Objective To investigate the relation between the cellular immune function and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA) and the mechanism of active immunotherapy on URSA patients.Methods The flow cytometry(FCM) was used to detect CD3+ ,CD4+ ,CD8+ T lymphocyte and CD16+CD56+ natural killer(NK) cell subsets and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ of peripheral blood(PBL).112 cases with URSA(76 cases treated with active immunotherapy) and 30 cases of normal fertiled(NF) women were studied.The percentages of T lymphocyte and NK cell subsets before and after therapy were compared among 76 cases wtih URSA treated by active immunotherapy.The rate of next successful pregnancy of URSA patients treated with and without active immunotherapy was compared.Results The percentages of CD3+ and CD16+CD56+ cell subsets as well as the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ of the URSA patients were significantly higher than those of NF cases(P <0.05).After active immunotherapy,the percentages of CD3+ and CD56+CD16+ cell subsets as well as the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ of URSA cases were significantly decreased(P <0.05 ).The rate of next successful pregnancy of URSA cases with and without active immunotherapy were 88.2% and 31.2% respectively,the difference was significant(P< 0.05).Conclusion The changes in the percentages of T lympyocyte and NK cell subsets have something to do with URSA.Active immunotherapy can effectively regulate the cellular immune function and increase the rate of next successful pregnancy of URSA patients.

We predicted the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) active components and mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza based on network pharmacology. The active components of S. miltiorrhiza were obtained through TCMSP, PubChem database and literature research. The potential targets of the active components and HBV infection were predicted by SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards databases, respectively. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by String database. Cytoscape software was adopted to construct a visual network of active component-disease target and perform topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID platform. The molecular docking of key components and core targets was carried out by AutoDock Vina software. We screened out a total of 38 active components and 178 disease-component overlapping targets. Enrichment analyses obtained 405 related GO items and 68 signaling pathways, such as T/B cell receptor signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway. According to the results of molecular docking, most characteristic components of S. miltiorrhiza (miltionone Ⅱ, miltirone, protocatechuic acid, lithospermic acid, protocatechualdehyde) showed good affinity with the key targets (PIK3CA, APP, STAT3,AKT1 and mTOR). Furthermore, the anti-HBV activity of lithospermic acid, the representative active component of S. miltiorrhiza, and its regulation on PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways were investigated in an HBV replicating mouse model. Animal welfare and experimental procedures follow the regulations of the Animal Ethics and Welfare Committee of Hubei University. The results showed that lithospermic acid significantly inhibited HBV DNA replication, reduced serum HBsAg and HBeAg levels, and decreased the phosphorylation protein expression levels of AKT and mTOR in liver, indicating that lithospermic acid might exert the anti-HBV activity by regulating PI3K/AKT and mTOR signaling pathways.

Seven compounds were isolated from Onychium japonicum by macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by NMR, MS and other spectroscopic methods as onychone A (1), quercetin (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (3), kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), (-)-prunin (6), and norathyriol (7). Compound 1 is a novel macrocyclic flavonoid, and all the others are reported from this plant for the first time. In vitro cytotoxic activities of compounds 1-7 were evaluated by MTS testing with five cancer cell lines. Compound 7 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines A549, SMMC-7721, and SW480.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the predictive value of Holter ECG recordings for patients with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

METHODSHolter recordings was performed in 76 patients who were diagnosed OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) within one month from Jan. 2008 to July 2009 in our hospital. Twenty-eight patients were identified as mild OSAHS (AHI < or = 20) and forty-eight patients were moderate-to-severe OSAHS (AHI > 20). The indexes of heart rate variability (HRV), total scores of thirteen sleep apnea risk indexes of Holter recordings and BMI were analyzed by bivariate Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSClinical features (eg. Gender, age, complicated with hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and taken beta-blocker), total scores, the sum of thirteen sleep apnea risk scores collected by Holter recordings (5.64 + or - 2.33 vs. 6.42 + or - 2.22, respectively, P > 0.05) were similar between patients with mild OSAHS and moderate-to-severity OSAHS. VLF/Total Power > 70%, the difference of daytime/nighttime LF Power < -70 and BMI were independent predictors of moderate-to-severe OSAHS with OR 3.98 (1.087 - 14.596), 3.69 (1.106 - 12.285) and 1.28 (1.062 - 1.544), respectively (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSVLF/Total Power and the difference of daytime/nighttime LF Power and BMI could be used as screening parameters to recognize patients with moderate-to-severe OSAHS.

