Subclinical hypothyroidism is a metabolic disease, defined by increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and accompanied by normal thyroid hormone levels. Recent years, many domestic and foreign studies have showed that sub?clinical hypothyroidism may be related with atherosclerosis and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, which increasing the risk and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with lipid metabolic disorders, hypertension, coagulation dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, abnormal glucose metabolism, homocysteine, C-reactive pro?tein and lipoprotein. At present, controversy persists on the subclinical hypothyroidism. The aim of this study is to review the correlation between cardiovascular diseases and subclinical hypothyroidism.

OBJECTIVE:To select the formula,preparation and quality evaluation of water-in-oil microemulsion. METHODS:Water-in-oil micromulsion has been formulated using Volp-5 as surfactant, several short chain alcohols as co-surfactants, and the different oils, pseudoternary phase diagrams have been constructed to evaluate the phase behavior of the formulations of the water-in-oil microemulsion, and the influence of mixing ratio of various elements on the area of microemulsion was also examined. The morphology, particle size, distribution and stability was assessed. RESULTS:The stable water-in-oil microemulsion was made. The microemulsion delivery could be prepared using Volp-5/ethanol/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/water (3∶2∶2∶4)system and no phase separation was observed in three months. CONCLUSION:The formulation provide a convenient means of the oral delivery taking advantage of microemulsion's merit, which is easy to prepare with consistent quality.

Cushing's syndrome is caused by the excessive secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex.Hypertension is one of the most distinguishing features of Cushing's syndrome,as it is present in about 80% of adult patients.The various pathogenetic mechanisms that have been proposed for the development of cortisol-induced hypertension in Cushing's syndrome and its management are discussed.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcomes of PCI in elder patient four years after the operation.Methods One hundred and one elder patients with ACS were divided into two groups according to the treatment during hospitalization:48 patients in the experimental group underwent primary PCI ;53 patients in control group underwent conservative treatment without PCI.For all the patients,the clinical data on admission and during the four-year follow-up were retrospectively analyzed and the incidence of cardiovascular events at different period,all-cause mortality and prognostic risk factors were compared.Results There was no statistical difference in baseline data between the two groups.The success rate of PCI in experimental group was 93.75％.Imaging examination suggested that the numbers of single vessel lesion,double- vessel lesion and three-vessel lesion were observed in 6,20 and 22 of the patients,respectively.One hundred and fifty-eight cases had lesions involved more than 70％ of the vascular diameter.The numbers of type A,B1,B2 and C vessel lesions were 12,36,48,and 62,respectively.There was no significant difference(8.33％ vs 9.43％,x2 =0.04,P =0.85 ) in the lost follow-up rates in the two groups in the four years' follow-up.The adverse cardiovascular events incidence inthe experimental group were significantly lower than that in the control group during the first 12 months after operation ( RR =2.89,x2 =3.83,P =0.05,RR95 ％ CI:1.00,8.35 ).The adverse cardiac events incidence in the experimental gr?up was significantly lower than in control group during the second 12 months after speration ( RR =3.18,x2 =6.55,P =0.01,RR95 ％ CI:1.09 - 9.29).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse cardiac events between the two groups during the 36 - 48 months after the operation.There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the two groups during the follow-up period ( x2 =2.22,P =0.14).The logistic regression analysis for the cardiac events and risk factors such as age,smoking,high blood pressure,Cr,CHO,TG,BS,UA,LDL-C and so on demonstrated that age ≥ 80 years,high blood Cr,BS,LDL-C and high blood pressure were risk factors for adverse cardiac events ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The adverse cardiac events incidence was significantly lower in elder patients with ACS who underwent PCI in the following 24 months after operation,but there was no significant difference in terms of the long-term survival rate and adverse cardiac events incidence between the two groups.Age ≥80 years and high blood Cr,BS,LDL-C,high blood pressure were risk factors for adverse cardiac events.

