Objective To investigate the operative indication,timing,method,selective standards of fetieided fetus and the number of reduced fetuses of selective multifetal pregnancy reduction in second trimester,and the pregnancy outcome of multifetal pregnancy by this operation.Methods Trans-abdominal selective multifetal pregnancy reductions in 37 cases of multiple pregnancy (twins 6 cases,triplets 21cases, quadruplets 8 cases,and quintuplets 2 cases) during 12~(+1) -25 weeks were performed under ultrasound guidance.The fetus to be reduced was injected potassium chloride (KC1) intraeardiacally until the fetal heartbeat stopped gradually.Totally 46 fetuses were reduced.Periodic prenatal examination and monitoring of coagulation function were carried out after the procedure.The pregnancy complications and pregnancy outcome of all cases were recorded.Results (1) The successful ratio of reduction was 100% (46/46 fetuses) and the successful pregnancy ratio was 88.9% (24/27).(2) Among all the 37 cases,fifteen deliveried after 36 weeks,seven deliveried in 32-36 weeks,three deliveried in 28-32 weeks,two aborted after feticide,and ten cases were in pregnancy at the time of this study.The mean gestational age of all was (34.9?4.1) weeks,and the delivery ratio after 28 weeks was 92.6% (25/27).(3) The mean birth weight of singletons was (3014?640) g,and of twins was (2557?573) g.The neonates of three triplets all died except for in one case two fetuses were alive.(4) Except in two cases after reducing one fetus of monoamniotie twins,another one died within 24 hours,the remaining fetuses were all alive.(5) Pre- eclampsia occurred in three cases.None of the cases had blood coagulation disturbances.Conclusion (1) Selective muhifetal pregnancy reduction in second trimester can feticide the abnormal fetus objectively or reduce the fetal number effectively.It is a safe procedure to decrease the complications of multifetal pregnancy and increase the birth weight.(2) ff the intention is reducing the fetal number,we choose the fetus who lies in the fundus uteri and reduce the muhifetal pregnancy to twins.(3) It is advised to aviod performing the procedure during vaginal bleeding.We reduce fetus after vaginal bleeding stops for one or more weeks.(4) Selective second-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction will not result in the disturbance of blood coagulation and the death of remaining fetus.The incidence of pre-eclampsia is decreased after muhifetal pregnancy reduction.

Objective To establish a method for determining the contents of polyphyllin Ⅰ and polyphyllin Ⅱ in Kangkeling Mixture. Methods The contents of polyphyllin Ⅰ and Ⅱ were determined by HPLC gradient elution. Poroshell 120 Ec-C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 4 μm) was used; Acetonitrile-water (A:B) was set as the mobile phase; the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; the detection wavelength was 210 nm; column temperature was 30 ℃. Results Polyphyllin Ⅰ showed good linear relationship in the range of 1.009–10.09 μg (r=0.999 6), and the average recovery was 97.31% (RSD=2.05%, n=6). Polyphyllin Ⅱ showed good linear relationship in the range of 0.640 5–6.405 μg (r=0.999 8), and the average recovery was 96.41% (RSD=1.67%, n=6). Conclusion The method is simple, with good repeatability and accurate results, which can be used to determine the contents of polyphyllin Ⅰ and Ⅱ in Kangkeling Mixture.

Objective Take alkaline ashing method as golden standard to explore the accuracy of chloric acid digestion method in determination of human milk iodine. Methods Sixty one breast milk samples collected in Hexi district of Tianjin was measured by the method for determination of iodine in foodstuff by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (referred to as the alkaline ashing method) published in 2008 and the method for determination of iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry(referred to as acid digestion) published in 1999, respectively. were highly correlated(r = 0.960, t = 26.3, P < 0.01), and the regression equation was (Y) = - 28.1 + 0.808X, in which X was independent variable, that is the results of alkaline ashing method; (Y) was dependent variable, that is the estimated data of chloric acid digestion method. The average difference of the results measured by the two methods was 68.3 μg/L, and the results from chloric acid digestion was 38.9% which lower than that of alkaline samples were diluted by 3,4 and 5-fold and then digested by chloric acid, the liquid clarification rates were 80.3% ashing and chloric acid digestion method were, respectively, 165.4, 110.0 μg/L. Conclusions Compared with alkaline ashing method, the results determined by chloric acid digestion method are significantly lower. It is suggested that there are systemic errors in chloric acid digestion method, which means that alkaline ashing method can not be replaced by the chloric acid digestion method.

OBJECTIVETo investigate molecular epidemiologic features of rotavirus (RV) infection in infantile diarrhea in Hangzhou area.

METHODSStool specimens of 683 infants with suspected acute viral enteritis in the autumn and winter of 2001 - 2003 were collected. RV (group A) was detected by using latex agglutination test (LAT). VP7 serotype (G) positive specimens were detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and then the RNA of the virus was determined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). cDNA of VP7 gene fragment was sequenced by automatic gene analyzor (ABI3730) and compared with the RV VP7 gene sequences stored in Genebank.

