Objective To explore the effect of massage therapy on dynamic changes of motor function and muscle tension in children with spastic cerebral palsy(CP).Methods Fifty-four(31 male,23 female,average age 5.18 years) hospitalized children with spastic CP were randomly selected,with 40 minutes a day to 24 weeks of massage therapy to assess and analyze the dynamic changes of motor function.No other treatment and drug were used.SPSS 11.01 software was used to analyze the data.Results Treated by massage for 24 weeks process,the basic gross motor ability had gradually increasing tendency,and there was significant difference between before and after treatment(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of Huperzine A, a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, against the hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) of the cognitive and morphology in the neonatal rats.

METHODSPostnatal 7 days old rats were given vehicle or Huperzine A (0.05 mg/kg or 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) following HIBD (unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia) or sham operation, and then tested the learning ability and memory in the Morris water maze (MWM) from 36 to 40 postnatal days. The performance in MWM (escape latency, probe time) were recorded to evaluate the learning and memory dysfunction. At the end of MWM trials, the rats were decapitated and their brains were histologically analyzed. The tissue loss in different brain regions including striatum, cortex, and hippocampus were analyzed by image analysis system. The CA(1) subfield neurons numbers were counted to evaluate the brain damage. The acetylcholinesterase histochemistry staining was used to determine the activity of acetylcholinesterase in different brain regions.

RESULTSCompared with sham-operated group, HIBD rats with the vehicle treatment displayed significant tissue losses in the hippocampus (including CA(1) neurons), cortex, and striatum, as well as severe spatial memory deficits (escape latency: 44 s vs 30 s, P < 0.05, probe time: 14 s vs 40 s, P < 0.01). Huperzine A treatment (0.1 mg/kg) resulted in significant protection against both HI-induced brain tissue losses and spatial memory impairments (mean escape latency: 34 s vs 44 s, P < 0.05, probe time: 35 s vs 14 s,P < 0.01). However, Huperzine A treatment (0.05 mg/kg) did not show any significant improvement of spatial memory impairments (mean escape latency: 45 s vs 44 s, P > 0.05, probe time: 17 s vs 14 s, P > 0.05), but moderate to severe brain tissue losses. There was a pronounced reduction of CA(1) neuron density in ipsilateral hemisphere of vehicle-treated group and 0.05 mg/kg Huperzine A group compared with contralateral hemisphere or ipsilateral hemisphere of sham-operated group and 0.1 mg/kg Huperzine A group (72 vs 232, P < 0.01, 72 vs 229, P < 0.01, respectively). There was a close linear correlation between the CA(1) neurons cell number and the mean escape latency for 5 d acquisition trials (r = 0.777, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe unilateral HI brain injury in a neonatal rat model was associated with cognitive deficits, and that Huperzine A treatment may be protective against both brain injury and spatial memory impairment. Huperzine A showed a therapeutic potential for the treatment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) caused by the perinatal asphyxia.

Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Alkaloids ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cognition Disorders ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Corpus Striatum ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Female ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; drug therapy ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sesquiterpenes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the significance and principle of simultaneous orthodontics during mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

METHODSTotally 11 patients simultaneously underwent occlusal orthodontic treatment for 3-4 months during mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Square-wire and elastic loops were adapted to perform the orthodontics by ways of more frequent adjustment of orthodontic device than routine method.

RESULTSAll 11 patients with mandibular micronathia obtained the improved occlusion with their mandibular expected elongation, for instance, their open-bite and teeth displacement were partially corrected.

CONCLUSIONSimultanous orthodontics with mandibular distraction osteogenesis may improve the malocclusion, decrease the orthodontic time, and lead the mandibular distraction direction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion ; complications ; therapy ; Mandible ; surgery ; Micrognathism ; complications ; surgery ; Orthodontics ; Osteogenesis, Distraction

OBJECTIVETo study the influences on mandibular development after removing the outer cortex of mandibular body in childhood minitype pig.

METHODSSix childhood minitype pigs were selected as the experimental animals. The outer cortex of mandibular body measured as 3.0 cm x 1.5 cm was removed in one side, and the other side remained intact as the control. The changes of mandibular modality and occlusion relationship as well as the histological and biomechanical changes were studied 24 weeks after operation.

RESULTSThere was no obvious difference compared with the control side in the height of the mandibular ramus and the length of the mandibular body, However, lateral deviation occlusion was found in some animals. The body thickness was thinner than that of the control side, there were no obvious biomechanical and histological differences between the two sides.