Aim Tostudytheantidepressanteffectand mechanism of Gross saponins of Tribulus terrestris. Methods Themodelofdepressionwasestablishedby unpredictable chronic mild stress(UCMS),then open filed test (OFT)and tail suspension test (TST)were used to evaluate the behavioral changes.LC-MS/MS method was employed to measure blood neurotransmit-ters.mRNA expressions of IDO,IL-10 and IL-1βwere detected by quantitative PCR method.Hippocampus protein expression was detected by Western blot.Re-sults Comparedwithcontrolgroup,modelgroup's total distance,number of standing and tail suspension fixed time increased significantly (P <0. 05 ),Neuro-transmitter level of 5-HT in the blood was significantly decreased(P<0. 05 ).mRNA expression of IDO and IL-1βwas increased in hippocampus.Protein expres-sion of IDO was significantly increased in hippocampus (P <0. 05 ).Compared with model group,the treat-ment group was significantly decreased in total distance,number of standing and tail suspension fixedtime(P<0. 05).Neurotransmitter level of 5-HT in the blood and mRNA expression of IL-10 in hippocampus were significantly increased after treatment (P <0. 05 ).mRNA and protein expression of IDO were ob-viously down-regulated in hippocampus (P <0. 05 ). Conclusions GrosssaponinsofTribulusterrestriscan obviously improve rat behavior and show antidepressanteffect,which can increase neurotransmitter level of 5-HT in the blood,down-regulate mRNA expression of IDO and IL-1β,and obviously increase protein expres-sion levels of IDO in hippocampus(P<0. 05 ).

Objective To investigate the changes and possible mechanisms of the expressions of metabolic pattern glutamic acid receptor 1(mGluR1) and mGluR3 in hippocampus of juvenile rats submitted to lithium chloride-pilocarpine induced model of epilepsy in 6 h,5 d,60 d after status epilepticus(SE) onset.Methods Seizures were induced in the juvenile rats with lithium and pilocarpine injected intraperito-neally,and behavioral changes and EEG were observed.Eighteen SD juvenile rats with SE were randomly divided into following groups: groupⅠ,in which the rats were killed at 6 h after SE onset(6 h SE),group Ⅱ,in which the animals were killed during the seizure-free period(5 days after SE onset),and group Ⅲ,in which the animals were killed in 60 days after SE induction(period of spontaneous recurrent seizures).And intraperitoneal injection of saline water control groups were divided into: groupⅠa,group Ⅱa and group Ⅲa.The hippocampus tissues after the rats were put to death were collected,the expressions of mGluR1 and mGluR3 mRNA were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in the hippocampus of juvenile rats.Results EEG of rats in group Ⅰ were abnormal,but normal in groupⅡ,and 5(83%) cases of the juvenile rats in group Ⅲ manifested dissemination of sharp waves,spikes or spike wave.The saline control group did not spontaneously attack.There was more significant upregulation of mGluR1 mRNA expression(Pa0.05).The expressional levels of mGluR3 mRNA were upregulated in groupⅠ,group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ(Pa

AIM: To study if the effect of arsenic sulfide combined with IFN-α can be increased on K562 cells. METHODS: Telomerase activity was determined by PCRELISA. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell apoptosis. The final concentration of IFN-α and arsenic sulfide was 10 000 U/mL and 0.6 mg/L. RESULTS: The rates of apoptosis was 37.8% and 37% in K562 cells treated with IFN-α or arsenic sulfide alone for 8 days; The rates of apoptosis and inhibition of telomerase activity was 59.9% and 81.2% in K562 cells treated with IFN-α and arsenic sulfide simultaneously for 8 days, or 60.37% and 78.8% in K562 cells was treated with arsenic sulfide for 5 days after affected by IFN-α for 3 days. 71.3% telomerase activity was inhibited in K562 cells by arsenic sulfide alone for 8 days. CONCLUSION: Combination of arsenic sulfide and IFN-α can increase the apoptosis and inhibit the telomerase activity of K562 cells obviously comparing with the two drugs used alone. IFN-α maybe promote arsenic sulfide inducing apoptosis of K562 cells.

Animals ; DNA Damage ; DNA Repair ; DNA-Activated Protein Kinase ; Humans

China ; epidemiology ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning ; epidemiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Workplace

AIM The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of immunosuppression on the periapical inflammation by estimating the expression of the cytokine IL-1? and TNF-? in periapical lesion of rat. METHODS Sixteen SD rats received cycolophosphamide injection weekly before pulp exposure for three weeks, another 16 animals received no medication as control group. The expressions of IL-1? and TNF-? mRNA in periapical lesion were detected by methods of in situ hybridization,and semi-quantified analyzed compared with control group. RESULTS IL-1? and TNF-? mRNA expressions in treated group increased progressively from 1 to 3 week, and declined somewhat at 4 week. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the area of the periapical lesion and the number of positive stained cell for IL-1? and TNF-?(IL-1?:r=0 881,P