OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features of capillary leak syndrome (CLS) in children with sepsis, and to analyze its risk factors.

METHODSClinical data of 384 children with sepsis was studied retrospectively. They included 304 cases of general sepsis, 54 cases of severe sepsis and 26 cases of septic shock, and were divided into non-CLS (n=356) and CLS groups (n=28). Univariate analysis was performed for each of the following variables: sex, age, malnutrition, anemia, coagulation disorders, white blood cell count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, blood glucose, lactic acid, Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) III score, pediatric critical illness score (PICS), severe sepsis and number of failed organs≥3. The statistically significant variables (as independent variables) were subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of CLS in children with septic shock, severe sepsis and general sepsis were 42.3%, 20.1% and 1.3%, respectively, with significant differences among them (P<0.01). There were significant differences in anemia, coagulation disorders, CRP, PCT>2 ng/mL, TNF, IL-1, IL-6, blood glucose, lactic acid, PRISM III score, PICS and number of failed organs≥3 between the non-CLS and CLS groups (P<0.05). Severe sepsis/shock and PRISM III score were the independent risk factors for CLS in children with sepsis.

CONCLUSIONSThe severity of sepsis and PRISM III score are positively correlated with the incidence of CLS in children with sepsis. Early monitoring of such factors as infection markers and blood glucose in children with severe sepsis and high PRISM III score may contribute to early diagnosis and effective intervention, thus reducing the mortality from CLS in children with sepsis.

Adolescent ; Capillary Leak Syndrome ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Sepsis ; complications

This study was aimed to explore the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in multiple myeloma (MM), and its correlation with plasma β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and staging of MM by Durie-Salmon (D-S) classification. The expression level of miR-21 in bone marrow mono-nuclear cells (BMMNC) of 43 patients with MM and 20 healthy individuals was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR), and the correlations among the expression level of miR-21 and related clinical pathologic features, plasma β2-MG and staging of MM by D-S classification were analyzed. The results showed that the expression of miR-21 in BMMNC of MM patients was obviously higher than that in normal controls (P < 0.05). The expression of miR-21 in BMMNC of relapsed/refractory MM patients was obviously higher than that in newly diagnosed MM patients. The expression of miR-21 in MM patients decreased after chemical therapy, especially in effective group (P < 0.05), there was no significant change of miR-21 expression level in ineffective/progressive group before and after chemical therapy (P > 0.05). The expression of miR-21 was related with staging of MM and plasma β2-MG level. It is concluded that the expression levels of miR-21 in BMMNC of MM patients are significantly higher than in normal bone marrow, these data indicated that miR-21 may play an important role in the development of MM. Super expression of miR-21 is positively correlated with level of plasma β2-MG and staging of MM by D-S classification.
Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; blood

OBJECTIVETo determine lobetyolin in the root of Codonopsis tangshen from the various cultivation areas.

METHODA Supelco Discovery C18 Column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was used with acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid in water (20:80) as the mobile phase and UV detection was at 268 nm.

RESULTTwenty-four batches of the samples were analyzed. The content of lobetyolin ranged from 0.0403-0.9667 mg x g(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe method was simple, reproducible and reliable. It can be used to control the quality of C. tangshen.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Codonopsis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polyacetylenes ; analysis ; Quality Control

Objective:To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expression of mitochondrial proteome in hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mouse prone g (SAMPg) mice models with Alzheimer disease (AD),and to explore the possible protective mechanism of acupuncture on mitochondria.Methods:Sixty 6-month-old male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into an acupuncture at acupoint group,an acupuncture at non-acupoint group and a model group,20 mice in each group.The 20 male senescence-accelerated mouse/resistance 1 (SAMR1) mice of the same age were used as a normal control group.Shenshu (BL 23),Baihui (GV 20),Xuehai (SP 10) and Geshu (BL 17) were selected for acupuncture intervention in acupuncture at acupoint group.After an 8-week intervention,mitochondrial tissues were extracted from the hippocampus.Differentially expressed proteins were identified by subcellular organelle proteomics.Western blot was used to verify the expressions of some related proteins in hippocampal mitochondria.Results:Compared with the model group,there were 13 differentially expressed protein spots in the acupuncture at acupoint group,of which,9 were up-regulated,including neurofilament light polypeptide (NFL),actin (cytoplasmic 1,database ID:ACTB),tubulin beta-2A chain (TBB2A),tropomodulin-2 (TMOD2),pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta (PDHE1-β),NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit (database ID:NDUS1),heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein (HSC71),pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (PDHE1-α) and ATP synthase beta subunit (ATP-β);4 were down-regulated,including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase 1 (PDP1),mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit alpha (MMP-α) and adenosine kinase (ADK).According to the information provided in the protein database,most of the differentially expressed proteins involve the regulation of mitochondrial function and structure.The expression levels of NFL and TBB2A in the normal control group and the acupuncture at acupoint group were significantly higher than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group (P＜0.05).ATP-β and NDUS1 expression levels were significantly higher in the acupuncture at acupoint group than those in the acupuncture at non-acupoint group (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference between the acupuncture at non-acupoint group and the model group (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Acupuncture may achieve the potential therapeutic effect on AD by regulating the structure and functional proteins of hippocampal mitochondria.

OBJECTIVESTo determine the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in testis and to investigate the effects of NO on the reproductive function of testis.

METHODSTestes of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. The paraffin sections were made as routine. Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to observe the localization of NOS.