CONCLUSIONSThere was less influence on the growth of mandibular bone after removing one side of the outer cortex of the mandibular body in childhood minitype pig. But further study should be done for the cause of the lateral deviation of the mandible in part of the animals.

Animals ; Female ; Male ; Mandible ; growth & development ; surgery ; Mandibular Condyle ; surgery ; Osteotomy ; adverse effects ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

OBJECTIVETo study the surgical reconstruction of unilateral Craniofacial Atrophy and Hypoplasia.

METHODSAccording to the etiological factors and severity of the facial deformities, different methods are employed, including bone framework reconstruction, soft tissue transplantation, orthognathic surgery.

RESULTSFrom September 1998 to August 2004, 42 cases were treated, Include: Hemifacial Microsomia 22 cases, Hemifacial Atrophy 16 cases, unilateral facial hypoplasia due to radiation 4 cases. Miniplate and transplants extrusion occurred on 2 post radiation patients due to poor soft tissue coverage, infection occurred on 1 patient after mandibular ramus reconstruction using autogenous rib and contralateral mandibular outer cortex. The leaving patients recovered well and the facial asymmetry were improved greatly.

CONCLUSIONSFacial asymmetry due to unilateral Craniofacial Atrophy or Hypoplasia is a common and complex condition for surgical management, The surgical plan should be delicated made individually according to the severity of the soft tissue and the underlying bone framework.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; surgery ; Facial Asymmetry ; surgery ; Facial Hemiatrophy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate polymorphisms and forensic efficiency of 22 non-binary single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci.

METHODSOne hundred ethnic Han Chinese individuals were recruited from Dongguan, Guangdong. The 22 loci were genotyped with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

RESULTSNine loci were found with a single allele, 4 loci were found to be biallelic, whilst 9 loci were found to have 3 alleles. For 13 polymorphic loci, the combined discrimination power and power of exclusion were 0.999 98 and 0.9330, respectively. For the 9 non-biallelic loci, the combined discrimination power and power of exclusion were 0.9998 and 0.8956, respectively. For motherless cases, the combined power of exclusion was 0.6405 for 13 polymorphic SNPs and 0.6405 for 9 non-binary SNPs.

CONCLUSIONNon-binary loci have a greater discrimination power and exclusion power per SNP.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Load ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVE: To compare protein levels of pro-inflammatory factors and bone formation mediators in the fibrous cap and shoulder region of non-calcified and calcified carotid endarterectomy (CEA) plaques. METHODS: Twenty-two CEA plaques were classified as non-calcified and calcified groups (n=11 each) in accordance with the American Heart Association (AHA) consensus in 1995. To make frozen sections and H&E staining using plaque, the mean percent of carotid stenosis and calcification area was determined by quantitative histomorphometry. The protein levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chematactic protein-1 (MCP-1), bone formation mediators bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6), and osteocalcin in the fibrous cap and shoulder region of plaques were determined by western blot and were quantified using ImageJ software. RESULTS: MCP-1 and IL-8 protein were 1.3 (P>0.05) and 1.5 (P<0.05) folds greater in the non-calcified plaques than those in the calcified plaques. BMP-6 and osteocalcin protein were 1.3 (P>0.05) and 2.1 (P<0.01) folds greater in the calcified plaques compared with those of the non-calcified plaques. CONCLUSION Inflammation is more likely to occur in non-calcified carotid plaques, and calcification in the plaques may be associated with bone formation, which indicates that decreased inflammation may be the beginning of calcification in carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
Atherosclerosis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 ; metabolism ; Calcinosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carotid Stenosis ; etiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Endarterectomy, Carotid ; Humans ; Inflammation ; metabolism ; pathology ; Interleukin-8 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo establish human bronchial epithelial cell lines over expressing oncogene and to investigate its application in detection of carcinogen-induced cell transformation.

METHODSMediated by retrovirus infection, human telomerase catalytic subunit, hTERT was introduced into immortal human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) and followed by introduction of the oncogenic allele H-Ras(V12), or c-Myc or empty vector, creating cell lines 16HBETR, 16HBETM and 16HBETV, respectively. Biological characteristics of these cell lines including morphology, proliferation, and chromosomal aberration were examined to access whether they were transformed. Soft agar experiment and nude mice subcutaneous injection were performed using pre-transformed 16HBE cells induced by known carcinogens, nickel sulfate (NiSO4) and 7, 8, -dihydrodiol-9, 10-epoxide benzo[a] pyrene (BPDE).