RESULTSRV was detected in 297 of 683 (43.5%) specimens by LAT. The highest frequency of RV (group A) detected was 52.9% (228/431) in patients aged 7 - 18 months. The prevalent serotypes were G1 (36.7%, 109/297) and G3 (30.9%, 92/297), followed by mixed type (11.8%, 35/297), untyped (9.4%, 28/297), G4 (7.1%, 21/297) and G2 (4.0%, 12/297). The prevalent serotypes seen each year were different. G1 (54.9%, 45/82) was the major serotype in 2001 followed by G3 (14.6%, 12/82). In 2003, the major serotype was G3 (43.0%, 63/146) and followed by G1 (29.5%, 43/146). The reliability of ELISA was confirmed by RT-PCR, gene sequencing and homology analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe main prevalent serotypes of VP7 of rotavirus were G1 and G3. The dominant serotypes of rotavirus varied in Hangzhou area from 2001 to 2003.

Antigens, Viral ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Capsid Proteins ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; epidemiology ; virology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Latex Fixation Tests ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Prevalence ; Reproducibility of Results ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rotavirus ; classification ; genetics ; Rotavirus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Serotyping

OBJECTIVETo compare the schizontocidal activity of recrystallized or crude daphnetin against malaria parasites in vivo.

METHODSSchizontocidal activity of recrystallized or crude daphnetin at various dosages was assessed in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA using a "4-day suppress assay".

RESULTSThe comparison of the reduction rate of parasitemia caused by either recrystallized or crude dephnetin showed that ED(50) of crude daphnetin was 18.36 mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of 5.96-56.54 mg/kg while ED50 of recrystallized daphnetin was 11.46 mg/kg, with 95% confidence limit of 8.63-15.22 mg/kg.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that the efficacy of recrystallized daphnetin is 37.6% higher than that of crude daphnetin.

Animals ; Antimalarials ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Malaria ; drug therapy ; parasitology ; Mice ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Plasmodium berghei ; drug effects ; Umbelliferones ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore a method for rapid diagnosis of sepsis in newborn infants.

METHODS(1) The primers and oligonucleotide probes were designed and synthesized based on the sequences of bacterial 16SrRNA gene. The gene chip was prepared through the probes printed onto special glass slides. The gene chip included 18 special probes: universal probe 1, universal probe 2, Gram positive bacterial probe, Gram negative bacterial probe 1, Gram negative bacterial probe 2, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS) 1, CoNS 2, Escherichia coli, Hemophilus influenzae, Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus agalactiae, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacillus, Meningococcus, Corynebacterium, Propionibacterium; (2) Blood specimens from 285 cases of suspected septicemia were cultured and bacterial 16S rRNA gene was detected separately; DNA isolated from blood specimens and cerebrospinal fluid was amplified by PCR, and PCR products were hybridized with the probes on the gene chips. Hybridization results were scanned and read by laser-scanner.

RESULTS(1) Of the 285 cases, 17 were positive by PCR and the positive rate (5.96%) was significantly higher than that of blood culture (2.81%) (P < 0.01). When blood culture was taken as control, the sensitivity of PCR was 100% and Specificity was 96.75%, the index of accurate diagnosis was 0.968. (2) The 17 specimens which showed positive results by PCR were further hybridized on the gene chip. All were positive by universal probes. Among all of them, 5 were positive by E. coli probe; 4 were positive by Staphylococcus epidermidis; two were positive by Bacillus and Propionibacterium probes, separately; 4 were positive by CoNS. The 8 specimens which showed positive results by both PCR and blood culture, the result of gene chip hybridization coincided with the result of blood culture.

CONCLUSIONDetection of the bacterial 16SrRNA genes in clinical specimens by gene chip hybridization technology can diagnose neonatal septicemia rapidly. This method has higher sensitivity and specificity than blood culture or other methods and can provide a rapid way for the etiological diagnosis of neonatal septicemia. Therefore the genechip method may be valuable and practical in early diagnosis of neonatal septicemia.

Genes, rRNA ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sepsis ; diagnosis ; Time Factors

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; CD56 Antigen ; analysis ; Cancer Vaccines ; immunology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; immunology ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology

China ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Tripterygium

A metabolic profiling analysis method for metabolomic studies of rice leaf was established based on HSS T3 combined with XBridge Amide Q-TOF LC/MS by comparing the influences of different extraction methods in rice leaves of metabolites. The extraction and separation of rice leaf metabolites using three different methods including methanol-chloroform-water,methanol-chloroform-ammonia,methanol-methyl tert-butyl ether -water and different chromatographic systems were compared by the numbers of peaks, identified metabolites and the metabolic pathways. The results showed that the method of methanol-chloroform-water reached the highest coverage rate of metabolites in rice leaves,and the maximum number of unique metabolites including prephenic acid, luteolin, α-linolenic acid, aconitic acid, gibberellin A12 aldehyde, isovitexin, L-Glutamate were detected. Metabolites with different polarity in rice leaf could be detected by HSS T3 and XBridge Amide. A total of 16 kinds of organic acids, 17 kinds of nucleotides, 21 kinds of amino acids, 66 kinds of fatty acids,11 kinds of phospholipids and 7 kinds of sphingolipids were identified. XBridge Amide had an absolute advantage in detecting phospholipids and sphingolipids. The metabolic pathways involved purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, arginine metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, phospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and vitamin B2 synthesis. It showed certain complementarity between the two columns in identifying metabolites and involved the metabolic pathways. The established method is expected to be useful for the metabolomic studies of rice.

the process of malignant transformation of esophageal epithelial cells, and jointly promoting the occurrence and development of EC.