RESULTSEndothelia NOS (eNOS), neuronal NOS (nNOS) and inductive NOS (iNOS) were all expressed in Leydig cells. Only eNOS was expressed in peritubular myoid cells, endothelial and smooth muscle cells of blood vessel, while only nNOS expressed in tunica adventitia of testicular blood vessels. The reactive substance distributes in cytoplasm with negative nuclei. Immunoreactivity for eNOS, nNOS and iNOS in all spermatogenic cells was negative.

CONCLUSIONSThree kinds of NOS were all expressed in testis and the distribution of different NOS had a little difference.

Animals ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; biosynthesis ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testis ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression variation and significance of Skp2 and p27(kip1) during the proliferation of lymphoma cell line Jurkat cells.

METHODSThe binding of p27(kip1) and Skp2 in Jurkat cells were detected by immunoprecipitation. Jurkat cells were treated with serum starvation and release synchronization. The expression variation and subcellular localization of p27(kip1) and Skp2 were detected by subcellular fractionation, Western blot and double immunofluorescence labelling.

RESULTSThe results of immunoprecipitation suggested that p27(kip1) and Skp2 could bind each other in Jurkat cells. During the proliferation of Jurkat cells, the protein expression of p27(kip1) decreased and intranuclear p27(kip1) decreased significantly, while the Skp2 protein increased and cytoplasmic Skp2 increased significantly.

CONCLUSIONDuring the proliferation of Jurkat cells, the increased cytoplasmic synthesis of Skp2 may speed up p27(kip1) degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, then intranuclear p27(kip1) decreases significantly, leading to an increased cell cycling activity.

Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Humans ; Jurkat Cells ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Protein Binding ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins ; metabolism

Animals ; Asia ; epidemiology ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; history ; virology ; Mutation

OBJECTIVEThis study examined the levels of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and peripheral blood eosinophils (EOS) as well as the correlation between the two markers in children with bronchial asthma (AS),AS complicated by allergic rhinitis (AS/AR) and chronic cough variant asthma (CVA), in order to explore the value of eNOS detection in children with AS.

METHODSThe eNO level was measured using light-emitting electrochemical photometry in 12 children with AS, 29 children with AS/AR and 10 children with CVA. Peripheral blood EOS was counted by blood cell counter (Coulter JT). Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was assessed by lung function measurement. Thirty children without atopic disease and acute respiratory infection as well as without a family history of atopic diseasea served as the control group.

RESULTSThe levels of eNO and blood EOS in the AS, the AS/AR and the CVA groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.01). The AS/AR group showed increased levels of eNO (50.3 + or - 6.7 ppb) and EOS (5.9 + or -4.2 x 109 ) compared with the AS (30.5 + or - 8.8 ppb and 4.2 + or - 3.2 x 109 respectively) and the CVA groups (26.0 + or - 3.2 ppb and 3.7 + or - 6.9 x 109 respectively) (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in eNO and EOS levels between the AS and the CVA groups. The eNO level was positively correlated with the EOS level (r=0.51, p<0.05), but not with FEV1 (r=0.144, p>0.05) in the AS group.

CONCLUSIONSNO is highly expressed in children with symptoms of atopy and can reflect the levels of eosinophilic airway inflammation in children with AS.

Adolescent ; Asthma ; blood ; physiopathology ; Breath Tests ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eosinophils ; physiology ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Male ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo examine the differences in the expression of HSP27 and c-kit between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic cancer (PCa) tissues and to analyse the relationship between their expression and BPH and PCa, especially the relationship with the occurrence, development, prognosis and treatment of PCa.

METHODSAn immunohistochemical staining (SP method) for HSP27 and c-kit was undertaken on 40 BPH and 40 PCa tissues samples.

RESULTSConsistent patterns of cytoplasmic staining for HSP27 were seen in all sections of tissue from BPH. The glandular epithelium stained very strongly positively and the stroma stained positively. The staining for HSP27 in PCa tissues was located in the cytoplasm of glandular epithelia, but the expression of HSP27 in PCa was higher than BPH (P < 0.05). The staining for c-kit in BPH tissues was located in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells, and in PCa tissues was located in epithelial cells. The expression of c-kit in PCa tissues was lower than BPH (P < 0.05). The expression level of both HSP27 and c-kit were decreased with the development of grade of PCa (P < 0.05); HSP27 was increased with the development of clinical stage of PCa (P < 0.05 ); c-kit was decreased with the development of clinical stage of PCa (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe expression level of HSP27 and c-kit was highly correlated with the process of the development from BPH to PCa, and also correlated with tumor grades and stages. The expression of HSP27 and c-kit may be used as an important pathological index and may be helpful for the treatment of PCa.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; Heat-Shock Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; biosynthesis

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of two modeling methods of CARTO3 system for radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) patients. Methods: A total of 150 PAF patients with RFCA were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group A: using conventional point-to-point mapping to guide circumferential pulmonary vein isolation; Group B, using fast anatomical modeling to guide circumferential pulmonary vein RFCA; Group C, using combined application of 2 mapping methods to guide circumferential pulmonary vein RFCA. n=50 in each group and the rest operative procedures were the same in 3 groups. The operative time, X-ray exposure time, success rate and complication rates were recorded in 3 groups; the size of left atrium and systolic function of left ventricle at pre- and 6 months post-operation were compared. Results: Compared with Group A and Group B, Group C had the shorter operative time and X-ray exposure time, P<0.05;the success rates were similar among 3 groups. No serious complication occurred in all 3 groups. Echocardiography presented that compared with pre-operative condition, the size of left atrium and LVEF were similar at 6 months post-operation. Conclusion: Combined using of two modeling methods of CARTO3 system was safe and effective for RFCA in PAF patients; it may reduce the operative time and X-ray exposure time, improve the accuracy of circumferential pulmonary vein locating and help guiding RFCA of PAF at certain degree.