Objective To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1)in patients with acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AECOPD)treated with glucocorticoids.Methods The serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISA in 41 patients with AECOPD before and after treatment with glucocorticoids and in 40 patients with regular methods(control group).Results ①After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9(189.25±52.38)μg/L、TIMP-1(198.38±43.45)μg/L,ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1(0.92±0.37)were decreased significantly than before((246.10±68.64)μg/L,(217.63±62.34)μg/L,(1.09±0.23))(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05);but there were no differences(P>0.05)in regular methods(control group);② After treatment with glucoeorticoids, FEV_1、FEV_1%((0.83±0.35)L,(46±17)%)were impmved than before((0.72±0.48)L,(34±15)%)(P<0.05).Conclusions After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9、TIMP-1、ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 from patients with COPD were decreased significandy,and FEV_1、FEV_1%were improved significant;Glucocorticoids can alleviate severs AECOPD to some degrees,which might be related to improving the imbalance of MMP-9/TIMP-1.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on the serum concentrations of S-100 β protein and neurone specific enolase (NSE) in elderly patients undergoing surgery.Methods One hundred ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 65 ～75 yr with a body mass index of ＜25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective hip joint replacement surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =50):control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 15 min before anesthesia induction in group D and was maintained 0.4 μg/(kg·h) until 30 min before operation end,while the same volume of normal saline was infused in group C.Anesthesia was induced by iv injection of sufentanil 0.4 μg/kg and propofol 1 ～ 2 mg/kg until loss of consciousness.Tracheal intubation was facilitated with 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium bromide and the patients were mechanically ventilated.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane by target controlled inhalation (TCI) (end-tidal concentration set at 1％～3％) and sufentanil 0.2 μg/(kg·h) in both groups.BIS was maintained at 40～60 during operation.Venous blood samples were obtained for determination of serum concentrations of S-100β protein and NSE before anesthesia (baseline),operation end and at 12h after operation.Patients were sent to Intensive Care Unit when operation end.All the patients were assessed for the development of delirium by experience research staff using Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit.The incidence of postoperative delirium within 24h after operation were recorded,and compared between the two groups.Results The serum concentrations of S-100β protein and NSE was significantly increased at T1～2 than at T0 in two groups.The total dose of each anesthetic (propofol,sevoflurane),the serum concentrations of S-1005 protein and NSE,and the incidence of postoperative delirium were significantly lower in group D than in group C (P＜0.05).Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can reduce the serum concentrations of S-100 β protein and NSE,and can also reduce the occurrence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip joint replacement surgery.Dexmedetomidine can provides cerebral protection in elderly patients undergoing surgery.

Objective To comparison of the quality of life in children with migraine and quality of life in children with primary epilepsy(EP)or Tourette's syndrome(TS).Methods There were 239 children with moderate migraine,the time of which lasted from 6 to 36(12.14?4.67)months,headache index 4-20(9.98?3.74).There were 250 cases and 424 cases with EP or TS,respectively,both team members were under good control with single drug therapy,the diagnosed according to the international classification of headache disorders-Ⅱ.The pediatric quality of life inventory,version 4.0,age 8-12 years,and child report forms were used to evaluate the quality of life in children with migraine and the other two kinds of samples by Bonferroni and Mann-Whitney tests.Results The scores of quality of life in children with moderate migraine were lower than those in children with EP(total score 69.06?10.48 vs 81.26?13.80;physical function scores 67.43?14.37 vs 83.14?14.70;psychological function scores 69.92?10.56 vs 80.26?14.32;emotional function scores 66.76?14.09 vs 80.90?18.93;social function scores 76.81?14.67 vs 83.36?17.40;school function scores 66.20?13.62 vs 76.52?13.80).The scores of quality of life in children with moderate migraine were lower than those in children with TS(total scores 69.06?10.48 vs 79.18?11.45;physical function scores 67.43?14.37 vs 81.52?12.61;psychological function scores 69.92?10.56 vs 77.90?12.28;emotional function scores 66.76?14.69 vs 74.07?16.34;social function scores 76.81?14.07 vs 89.06?16.23;school function scores 66.20?13.62 vs 70.35?16.96).Two sets of data between children with moderate migraine and those with EP,TS showed statistical significance(Pa

Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus and Hedysarum polybotrys belong to different genera, but have similar drug efficacy in traditional Chinese medicine theory, and H. polybotrys was used as the legal A. membranaceus var. mongholicus previously. In this study, similarities and differences between them were analyzed via their ITS/ITS2 fragments information. The ITS (internal transcribed spacer) regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced in two-way. The alignment lengths of ITS regions were 616 bp, in which 508 loci were consistent, and 103 loci were different, accounting for 82.47% and 16.72% of the total ITS nucleotides in length, respectively. As genotype determines phenotype, 1HNMR-based metabolomic approach was further used to reveal the chemical similarities and differences between them. Thirty-four metabolites were identified in the 1H NMR spectra, and twenty-seven metabolites were the common components. Amino acids, carbohydrates and other primary metabolites were similar, while a large difference existed in the flavonoids and astragalosides. This study suggests that A. membranaceus var. mongholicus and H. polybotrys show similarities and differences from molecular and chemical perspectives, which has laid a foundation for elucidating the effective material basis of drug with similar efficacy and resources utilization.
Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; genetics ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics

Baicalin extremely fine powder was made by using ball-mill and the effect of micronization on the micromeritics properties of baicalin was studied and analyzed. The microstructures of baicalin ordinary and extremely fine powder were compared by scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter and X-ray diffraction and the powder characteristic of them was investigated. The hygroscopicity was studied. The effect of micronization on the dissolution of baicalin was investigated. The results showed that the chemical constituents of baicalin were not changed after micronization with better compressibility. It was confirmed that micronization technology had a certain application value in promoting the insoluble component of baicalin absorption with higher dissolution.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Solubility ; Wettability ; X-Ray Diffraction

The formulation for sustained release tablet of Epinedium component was selected and the evaluation equation of in vitro release was established. The liquidity of component was improved with the help of colloidal silica aided by spray drying, which would be the main drug in the sustained release tablets. Dissolution was selected as an evaluation index to investigate skeletal material type, fillers, impact porogen, lubricants and other materials on the quality of sustained release tablet. The sustained release tablets were prepared by dry compression. Formulation of sustained release preparations was main drug 35%, HPMC K(4M) 20% and HPMC K(15M) 10% as skeleton material, MCC 31% as filler, PEG6000 2% as porogen and magnesium stearate 2% as lubricant. The sustained release tablets released up to 80% in 8 h. The zero order equation, primary equation and Higuchi equation could simulate the release characteristics of sustained release tablets in vitro, the correlation coefficients r were larger than 0.96. The primary equation was most similar in vitro release characteristics and its correlation coefficient r was 0.9950. The preparation method is simple and the results of formulation selection are reliable. It can be used to guide the production of Epimedium component sustained release preparations.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Tablets ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare the dissolution characteristics of colloidal silica and porous silica as the solid dispersion carrier, with baicalin as the model drug.

METHODThe baicalin solid dispersion was prepared by the solvent method, with colloidal silica and porous silica as the carriers. In the in vitro dissolution experiment, the solid dispersion was identified by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning and X-ray diffraction.

RESULTThe solid dispersion carriers prepared with both colloidal silica and porous silica could achieve the purpose of rapid release. Along with the increase in the proportion of the carriers, the dissolution rate is accelerated to more than 80% within 60 min. Baicalin existed in the solid dispersion carriers in the non-crystalline form.

CONCLUSIONThe release behaviors of the baicalin solid dispersion prepared with two types of carrier were different. Among the two solid dispersion carriers, porous silica dissolved slowly than colloidal silica within 60 min, and they showed similar dissolutions after 60 min.

Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Colloids ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Porosity ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Solubility

