpatient departments of Wuhan Women and Children's Medical Care Center.The diagnosis of GERD were made through 24 h esophageal pH monitoring and upper gastrointestinal hysterosalpingography.Those with any examinations being positive were brought into GERD group,and the others into the control group.All cases had been surveyed with GERD-Q.Using SPSS17.0 statistical software,the ratio was compared with chi-square test,and the difference of the scores between groups with t test.Results In infants (1 to 11 months),the individual symptom scores (ISS) of the 6 symptoms in the GERD group (n =111) were all higher than those in the control group (37 cases) (P ＜ 0.05),and the composite and symptom scores (CSS) [(131.43 ± 66.56) scores] in the GERD group was higher than that [(33.70 ± 40.03) scores] in the control group (t =8.42,P ＜ 0.05).In young children (1 to 3 years old),the ISS in the GERD group(55 cases) were all higher than those in the control group(32 cases),and the CSS[(98.58 ± 66.75) scores] in the GERD group was also higher than that [(28.50 ± 35.95) scores] in the control group(t =5.49,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions There is a good correlation for age-specific GERD-Q to distinguish GERD symptoms in infants and young children,which is suitable for the assessment of GERD.

Medical research has entered the era of mega-science.The multidisciplinary collaboration has attracted great attention.besides studies on genes and the environment interaction,multidisciplinary research between natural sciences has received widespread recognition.However muhidisciplinary researches on the interaction between the gene and social factors or behavioral factors on health science deserve more emphasis.This article described development of multidisciplinary research and its features;analyzed importants of conducting multidisciplinary research between natural and social disciplines,and finally provided suggestions on research organization reform in order to promote the multidisciplinary research.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of the extracts of Paederia scandens (EPS) on acute gouty arthritis induced by monosodium urate in rats. METHODS: Monosodium urate crystals were used to establish gouty arthritis model in rats, with ankle joints' swelling degree at different time after modeling measured using paw volume measuring meter and gaits of rats scored at 24h after modeling. Pathological changes of articular tissues of rats were observed with HE staining and TNF-? and IL-1? levels were monitored by Radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:EPS could significantly inhibit joint swelling of rats and improve the gaits; histopathologically, EPS could abate tissue swelling of ankle joints, reduce inflammatory cell infiltration of articlar tissues and improve the pathological changes of synovial membranes. Radiommunoassay revealed that EPS could reduce levels of TNF-? and IL-1? in rats' synovial membranes. CONCLUSION:EPS have remarkable efficacy in improving symptoms of acute gouty arthritis induced by monosodium urate crystals in rats, which might be related to its inhibition on levels of IL-1? and TNF-?.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of breast MRI in patients presenting with microcalcifications on mammography.Methods Eight four patients were retrospectively analyzed,who had mammographically detected BI-RADS (breast imaging reporting and data system) 3 to 5 microcalcifications and underwent breast MRI before surgical biopsy.All mammography and MR images were reviewed with BI-RADS.With histopathological diagnosis as golden standard,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the two methods were calculated and compared with x2 test or Fisher exact test.The diagnostic efficacy of the two methods was compared with ROC curve.Results Pathologic examination revealed 91 lesions in 84 patients including 49 benign lesions and 42 malignant lesions.For 21 lesions of category 3 microcalcifications,the specificity of mammography and MR was 100.0％ (21/21) and 95.2％ (20/21),which had no significant difference (P=1.000).For 51 lesious of category 4,sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of mammography were 100.0％(23/23),0 and 45.1％(23/51).The corresponding values for MR were 91.3％(21/23),82.1％ (23/28) and 86.3％ (44/51).The difference for specificity and accuracy between the two methods was statistical significant(x2 value was 30.030 and 19.182,respectively,with P＜0.01),but not for sensitivity(x2=0.523,P=0.470).Nineteen lesions of category 5 were all correctly diagnosed on mammography and MRI.For all the 91 lesions,the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of mammography were 100.0％(42/42),42.9％(21/49) and 69.2％(63/91),respectively.The corresponding values for MRI were 95.2 ％(40/42),87.8％(43/49) and 91.2％(83/91).There was significant difference for specificity and accuracy between the two methods (x2 value was 21.798 and 13.851,respectively,with P＜0.05),but not for sensitivity (x2=0.512,P=0.474).The areas under ROC curve for mammography and MR were 0.844,0.945(P＜0.01),for the estimation of the benign and the malignent.Conclusions Compared with mammography,breast MRI significantly improved the diagnosis of category 4 microcalcifications with increased specificity and accuracy.But for microcalcifications of category 3 and 5,MR didn't improve the diagnostic effect.