Aged ; Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Vulvar Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

The present study aims to explore the possible mechanisms that trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylases inhibitor (HDACi), affects the inflammatory signaling pathways of lipopolysaccharide/toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (LPS/TLR4/NF-κB). Murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells were employed. MTT assay was used to assess cell viability. The contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in culture supernatant were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TLR4 expression and NF-κB/p65 (Lys310) acetylation were examined by Western blotting. DNA binding activity of NF-κB/p65 was detected by using TransAM(TM) NF-κB/p65 activity assay kit. The results showed that, compared with control group, which was treated by DMSO, the cells treated with TSA (20, 40, 80 ng/mL) showed decreased percentages of cell survival (P < 0.05). The contents of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in culture supernatant were all increased by LPS (100 ng/mL), whereas reduced by 40 ng/mL TSA pretreatment (P < 0.05). TSA pretreatment inhibited LPS-induced up-regulation of TLR4 protein expression. Acetylation of NF-κB/p65(Lys310), which was already increased by LPS, was further enhanced by TSA (P < 0.05). On the contrary, LPS-increased DNA binding activity of NF-κB/p65 was decreased by pretreatment with TSA (P < 0.05). The results suggest that TSA-induced anti-inflammation may be attributed to decreases in the expression of TLR4 and DNA binding activity of NF-κB/p65.
Acetylation ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; Signal Transduction ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Transcription Factor RelA ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and the clinical value of external use of jiuyi Powder (JP) in treating plasma cell mastitis using partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA).

METHODSTotally 50 patients with plasma cell mastitis treated by external use of JP were observed and biochemical examinations of blood and urine detected before application, at day 4 after application, at day 1 and 14 after discontinuation. Blood mercury and urinary mercury were detected before application, at day 1, 4, and 7 after application, at day 1 and 14 after discontinuation. Urinary mercury was also detected at 28 after discontinuation and 3 months after discontinuation. The information of wound, days of external application and the total dosage of external application were recorded before application, at day 1, 4, and 7 after application, as well as at day 1 after discontinuation. Then a discriminant model covering potential safety factors was set up by PLSDA after screening safety indices with important effects. The applicability of the model was assessed using area under ROC curve. Potential safety factors were assessed using variable importance in the projection (VIP).

RESULTSUrinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), 24 h urinary protein, and urinary α1-microglobulin (α1-MG) were greatly affected by external use of JP in treating plasma cell mastitis. The accuracy rate of PLSDA discriminate model was 74. 00%. The sensitivity, specificity, and the area under ROC curve was 0. 7826, 0. 7037, and 0. 8084, respectively. Three factors with greater effect on the potential safety were screened as follows: pre-application volume of the sore cavity, days of external application, and the total dosage of external application.

CONCLUSIONSPLSDA method could be used in analyzing bioinformation of clinical Chinese medicine. Urinary β2-MG and urinary NAG were two main safety monitoring indices. Days of external application and the total dosage of external application were main factors influencing blood mercury and urine mercury. A safety classification simulation model of treating plasma cell mastitis by external therapy of JP was established by the two factors, which could be used to assess the safety of external application of JP to some extent.

Acetylglucosaminidase ; Alpha-Globulins ; Discriminant Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Mastitis ; drug therapy ; Plasma Cells ; ROC Curve ; Safety

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical and laboratory factors associated aspirin response, and the association between gastrointestinal bleeding and aspirin response in aged patients.

METHODSA total of 136 patients aged 60 and over [mean age (74.9 ± 7.0) years] with ischemic heart disease and at high risk for ischemic heart disease were included. Arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation (AA-Ag) was measured before and at 7(th) day after taking aspirin (100 mg/d). Patients were followed for 6 months and incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding was obtained.

RESULTSPost-treatment AA-Ag was significantly reduced compared to baseline (13.29% ± 5.52% vs. 73.20% ± 7.32%, P < 0.05). A heterogeneous distributed post-treatment AA-Ag was observed (range 0.42% to 30.50%). Post-treatment AA-Ag was positively correlated with baseline AA-Ag (r = 0.493, P < 0.01). The level of post-treatment AA-Ag was significantly higher in the fourth quartile group at baseline than in the others quartile groups at baseline. Patients aged 80 years and over had significantly lower post-treatment AA-Ag (10.25% ± 4.68%) compared with patients of 60 - 69 years (13.96% ± 5.20%) and of 70 - 79 years (13.73% ± 5.48%, all P < 0.01). The incidence of patients in the lowest quartile of post-treatment AA-Ag was significantly higher in patients ≥ 80 years (38.24%) than in patients of 60 - 69 years (11.1%) and of 70 - 79 years (24.0%). Multiple variable analysis revealed post-treatment AA-Ag was significantly influenced by baseline AA-Ag, ≥ 80 years old, diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome. We observed 4 (2.9%) mild gastrointestinal bleeding during follow up. Post-treatment AA-Ag was in the lowest quartile in 3 patients with mild gastrointestinal bleeding.

CONCLUSIONSIncreased baseline platelet reactivity as well as diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome are associated with low aspirin response in the aged patients. Aspirin response is significantly higher in very old patients.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arachidonic Acid ; Aspirin ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Artery Disease ; drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Platelet Function Tests ; Ticlopidine

OBJECTIVETo analyze and identify fatty acids in the seeds of Sterculia lychnophora.

METHODThe compositions was isolated and determined by GC-MS technique, and area normalization method was used to make quantitative analyze of the content of compositions.

RESULTS21 Fatty acids and 5 other compositions were isolated and determined.

CONCLUSIONThe major fatty acids are 9,12(Z,Z)-octadecadienoic acid(37.96%), hexadecanoic acid(24.77%), 9-(Z)-octadecenoic acid(19.77%) and octadecanoic acid(5.01%).

Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; analysis ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Palmitic Acid ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Sterculia ; chemistry