Objective To investigate the construction and implementation of the concept of precise sequential therapy for primary liver cancer.Methods The clinical data of 207 patients with resectable liver cancer who were admitted to the Air Force General Hospital from May 2005 to June 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Of all the patients,81 received conventional therapy (conventional therapy group),and the other 126 patients received precise sequential therapy (precise sequential therapy group).The conditions of the patients in perioperative phase,during postoperative sequential treatment and the period of follow-up between the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed by using the covariance analysis,analysis of variance,chi-square test or rank sum test.Results The detection rates of lesions with a diameter less than 1 cm,operation time,liver resection volume,intraoperative blood loss,rate of perioperative blood transfusion,duration of postoperative hospital stay,incidences of postoperative complications were 81％ (22/27),( 186 ± 36) minutes,(75 ± 29) ml,( 189 ± 60) ml,24％(30/126),(21 ± 12)days and 13％ (17/126) in the precise sequential therapy group,and 18％ (2/11),(222 ± 30)minutes,(133 ±88)ml,(327 ±46)ml,51％ (41/81),(26 ± 17)days and 20％ (16/81) in the conventional therapy group,respectively,with significant differences between the 2 groups (F =10.876,7.390,46.996,31.025,14.556,6.315,4.017,P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was observed on the levels of alanine transaminase,albumin and the Child-Pugh score before and after the intervention in the precise sequential therapy group,but significant differences were observed in the conventional therapy group.The 1-,2-,3-year tumor recurrence rates and the 1-,2-,3-year survival rates were 17％ (21/126),22％ (17/76),26％ (8/31) and 87％ (110/126),87％ (66/76),84％ (26/31) in the precise sequential therapy group,and 31％ (25/81),38％ (27/71),48％(31/65 ) and 77％ (62/81),75％ (53/71 ) and 60％ (39/65) in the conventional therapy group,respectively.There were significant differences in the prognosis of the patients in the 2 groups ( x2 =4.958,4.292,4.168,4.062,3.640,5.470,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Through accurate assessment of the patients' condition before surgery,precise hepatectomy and precise postoperative intervention,the goal of effective control of tumor recurrence,maximum protection of the liver function and improvement of the survival rate can be achieved.

Objective:To study the clinical effects of Yishen-Shengxue Decoction on the prevention and treatment of bone marrow suppression in acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy. Methods:A total of 60 patients in Beijing Longfu Hospital from June 2018 to March 2020 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with western medicine and blood transfusion, while the observation group was treated with Yishen-Shengxue Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks. We recorded the occurrence time and duration of Ⅳ degree myelosuppression of the two groups, compared the score of symptoms and signs, injection volume of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and blood transfusion volume, and recorded the incidence of adverse reactions after chemotherapy. Results:The occurrence of myelosuppression in the observation group was significantly later than that of the control group (5.07 ± 0.87 d vs. 3.83 ± 1.15 d; t=4.695, P<0.01), and the duration of grade Ⅳ myelosuppression was significantly shorter than that of the control group (7.20 ± 0.76 d vs. 10.03 ± 1.30 d; t=10.305, P<0.01); The quantity of granulocyte colony stimulating factor injection in the observation group was significantly less than that of the control group (7.2 ± 0.8 vs. 10.0 ± 1.3, t=10.305), and the quantity of red blood cell suspension (2.5 ± 1.5 U vs. 4.7 ± 1.5 U, t=7.749) and platelet transfusion (1.7 ± 0.5 U vs. 3.1 ± 0.9 U, t=5.879) were significantly less than that of the control group ( P<0.01); the quantitative score of symptoms and signs in the observation group were significantly lower than thoseof the control group ( t values were 18.208, 15.129, respectively, all Ps<0.01). The adverse reactions of the patients in the observation group after chemotherapy were significantly less than those of the control group, and the incidence of infection, bleeding and ECG abnormalities were statistically significant ( χ2 values were 7.500, 10.000, 4.286, respectively, all Ps<0.01). Conclusion:Yishen-Shengxue Decoction is helpful to delay the occurrence of myelosuppression, and promote its recovery, reduce various adverse reactions during myelosuppression, and improve the quality of life.

AIM:To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK) with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with Oculus corneal topography.
METHODS:Totally 120 myopic patients (240 eyes) were collected who underwent femtosecond laser surgery LASIK from August to September 2013, and these patients can be followed up for 3mo. Tear break-up time ( BUT) and tear meniscus height ( TMH ) with Oculus corneal topography were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1wk;1, 2 and 3mo.
RESULTS: Oculus BUT: there existed obvious differences (P=0. 012, 0. 000, 0. 023<0. 05) in 1wk, 1 and 2mo compared with the preoperative level. While no such obvious difference ( P = 0. 236 > 0. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level. TMH:there existed obvious differences (P=0. 025, 0. 019, 0. 026<0. 05) in 1wk, 1 and 2mo compared with the preoperative level. No such obvious difference ( P = 0. 375>0. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level.
CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser surgery affects the stability of the tear film at a certain time and a certain extent. The mechanism related to many factors. It is temporary and lighted.