Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; pathology ; Nephrectomy ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; pathology ; surgery

Background Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness,which is characterized by processing retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and optic nerve dystrophy.Clinical study showed that lowing IOP can not arrest the glaucomatous damage of RGCs.To seek a neuroprotective drug is an urgent need.Objective This present study focused on the effect of triptolide,a natural biologically active compound extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii,on RGCs in glaucomatous eyes. Methods Glaucoma animal models were established in the right eyes of 80 clean Wistar rats by combination with aspiration of aqueous humor and phtocoagulation on anterior chamber angle.Wistar rats were assigned to two groups at random.Triptolide (5μg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected daily from three days before photocoagulation through scarification of animals (total 8 weeks),and same amount of physiologic saline solution was used at the same way.IOP was measured with a Tonopen XL tonometer at at 1day,3,5,7 days and weekly for 8-week duration after phtocoagulation.RGCs numbers was calculated by retinal Nissl staining.Morphology of retina in frozen section was examined under the light microscope.The experiment followed the Standard of Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The IOP was elevated in model eyes from 1 day through 3 weeks after operation with statistically different in comparison with before operation(P<0.05).No obvious differences in IOP changg was found hetween the triptolide group and the normal saline group at each time point(P>0.05).The numbers of RGCs of model eyes in normal saline group decreased gradually after operation,but no evident decline of numbers of RGCs in model eyes in triptolide group. RGCs in triptolide group were considerably more than those of normal saline group in various time points after operation ( P<0. 05). However,no obvious difference in RGCs numbers was found between model eyes and control eyes in Triptolide group. Conclusion Triptolide could protect RGCs in glaucomatous eyes,and its effect does not depend on IOP in chronic glaucoma model.

Objective To understand the status of surgical site infection(SSI)in department of cardiothoracic surgery, analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of SSI, and provide evidence for the prevention of SSI. Methods A prospective monitoring method was used to investigate the medical records of patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in a hospital from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015, operation status and SSI of patients were monitored, risk factors for SSI were analyzed.Results A total of 1 953 surgery patients were investigated, 31 had SSI, incidence of SSI was 1.59％.Logistic regression analysis showed that length of hospital stay, malignant tumor, duration of indwelling drainage tube, and long length of operation were independent risk factors for SSI, OR(95％)CI were 8.48(1.12-63.98), 3.99(1.15-13.83), 2.54(1.07-6.02), and 2.11(1.01-4.39)respectively, (all P＜0.05).Conclusion SSI prevention measures should be taken according to risk factors of SSI, so as to reduce the incidence of SSI.

Objective To explore compliance of anti-platelet therapy of patients after coronary stent implantation and relative factors. Methods 75 patients after coronary stent implantation were investigated by APGAR and drug compliance evaluation scale. Results 44.0 ％ of patients (n =33) failed to take anti-platelet drugs exactly following the prescription, the main form is omitting to take anti-platelet drugs (28.0％). The total score of understanding about antiplatelet medication knowledge in 75 patients was (26.36 ± 2.85 ), they took not much knowledge about antiplatelet druys' side effects and adverse consequences. The median adherence score of compliamce of antiplatelet drugs was 15.61. Fully accounted for 56.0％. The main non-complicance behavior was missed 28.0％. Different time of stent placement, antiplatelet druy type, duration of patient understanding of medication and medication compliance in patients with family functioning were statistically significant differences ( P ＜ 0. 05 ) ; Medication compliance and stent placement time was negatively correlated (r =-0. 304,P ＜ 0. 01 ), and duration of antiplatelet drug use to understand the situation, family functioning was positively correlated (r =0. 259,0. 266 ; P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The rate of good compliance of antiplatelet therapy of patients after stent implantation is much lower. Nurses should emphasize the education about anti-platelet therapy and start family support system in order to improve the compliance of anti-platelet therapy.

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

In the current study, nine flavonoids were isolated and purified from 75% ethanol extract of Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring by column chromatographic techniques over macroporous resin, polyamide, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and pre-HPLC. On the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data analyses, these compounds were elucidated as cirsimarin (1), nepitrin (2), apigenin-6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-α-L-arabinopyranoside (4), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 2,3-dihydroamentoflavone (6), 4'-O-methylamentoflavone (7), 2,3-dihydro-4'-O-methyl-amentoflavone (8), and 2,3,2",3"-tetrahydron-4'-O-methyl-robustaflavone (9). Compounds 1-5 belong to flavonoid glycosides and were isolated from the genus Selaginella for the first time.
Flavonoids ; analysis ; Selaginellaceae ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution and susceptibility profile of fungal isolates from bloodstream infections,and valuate the clinical utility of G test in diagnosis of fungal infections for the purpose to improve antifungal therapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to analyze the fungal pathogens isolated from bloodstream infections in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during the period from January 2013 through December 2015 and their antimicrobial susceptibility.Results A total of 114 fungal strains were isolated from bloodstream infections during the 3-year period,most of which were Candida (99/114,86.8％),especially Candida albicans (30.7％).About 41.2％ (47/114) of the fungal strains were isolated from Department of Thoracic Surgery (10,5 and 4 strains in 2013,2014 and 2015),Hematology (11 strains in 2014),and ICU (7 strains in 2014).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that all the fungal strains (100％) were susceptible to amphotericin B,but 83.5％ susceptible to itraconazole (the lowest).G test was positive before the result of blood culture in 13 of the 54 patients who received G test.Conclusions Candida was the most common fungus in fungal bloodstream infection.Amphotericin B is the most active antifungal agent in vitro.Blood culture combined with serological test can provide clinicians an earlier and reliable diagnosis.

