AIM: To compare and analyze the stereopsis of intermittent exotropia children under the different backgrounds of dynamic stimuli and static stimuli.
METHODS: We collected 56 children ( male 26, female 30 with intermittent exotropia at the age from 5y to 12y and examined their stereopsis under the different backgrounds of dynamic stimuli and static stimuli using a multidimensional sense perception training software. The differences between the dynamic stereopsis and static stereopsis were compared.
RESULTS: Totally 17 cases ( 30%) had both dynamicstereopsis and static stereopsis, 39 cases ( 70%) had either dynamic or static stereopsis deficit, only 10 cases ( 26%) had dynamic stereopsis, 25 cases ( 64%) static stereopsis left and 4 cases ( 10%) were without any form of stereopsis. The positive rate of dynamic stereopsis was better than the positive rate of static stereopsis, with statistical significance (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Dynamicstereopsis is better than the static stereopsis to intermittent exotropia children.

Objective To evaluate the body burden of Cadmium(Cd) in normal children from Shenyang city,and to analyze the effect of Cd on kidney.Furthermore,to investigate the influences of living factors on the level of Cd in children,so as to make recommendations for children's health.Methods The subjects was composed of 1 170 healthy children recruited from 0 to 17 years old by cluster random sampling method.They were divided into three groups(0-5 years old group,6-11 years old group,12-17 years old group).Questionnaires were used to obtain essential information about age,gender,weight,socioeconomic status,medication,and so on.Second morning urine samples were collected to make routine analyses,urinary Cd(Cdob),urine microalbumin(MALB) and α1-microglobulin(α1-MG).Results 1.A total of 1 070 children including 544 males and 526 females were enrolled.2.The concentration of Cdob increased with age,in agreement with the level of urinary Cd corrected by urine specific gravity (Cdsg).However,the level of Cd in urine corrected by urinary creatinine(Cdcr) presented the opposite status with the age increasing.3.Cdcr and urine MALB adjusted by urinary creatinin(MALBcr) revealed a positive correlation(rs =0.45,P ＜ 0.01).4.Preference values for Cdob and Cdsg,Cdcr respectively were:0-5 years old ＜0.56 μg/L,＜0.83 μg/L and ＜2.17 μg/g Cr;6-11 years old ＜0.65 μg/L,＜1.01 μg/L and ＜1.23 μg/g Cr;12-17 years old ＜0.74 μg/L,＜1.15 μg/L and ＜ 1.25 μg/g Cr.Conclusions There is an age-dependent cumulative increases in Cdob.Although renal damage was not found in this study,the uptake of Cd should be reduced as much as possible and it is necessary to strengthen the follow-up study of Cdob in body burden.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of sodium Danshensu inBawei Qidan Capsule.Methods HPLC was applied and the determination was performed on Shim-pack CLC-ODS C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) with methanol-water- acetic acid (7∶92∶1, V/V/V) solution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength at 281 nm. The column temperature was 30℃, and injection volume was 10μL.Results Through methodological study, the linear range of sodium Danshensu was 0.494 4-4.944μg (r=0.9996), the average recovery was 97.20%, RSD=1.13%.Conclusion The HPLC method for the content determination of sodium Danshensu inBawei QidanCapsule was user-friendly, accurate and reliable, with good repeatability and stability, which can be used for quality control ofBawei Qidan Capsule.

Objective To explore the effects of rhubarb navel therapy on fecal continence in rectal cancer patients with colostomy.Methods 60 patients with colostomy were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 30 patients in each group.Patients in the control group received routine therapy and health education whereas the experimental group received 30-day extra rhubarb navel therapy started on the 15th day after the operation.The two groups were compared in postoperative 3 months with the following factors:the functions of colostomy and the formation of bowel regularity.Results The scores of the scale about the functions of permanent abdominal colostomy were improved in both groups.However,the score in the experimental group was much higher than that in the control group.The number of patients forming bowel regularity in the experimental group was more than that in the control group (19 and 4 cases respectively).Conclusions Rhubarb navel therapy is beneficial to rectal cancer patients with colostomy to improve the functions of colostomy and form the bowel regularity.

Objective To explore the reasons for disharmony between medical staff and medical staff because of electronic clinical ordering,to specificate electronic medical order in ward in order to create a harmonious relationship between doctors and nurses. Methods The methods of qualitative research conducted in-depth interviews of 12 medical staff, field recordings and transcripts, and the method of content analysis were used. Results Two themes were sublimated:medical staff reasons:lack of communication between the medical staff;new doctors didn't have a good command of medical norms of specialist electronic orders; on the responsibility of checking the doctor's advice problems may lead to potential adverse events occurrence. System equipment reason: the electronic doctor's advice system set up the problem; the office computer quantity is insufficient. Conclusions Nonstandard electronic medical management leads to the disharmony of health care. It is suggested to standardize the management of electronic medical advice by implementation of the responsibility to avoid medical coupling errors. The health care workers need to strengthen communication, mutual understanding and forgiveness, in order to create a harmonious medical environment.

