Objective To evaluated the effect of first-line epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)on advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)patients with different EGFR mutation status (exon 1 9 deletion and exon 21 mutation).Methods Seventy-two advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation confirmed by histopathology were enrolled.All of the patients received first-line EGFR-TKI.The relationships between EGFR mutation status and objective response rate (ORR),disease control rate (DCR),progression free survival (PFS ) and overall survival (OS ) were analyzed.Results Of the 72 patients,37 patients expressed exon 1 9 deletion,35 patients expressed exon 21 mutation,and all of them could be evaluated.The ORR and DCR of patients with exon 1 9 deletion were higher than those of patients with exon 21 mutation (75.7%vs.51 .4%,χ2 =4.583,P=0.032;89.2%vs.68.6%,χ2 =4.636,P=0.031 ).The modified median PFS of patients with exon 1 9 deletion was significantly higher than that of patients with exon 21 mutation (1 3.2 month vs.1 0.8 month,χ2 =4.700,P=0.030).The median OS of patients with exon 1 9 deletion was significantly higher than that of patients with exon 21 mutation (30.2 month vs.25.6 month,χ2 =4.686,P=0.030).The side effects were similar between the two groups.The most common adverse reaction was rash,and the incidence had no significant difference between the two groups (48.7% vs.48.6%,χ2 =0.000,P=0.995 ).Conclusion EGFR mutation status is a predictor for PFS,OS and ORR of first-line EGFR-TKI in patients with advanced NSCLC.NSCLC patients with EGFR exon 1 9 deletion are associated with longer survival time and better response rate compared with those with exon 21 mutation.

Objective To separate the side population cells(SP) from breast cancer MCF-7 cell line,and observe its biological characteristics.Methods Flow cytometry and Hcechst 33342 dye efflux assay were used to isolate SP cells and non-SP cells from the MCF-7 cell line of human breast cancer.Tumorigenicity of the two subpopulations was observed by a soft agar cloning method.Results The results of FACS analysis indicated that (6.5 ± 0.4 ) ％of the MCF-7 cells were SP cells;The vitro colony formation rate of SP cells was(38.5 ±9.4)％,and higher than that of non-SP cells ( 8.4 ± 2.6 ) ％ ( t =5.34,P ＜ 0,05 ).Concluslon The SP cells sorted from MCF-7 cell line enriched tunor stem cells,which exhibited high tumorigenicity.It indicated that SP cells should play a principal role in breast cancer.

As a kind of bioactive natural products with unique space structure, triterpenoid is widely used in diminishing inflammation, antibacterial, and protecting liver and kidney. Because of the strong ability of antitumor, it is likely to be developed as a new generation of anticancer drugs. In this review, the antineoplastic mechanism, structure-activity relationship, and pharmacophore improvement were summarized for further research on the antitumor properties of triterpenoid.

Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and Hedysarum polybotrys belong to different genera, but have similar drug efficacy in traditional Chinese medicine theory, and H. polybotrys was used as the legal A. membranaceus var. mongholicus previously. In this study, similarities and differences between them were analyzed via their ITS/ITS2 fragments information. The ITS (internal transcribed spacer) regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced in two-way. The alignment lengths of ITS regions were 616 bp, in which 508 loci were consistent, and 103 loci were different, accounting for 82.47% and 16.72% of the total ITS nucleotides in length, respectively. As genotype determines phenotype, 1HNMR-based metabolomic approach was further used to reveal the chemical similarities and differences between them. Thirty-four metabolites were identified in the 1H NMR spectra, and twenty-seven metabolites were the common components. Amino acids, carbohydrates and other primary metabolites were similar, while a large difference existed in the flavonoids and astragalosides. This study suggests that A. membranaceus var. mongholicus and H. polybotrys show similarities and differences from molecular and chemical perspectives, which has laid a foundation for elucidating the effective material basis of drug with similar efficacy and resources utilization.
Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; genetics ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics

Objective To explore the relationship between mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) in patients with advanced nonsmall ccll lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods The data of 72 outpatients and inpatients with stage Ⅲ b/ⅣNSCLC diagnosed by histopathology and harbored EGFR-activating mutations (exon 19 and exon 21) from January 2008 to December 2013 in Xuzhou Cancer Hospital were collected.All of them received first-line EGFR-TKI.The relationships between EGFR gene status and response rate or progression-free survival (PFS)were analyzed.Results Of the 72 patients with EGFR mutation,37 patients harbored exon 19 deletion,and 35 patients harbored exon 21 L858R point mutation.The efficacies of all patients were assessable.The objective response rate (ORR) was 63.9 ％ (46/72) and disease control rate (DCR) was 79.2 ％ (57/72) in all patients,including 2 cases of complete remission (CR),44 cases of partial remission (PR),1 1 cases stable disease (SD) and 15 cases of disease progression (PD).Patients with exon 19 deletion had a higher ORR [75.7 ％ (28/37) vs 51.4 ％ (18/35),P =0.032] and a higher DCR [89.2 ％ (33/37) vs 68.6 ％ (24/35),P =0.031]than patients with exon 21 L858R mutation.The PFS of patients with exon 19 deletion was significantly longer than that of patients with exon 21 L858R mutation (12.0 months vs 9.5 months,P =0.030).Cox multivariate analysis indicated that the gender,histological type,smoking history were the major influence factors of PFS.The differences of toxicity between the two groups were not significant.Conclusion EGFR-activating mutation is a predictor for PFS and ORR of first-line EGFR-TKI in patients with advanced NSCLC.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Dachengqi Granule (DCG) in the recovery of gastrointestinal function and the condition of patients in the perioperative period of total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

METHODSTwo hundred and one patients received total laparoscopic hysterectomy were assigned to 2 groups, the treated group (103 cases) was orally administered DCG twice, 9 g at 4:00 pm, one day before operation and 6 g at 16 h after operation, while to the control group, enema with 400 mL of soap solution at 8:00 pm one day before operation and acupoint ST 36 injection with 1 mL neostigmine at 16 h after operation were given.

RESULTSTotal laparoscopic hysterectomy was accomplished successfully in all patients, no need to receive open abdominal operation, and with no post-operational complications. In the treated group, the operation time was (116.8 +/- 29.7) min, the operative blood loss was (141.6 +/- 25.1) mL, the post-operative temperature was (37.38 +/- 1.39) degrees C, while those in the control group were (119.6 +/- 28.4) min, (150.6 +/- 22.1) mL, and (37.55 +/- 0.43) degrees C, correspondingly, showing insignificant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The white blood cell count on the 1st day after operation was (11.18 +/- 2.93) x 10(9)/L in the treated group, and (12.57 +/- 3.55) x 10(9)/L in the control group (P < 0.01); time for post-operative aerofluxus in them was (35.66 +/- 5.72) h, and (41.77 +/- 6.06) h; time for post-operative defecation (48.47 +/- 18.97) h, and (54.81 +/- 21.30) h, respectively, all showed statistical difference between the two groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAdministering DCG before and early after operation can effect better than pre-operational enema in ensuring the gynecological operation progression smoothly, and it could also promote the recovery of post-operational gastrointestinal function and improve patients' condition in the perioperative period.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparoscopy ; Neostigmine ; administration & dosage ; Perioperative Period ; Plant Extracts ; administration & dosage

High-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with variable wavelength detection (HPLC-VWD) has been developed for simultaneous determination of 5 analytes including ellagic acid, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-rutinoside, tiliroside and kaempferol, and high-performance liquid chromatographic with an evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD) has been established to determine goshonoside-F5 in extract of Rubi Fructus. Chromatographic separations were carried out on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5.0 microm). All calibration curves of reference standards revealed good linearity (R2 > 0.999 5) within the concentration ranges tested. The method limits of detection ranged 0.297-90.144 ng and the method limits ofquantitation ranged 0.990-300.480 ng, respectively. Recoveries of 6 analytes were from 97.11% to 101.7%, with RSD less than 2.1%. The result shows that amounts of the 6 analytes in the samples from 16 localities were found to be different. The higher latitude of growing environment, the more ellagic acid in herb. The content of total flavonoids in sample from east localities were higher than that in middle and west localities, and the content of goshonoside-F5 in Bozhou, Anhui province was higher than others. This method was found to be simple, accurate, sensitive with good repeatability. Those results might serve as a sound foundation for further study, quality control and application of Rubi Fructus.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ellagic Acid ; analysis ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Geography ; Rosaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the potential protective effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on post-thaw human sperm.

METHODSSemen samples were collected from 60 normal fertile men, each divided into six parts of equal volume to be incubated at 37 °C in normal saline (G0, control) or in the extender with 2 nmol/L (G1), 20 nmol/L (G2), 200 nmol/L (G3), 2 µmol/L (G4), and 20 µmol/L of MitoQ (G5). After one hour of incubation, the samples were subjected to computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) for sperm motility, flow cytometry for reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiobarbituric acid assay for the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and MitoTracker fluorescent staining and flow cytometry for the sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Then, the semen were cryopreserved with none (B0), 200 nmol/L (B1), and 2 µmol/L of MitoQ (B2), followed by detection of the changes in the ROS, MDA, and MMP of the post-thaw sperm.