AIM: To investigate the effect of ischemia induced by central retinal artery occlusion on retinal microstructure of macula using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients with unilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in two to three days without fully recovery of retinal circulation underwent OCT examination with 4.5 mm length horizontal and vertical line scans through foveola to measure the retinal neurosensory layer (RNL) thickness on foveola, 175 ?m (fovea), 750 ?m (macula) to foveola, respectively. The other normal eyes of patients as control group underwent the same examination and measurement. RESULTS: The mean RNL thickness(?m) on foveola, fovea, macula were 169 91?10 96, 176 36?11 74 and 256 45?16 95 respectively in normal control eyes, and 235 64?47 02 , 241 84?49 36 and 401 57?54 53 respectively in CRAO eyes with retinal ischemia. There was a significant difference in thickness between two group ( P

Objective To investigate the change of plasma visfatin level and the relationship of plasma visfatin level to body mass index(BMI),waist hip ratio(WHR),blood glucose,plasma insulin levels as well as other factors in the subjects with different glucose tolerances.Methods Fasting and glucose loading 2 h plasma visfatin levels were assayed by ELISA in patients with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),and controls.The relationship of plasma visfatin level with BMI,HOMA-IR,blood lipids,plasma glucose,plasma insulin,free fatty acids(FFA)levels were also analyzed.Results Fasting and glucose loading 2 h plasma visfatin levels in the type 2 diabetic patients were significantly reduced compared with controls[(11.63?7.48)?g/L vs (16.82?6.06)?g/L and (12.02?6.86)?g/L vs (16.26?7.78)?g/L,both P＜0.05],and the level of plasma visfatin in IGT was lower than that in diabetics and higher than controls.The level of visfatin in obese subjects was modestly higher than that in non-obese subjects,but the difference is not significant.Plasma visfatin level was positively correlated with WHR(r=0.42,P＜0.01),and negatively with 2 h plasma glucose after glucose loading(2hPG)and HbA_(1C)(r=-0.33,P＜0.01 and r=-0.25,both P＜0.05).Multiple regression analysis showed that fasting plasma glucose,WHR,2hPG,high density lipoprotein cholesterol and HbA_(1C) were independent related factors in influencing plasma visfatin levels.Conclusion The change of visfatin level is associated with glucose metabolism,which may contribute,in part,to the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity.

OBJECTIVETo explore the immune mechanism of moxibustion on protecting gastric mucosa injury.

METHODSForty healthy SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: a blank group, a model group, a moxibustion acupoint group and a moxibustion non-acupoint group, 10 rats in each one. Eight days before model establishment, moxibustion at "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Zhongwan" (CV 12), "Guanyuan" (CV 4), "Pishu" (BL 20) and "Weishu" (BL 21) was applied in the moxibustion acupoint group while these acupoints' controlled points were selected in the moxibustion non-acupoint group, and no treatment was given in the model group, once a day in three groups for continuous 16 days. The helicobacter pylori (Hp) model was established by intragastric administration of Hp. HE staining microscopic examination was used to observe inflammation severity in gastric mucosa, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adapted to measure content of heat shock protein (HSP) 72, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta, and real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression of TLR2 mRNA, TLR4 mRNA, CD14 mRNA and MyD88 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and western blot method was used to measure content of NFkappaB and IkappaBalpha in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

RESULTSCompared with the blank group, the expression of HP could be seen in the smear of gastric mucosa by Gram's staining in the model group; the inflammation severity score was obviously increased as well as content of serum HSP 72 and TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in gastric tissue; and expression of TLR2, 4 mRNA, CD14 mRNA, MyD88 mRNA, NFkappaB was increased (P < 0.01), but the expression of IkappaBalpha was reduced (P < 0.05). After the moxibustion, the inflammation severity score was reduced in the moxibustion acupoint group, and the content of serum HSP 72 was increased, and the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in gastric tissue and expression of TLR2 mRNA, TLR4 mRNA, CD14 mRNA, MyD88 mRNA and NFkappaB were reduced (P < 0.01), but the expression of IkappaBalpha was increased (P < 0.05). The differences between the moxibustion non-acupoint group and the model group were not significant (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe pretreatment of moxibustion at acupoints could induce the over expression of serum HSP 72. By combining TLR 2 and 4 receptors to trigger receptor signal transduction pathways, the releases of downstream signal substances are regulated; as a result, the releases of related immune substances are regulated to relieve the gastric mucosa injury of rats with HP gastritis.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Female ; Gastritis ; immunology ; therapy ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; physiology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Moxibustion ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics ; immunology