Humans ; Industry ; Occupational Exposure ; classification ; Occupational Health ; Reference Standards

Adult ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; etiology ; therapy ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; surgery ; Rituximab

Objective To study the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt at household level based on the salt surveillance results from 2004 to 2011,and to provide a scientific basis for setting up appropriate control strategies to iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Iodized salt monitoring results in Hainan Province from 2004 to 2011 were collected with retrospective method.Coverage rate of iodized salt,qualified rate of iodized salt and consumption rate of qualified iodized salt were calculated at the provincial,city(county) levels and on geographic distribution (coastal,plains and mountains).Qualified iodized salt criteria was set as (35 ± 15)mg/kg,unqualified iodized salt criteria was set as 5 to ＜ 20 mg/kg or ＞ 50 mg/kg,and criteria of non-iodized salt was set as ＜ 5 mg/kg.Results From 2004 to 2011,at provincial level,the median of iodized salt was raised from 30.25 mg/kg to 32.14 mg/kg; the iodized salt coverage rate,the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was raised from 77.81％ (4780/6143) to 96.06％ (5890/6132),90.48％ (4325/4780) to 98.72％(5815/5890),and 70.41％(4325/6143) to 94.83％(5815/6132),respectively.From 2004 to 2011,at city (county) level,the proportion of iodized salt coverage rate that higher than 90.00％,of qualified rate of iodized salt that higher than 95.00％ and of consumption rate of qualified iodized salt that higher than 90.00％ was raised from 44.45％(8/18) to 88.89％(16/18),16.67％(3/18) to 100.00％(18/18),and 22.22％(4/19) to 88.89％(16/18),respectively.The iodized salt coverage rate in the coastal and plain townships was raised from 70.55％(1440/2041) to 95.02％(1869/1967),and 75.36％ (1762/2338) to 96.24％(2331/2422),respectively.The iodized salt coverage rate in mountainous townships maintained at 89.46％ (1578/1764)-97.46％ (1690/1734) in the 8 years.There were 2 counties where the iodized salt coverage rate was less than 90％.There were 9 and 4 townships,where the iodized salt coverage rate was less than 90％ in coastal and plain townships,respectively,in 2011.Conclusions The rate of qualified iodized salt has been raised in Hainan Province,but part of coastal and plain townships (towns) are still serious in non-iodized salt problem.Comprehensive intervention on iodine deficiency disorders should be strengthened in these areas.

Objective To analyze the bloodstream infections caused by vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus (VRE)in West China Hospital and examine the risk factors of such infections for best control of VRE infections .Methods Case‐control method was used to compare the bloodstream infections due to VRE with those caused by vancomycin‐susceptible Enterococcus(VSE)from August 2010 to August 2014 in West China Hospital .The data were compared by T‐test ,Chi‐square test (univariate analysis) and logistic regression analysis (multivariate analysis) using SPSS 19 .0 software .Results A total of 31 VRE strains were isolated from bloodstream infections in the study period ,including 5 (16 .1 % ) strains of vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis and 26 (83 .9 % )strains of vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecium .In the past four years ,the prevalence of vancomycin‐resistant E . f aecalis in bloodstream infections was 1 .5% ,1 .6% ,1 .8% ,and 1 .2% ;while the prevalence of vancomycin‐resistant E . f aecium in bloodstream infections was 3 .8% ,4 .4% ,5 .8% ,and 7 .1% .Such VRE bloodstream infection was mainly found in Intensive Care Unit (ICU)(13 ,41 .9% )and Department of Neurosurgery (4 ,12 .9% ) .More than 90% of the isolates were resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin .But less than 20% of the strains were resistant to quinupristin‐dalfopristin and linezolid . Univariate analysis indicated that prolonged hospital stay , ICU admission , venous catheter ,prior carbapenem exposure , prior vancomycin/norvancomycin exposure were associated with VRE bloodstream infections .Logistic regression analysis confirmed that venous catheter was an independent risk factor of VRE bloodstream infections .Conclusions Venous catheter is an independent risk factor for VRE bloodstream infections . Infection control measures should be strengthened to prevent the outbreak of VRE‐related bloodstream infections .

Objective To investigate the effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on the pathogenesis of preeclampsia disease,by detecting the expression of PEDF in the placentas,as well as the relationship between PEDF and the production of placental vessels.Methods A study was performed in 60 cases of pregnant women with preeclampsia in the obstetrical department of Nanfang Hospital affiliated to southern medical university from October 2011 to January 2013,in which 30 cases were patients with mild preeclampsia(mPE) and other 30 cases were those with severe preeclampsia (sPE).40 normal pregnant women who also been hospitalized and delivered were selected as control group.The expression of PEDF and micro-vessel density (MVD) in placentas were assayed by using western blot and SP immunohistochemical method,then the relationship between PEDF and MVD was analyzed.Results (1) The pathological changes of placentas:the placental weight were lightened obviously in the mild preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia groups,the reduced blood vessels and luminal stegnosis were found in chorionic villus,basement membrane of trophocytes were thickening.The hyperplasia syneytiotrophoblast were like nodosity,with focus infarction,fibrinoid necrosis,or thrombogenesis.While there was no the above mentioned pathological alteration in normal control group.(2)The levels of PEDF expression in mild and severe preeclampsia group were 0.63 ± 0.09,0.93 ± 0.07,while 0.47 ± 0.04 in control group,which in mild and sever preeclampsia groups were significantly higher than that in normal group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to mild preeclampsia group,the expression of PEDF was significantly increased in severe preeclampsia group,there was statistical significance between the difference (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The amount of microvessel density (MVD) in mild and severe preeclampsia group were 106 ±9,93 ±8,while 136 ±9 in control group,which were significantly reduced in mild and severe preeclampsia group,compared to that in normal control group (P ＜ 0.05).And it was significantly lower in severe preeclampsia group than that in mild preeclampsia group (P ＜ 0.05).(4) The expression of PEDF was negatively correlated with the amount of MVD in mild and severe preeclampsia group (r =-0.426,P ＜ 0.05 ; and r =-0.646,P ＜ 0.05 respectively),which was also negative in control group (r =-0.589,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Increased PEDF expression in placentas of women with preeclampsia induce the dysfunction of the placental vascular reconstruction and the pathological alteration like ischemic and hypoxia in placentas,which may be involved in pathogenesis and pathogenic progress of preeclampsia.