RESULTSThe percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility were significantly higher in G3 ([30.8 ± 10.2]% and [70.6 ± 9.0]%) and G4 ([32.7 ± 13.5]% and [70.3 ± 11.9]%) than in G0 ([17.6 ± 5.0]% and [54.9 ± 11.5]%) (P < 0.05). The level of ROS dropped markedly with the increased concentration of MitoQ, 86.5 ± 31.6 in G3, 93.6 ± 42.0 in G4, and 45.1 ± 15.0 in G5, as compared with 160.8 ± 39.7 in G0 (P < 0.05). The content of MDA was remarkably lower in G3 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) and G4 ([0.9 ± 0.5] µmol/mg) than in G0 ([1.9 ± 1.1] µmol/mg) (P < 0.05), but not in G5 ([1.7 ± 0.7] µmol/mg), which was even higher than in G3 and G4 (P < 0.05). The MMP showed a significant reduction in G5 (1156 ± 216) in comparison with G0 (1701 ± 251) (P < 0.05) but exhibited no remarkable difference between G0 and G1 (1810 ± 298), G2 (1995 ± 437), G3 (1950 ± 334), or G4 (1582 ± 314). The percentage of progressively motile sperm and total rate of sperm motility after freezing-thawing were significantly decreased as compared with those of the fresh semen (P < 0.01), but both were remarkably higher in B1 ([3.2 ± 2.3]% and [ 43.0 ± 9.5]%) than in B0 ([0.8 ± 0.6]% and [26.5 ± 11.4]%) (P < 0.05). The ROS level was significantly lower in B1 and B2 than in B0 (34.6 ± 12. 3 and 37.0 ± 10.5 vs 56.9 ± 14.3, P < 0.05), and so was the MDA content ([1.4 ± 0.5] and [1.4 ± 0.6] µmol/mg vs [2.6 ± 1.0] µmol/mg, P < 0.05), but the MMP was markedly higher in B1 and B2 than in B0 (1010.0 ± 130.5 and 880.6 ± 128.6 vs 721.1 ± 24.8, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAddition of MitoQ to the freezing extender at 200 nmol/L may effectively improve the quality of human sperm and MitoQ is a good protective addictive for human sperm cryopreservation.

Antioxidants ; Cryopreservation ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; analysis ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Semen Analysis ; Semen Preservation ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Ubiquinone ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of phenolic acids from Anemone altica,and optimize its extraction technolo-gy. METHODS:HPLC was used to determine the contents of mono-ferulyl tartaric acid and ferulic acid from A. altica;using the total contents of 2 index components as index,volume fraction of extraction solvent,extraction solvent volume,extraction times and extraction time as factors,orthogonal test was used to optimize extraction technology,and verification test was conducted. RE-SULTS:The contents of mono-ferulyl tartaric acid and ferulic acid were 0.059%,0.0025%,respectively;the optimal extraction technology was as follow as 30% ethanol 600 mL added to 20 g medicinal material,extracted twice,90 min every time. In verifi-cation test,the average contents of 2 components in extract were 0.2971%(RSD=3.64%,n=3),0.0041%(RSD=5.11%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:A method for contents determination of mono-ferulyl tartaric acid and ferulic acid from A. altica is estab-lished;optimized extraction technology is stable and feasible.

Objective Helicobacter pylori（ ）， To investigate the infection status of HP and analyze the correlation between HP Methods infection and serum bilirubin in railway drivers. A total of 2 731 railway drivers in Zhengzhou locomotive depot were - selected as study subjects using judgment sampling method. Carbon 13 urea breath test was used to evaluate the HP infection ， status. The metabolic indexes of HP positive group and HP negative group were compared and the relationship between HP Results （ ） ， infection and serum bilirubin was analyzed. The HP infection rate was 42.3% 1 156/2 731 . The older the age the ， （ ）， （ P ） longer the work years and the higher the body mass index BMI the higher the HP infection rate all <0.01 . The infection （P ） rate of HP in married people was higher than that in unmarried people <0.01 . The HP infection rate of smokers was higher - （P ） - ， than that of non smokers <0.01 . Compared with the HP negative group fasting blood glucose and serum levels of total ， （ - ）， （ ） - cholesterol low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL C triglyceride and homocysteine Hcy were increased in the HP （ P ） （ - ）， ， positive group all <0.05 . The serum levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL C total bilirubin direct bilirubin （ ） - （ P ） DBIL and indirect bilirubin were lower than those in HP negative group all <0.05 . Logistic regression analysis showed that （ P ） HP infection was associated with low serum total bilirubin and low DBIL all <0.01 after adjusting for the confounding effects ， ， ， ， ， ， ， - ， - ， of age work years marital status smoking history fasting blood glucose total cholesterol triacylglycerol LDL C HDL C Conclusion ， ， ， and Hcy. The age work length BMI smoking and marital status are the influencing factors of HP infection in railway drivers. HP infection is associated with low levels of total bilirubin and DBIL.