Objective To analyze the assessment results of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) External Quality Control Laboratories at all levels in Guizhou province and the network operation to further standardize and improve the laboratory, improve network performance, provide reliable laboratory quality assurance for epidemiological surveillance and control of IDD and reliable decision-making. Methods The results of different level of IDD labs in Guizhou that took part in the entire country's IDD lab exo-network quality control examination of 1999 - 2008, which organized by the nation iodine deficiency disorder reference lab were analyzed. Results In the past 10 years, except the provincial laboratory examination results of urinary iodine in 2000 was failed, the other results were all qualified in the rest 9 years;iodized salt examination results were qualified. The urinary iodine laboratory response rate of Guizhou provinces and municipalities(state, district), from 1999 to 2002, were 88.9%(8/9), 66.7%(6/9), 77.8%(7/9), 66.7%(6/9), respectively, and the rate was stable at 100% from 2003 to 2008. Qualifying rate reached 100% in 2007, the remaining 9 years were 33.0%(3/9) - 88.9%(8/9). The iodized salt laboratory response rates were 100%(9/9) in 2000 - 2008. The pass rates were 77.8%(7/9), 88.9%(8/9),77.8%(7/9) from 2001 to 2003, 88.9%(8/9) in 2007, and the remaining 5 years 100%. Response rate of iodized salt laboratory at the county level that participated in the External Quality Control were 66.7% (20/30), 90.0%(27/30), 80.0% (24/30), 96.7% (29/30) from 2000 to 2003, respectively, and 2006 was 96.7% (29/30), and the remaining four years were all 100% (30/30). The pass rates in 2000 - 2008 were between 53.3% (16/30) -93.3%(28/30). Conclusions The accuracy of test results of external quality controls and the normal operation of the network at all levels of laboratories is closely related to the IDD laboratory conditions, detection techniques, and the degree of attention of relevant departments and professional bodies.

Adult ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Occupational Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult

Objective:To determine the clinicopathological significance of the DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B)overexpression in endometrial carcinomas and to evaluate its correlation with hormone re-ceptor status.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of DNMT3B and hormone receptors in 104 endometrial carcinomas.Results:DNMT3B overexpression occurred frequently in endometrioid carcinoma (EC,54.8%)more than in nonendometrioid carcinoma (NEC,30.0%) with statistical significance (P =0.028).Furthermore,there was a trend that EC with worse clinico-pathological variables and shorter survival had a higher DNMT3B expression,and the correlation between DNMT3B and tumor grade reached statistical significance (P =0.019).A negative correlation between DNMT3B and estrogen receptor (ER)or progesterone receptor (PR)expression was found in EC. NMT3B overexpression occurred frequently in the ER or PR negative subgroups (78.9%,86.7%)more than in the positive subgroups (47.7%,47.8%)with statistical significance (P =0.016,P =0.006). In addition,the DNMT3B overexpression increased in tumors with both ER and PR negative expression (92.9%,P =0.002).However,no such correlation was found in NEC (P >0.05).Sequence analyses demonstrated multiple ER and PR binding sites in the promoter regions of DNMT3B gene.Conclusion:This study showed that the expression of DNMT3B in EC and NEC was different.DNMT3B overexpres-sion in EC was associated with the worse clinicopathological variables and might have predictive value. The methylation status of EC and NEC maybe different.In addition,in EC,DNMT3B overexpression negatively correlated with ER or PR expression.In NEC,the correlation between DNMT3B and ER or PR status was not present.

Objective To investigate the standardized treatment of 33 children with thalassemia and their family financial burden registered in Bao'an district, Shenzhen city, and to provide basic information for formulating health policy for the government. Methods In 2009, preliminary investigations on 39 registered families with thalassemia children were conducted by telephone, and a household survey was made to collect treatment and economic status by questionnaire on 33 children. Results Among 33 cases of thalassemia children, 21 cases(63.7%) were severe anemia, 5 cases( 15.1%) in need of care or special care, and 25 cases(75.8%) were difficult or unable to maintain standardized treatment. The average family monthly income and expenditure was (4060 ± 2002) and (4926 ± 2991) yuan, respectively. The average monthly treatment costs were (2665 ± 1872) yuan, and the average debt amounted to (64 600 ± 53 940) yuan. Fifteen families[60.0%(15/25)] would reduce the times of blood transfusions or iron transpirations when they encountered revenue deficiency. Conclusions The heavy economic burdens on families with children thalassemia result in inadequate or interrupted treatment on sick children and affect their survival and quality of life, which should be taken more attention and social care.

A laboratory scale combination process of anaerobic baffled reactor(ABR) with sequencing batch reactor(SBR) for treatment of real dyeing wastewater was studied.The effects of operational conditions were investigated.The results demonstrated that removal rates of COD,colour and aniline were 32%~95%,89%~99% and 50%~98%,respectively,the effluents of COD were 30.0 ~97.1mg/L,colour were 8 ~40 times dilution ratio,concentration of aniline were 0.20 ~0.95 mg/L,which could meet the National Discharge Criteria(GradeⅠ) under the operational conditions of HRTs of 24~36 h,organic loading rates of 0.43 ~2.46 kg COD/(m~(3)?d),the influent pH values of 6.5~8.0,ambient temperatures of 20℃~35℃ at the ABR stage and DOs of 2 mg/L,reaction times of 3~10h,settle times of 2 h at the SBR stage.