RESULTSWith detection of telomerase activity and Western blotting, the expression of target proteins was verified. Thus, the transgenic 16HBE cell lines were successfully established. Cells expressing oncogene H-Ras or c-Myc grew 30.3% or 10.4% faster than control cells. However, these cells failed to form colonies in soft agar or form tumor in nude mice. 16HBETR, 16HBETM cells obtained transformed phenotype at 5 wks, 11 wks, respectively after treatment with BPDE, which are 15 wks and 9 wks earlier than control cells 16HBETV (20 wks). Meanwhile, 16HBETR, 16HBETM cells obtained transformed phenotype at 11 wks, 14 wks, respectively after treatment with nickel sulfate, which are 21 wks and 18 wks earlier than control cells (32 wks).

CONCLUSIONWith the advantage of shorter latency, transgenic human cell transformation models could be used in potent carcinogen screening and applied to chemical-carcinogenesis mechanism study.

7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide ; toxicity ; Animals ; Carcinogenicity Tests ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, myc ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude

BACKGROUND:It has been reported that 70％ of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are negative for cytogenetic and genetic markers within 1-5 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT),but there are still some patients who have repeatedly varied outcomes in cytogenetic and genetic marker detection.Overall,the negative rate is up to 89.5％ at 3-12 months after allo-HSCT.OBJECTIVE:To monitor the changes in cytogenetic and genetic marker expression and to explore the prognostic significance in CML patients undergoing allo-HSCT.METHODS:Seventeen CML patients who had undergone allo-HSCT were enrolled.Chromosome G banding pattern of the bone marrow from these patients were analyzed using short-term culture method and direct method at 30 days,2,3,4,6,12,24,36,48,60,72 months after allo-HSCT.Dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect bcr-abl fusion gene;bcr-abl expressions in primary bone marrow ceils from CML patients were detected using RQ-PCR.Results and conclusion:There were 8/17 cases of male patient/male donor and 7/17cases of male patient/female donor (compatriots).46XX karyotype (women) was detected by multiple reexaminations after transplantation,and there was no Y chromosome or other aberration of chromosome karyotype in their karyotype.Among the 17 cases,1 case of female patient/female donor (compatriots) and 1 case of female patient/male donor (unrelated) manifested 46 XY chromosome karyotype and bcr-abl positive at 1 month after transplantation;after 4 months,these two cases still maintained 46 XY chromosome karyotype but bcr-abl negative;after 4-96 months,the karyotype continued to remain as 46 XY,and bcr-abl (-).Among the 17 cases,1 case of male patient/male donor of full-matched compatriot (brother) manifested that Ph chromosomal bcr-abl gene continuously expressed within 1-12 months after allo-HSCT;then the cases was given donor lymphocyte infusion,and the bcr-abl expression returned to be negative at 48 months after transplantation.To conclude,chromosomal karyotype analysis and bcr-abl fusion gene monitoring provide important reference value for subsequent treatment options and prognosis judgment for CML patients with allo-HSCT.

It is the core of the development for Chinese patent medicine enterprises to cultivate large varieties of Chinese patent medicine, and the selection of potential "seed" products is the prerequisite for the cultivation strategy. By constructing the evaluation model from multiple dimensions of value and risk, we can conduct specialized evaluation of Chinese patent medicines to effectively, professionally and objectively select the "seed" products with large variety cultivation potential. In this paper, the establishment of a multidimensional evaluation system would be discussed from the aspects of drug naming and prescription composition, safety risk and supply guarantee of raw materials and medicinal materials, competition situation, access to policy catalogue, scientific and technological support, clinical evidence and recognition, systematical and standardized collection of information on product instructions, quality standards, policy catalogue, scientific and technological literature, market competition and clinical application of Chinese patent medicines. Through the objective evaluation index and the range of objective index, the multi-dimensional evaluation model on values and risks of Chinese patent medicine products was discussed. Based on this model, a batch of Chinese patent medicine products can be quickly and comprehensively analyzed, and quantitative comparison can be formed among different types and fields of products. According to the evaluation results of the model and the comprehensive evaluation of experts, high-quality "seed" products can be selec-ted, laying a solid foundation for the next step of large variety cultivation. With use of this model, we can further clarify the external competitive advantages and internal priority levels of each product, and provide support for enterprises to optimize product structure and improve product strategic layout.
China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nonprescription Drugs/adverse effects* ; Quality Control