OBJECTIVE:To select the formula,preparation and quality evaluation of water-in-oil microemulsion. METHODS:Water-in-oil micromulsion has been formulated using Volp-5 as surfactant, several short chain alcohols as co-surfactants, and the different oils, pseudoternary phase diagrams have been constructed to evaluate the phase behavior of the formulations of the water-in-oil microemulsion, and the influence of mixing ratio of various elements on the area of microemulsion was also examined. The morphology, particle size, distribution and stability was assessed. RESULTS:The stable water-in-oil microemulsion was made. The microemulsion delivery could be prepared using Volp-5/ethanol/caprylic-capric-triglyceride/water (3∶2∶2∶4)system and no phase separation was observed in three months. CONCLUSION:The formulation provide a convenient means of the oral delivery taking advantage of microemulsion's merit, which is easy to prepare with consistent quality.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of progesterone tablets in the patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and the influence on cellular immunity factor.Methods: Totally 90 cases of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion patients were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group (45 ones in each).After pregnancy, the control group was given intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, and the observation group started to be treated with progesterone tablets on the 35th day after menolipsis.The levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IFN-γ were determined, and the expression of T helper lymphocytes (Th17/CD4+), regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg/CD4+) and T helper lymphocytes regulatory T lymphocytes (Th17/Treg) was compared before and after the treatment.The pregnancy success rate and abortion rate were compared between the groups after the treatment, and adverse reactions were also observed.Results: After the treatment, the expression levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the expression levels of IL-17 in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the differences between the groups were significant (P＜0.05);after the treatment, the expression of Th17/CD4+ and Th17/Treg in the two groups decreased, and that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group;after the treatment, the expression of Treg/CD4+ in the two groups increased, and that in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was significant (P＜0.05);after the treatment, the expression of IFN-γ in the two groups decreased, and that in the observation group was lower than that in the control group;after the treatment, the pregnancy rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group with lower abortion rate, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion: Progesterone tablets in the treatment of unexplained recurrent abortion patients show significant effects, and can effectively improve the cellular immune factor in the patients, which is worth promoted application in clinics.

Adolescent ; Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Tachycardia, Supraventricular ; etiology ; pathology

Objective: To determine the plasma MMP-9 levels in patients with coronary heart disease before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in healthy controls before and after coronary angiography, so as to assess the value of MMP-9 in evaluating the plaque stability in atherosclerosis. Methods: The plasma MMP-9 levels were determined by ELISA in 29 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 34 patients with unstable angina (UAP), 27 patients with stable angina (SAP), and 28 healthy controls. Meanwhile, their serum hs-CRP levels were measured by particle-enhanced immunonephelometry. Results: The baseline level of MMP-9 was higher in AMI group (171.30 ng/ ml) than those in SAP (52.00 ng/ml, P<0.01) and control (52.75 ng/ml, P<0.01) groups, and was higher in UAP group (143.55 ng/ml) than those in SAP and the control groups (P<0.05). The serum level of hs-CRP was higher in AMI group (5.260 mg/L) than those in UAP (2.040 mg/L, P<0.01), SAP (1.070 mg/L, P<0.01), and the control (0.550 mg/L, P<0.01) groups, and was higher in UAP group than those in the SAP (P<0.05) and the control groups (P<0.01). The levels of MMP-9 were obviously decreased after operation. The change of MMP-9 (ΔMMP-9) in AMI group (135.40 ng/ ml) was more obvious than those in SAP (29.50 ng/ml, P<0.01) and the control (26.50 ng/ml, P<0.01) groups. ΔMMP-9 in UAP (103.05 ng/ml) group was more obvious than those in SAP and the control groups (P<0.05). The plasma levels of MMP-9 were positively correlated with the levels of hs-CRP; neither MMP-9 nor hs-CRP was correlated with Gensini score or the number of diseased arteries. Conclusion: Plasma levels of MMP-9 and hs-CRP can be used for evaluation of plaque stability in coronary atherosclerosis. The post-PCI decrease of plasma MMP-9 level may be related to the improvements of ischemia and inflammation.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of E cadherin (E cd) and proliferation related antigen Ki67 and their roles in the mechanism of invasion and metastasis of non small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC). Methods The expression levels of E cd and Ki67 antigen were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The positive rates of E cd in the cases of Ⅲ Ⅳ stage and Ⅰ Ⅱ stage were 33 3% and 65 7%, respectively, but those of Ki67 were 96 3% and 68 6%. The expression levels of E cd and Ki67 in cases with metastasis were significantly different from those in cases without metastasis. Conclusion The expression levels of E cd and Ki67 are closely associated with invasion and metastasis of NSCLC. The expression level of E cd is negatively correlated with that of Ki67 in NSCLC.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) for nonpalpable breast masses.Methods Two hundred and one nonpalpable breast masses in 176 women who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy or operation were examined with the B-mode sonography and VTQ.The pathologic diagnosis was used as the golden standard.The diagnostic performances of the two methods were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC).Results The mean shear wave velocity (SWV) measurement values were (6.17 ± 1.95)m/s in malignant masses and (3.39± 1.82)m/s in benign masses(P ＜0.01),respectively.The area under the ROC curve was 0.789 for the VTQ and 0.840 for the BI-RADS-US,respectively.No statistically difference was found between them.The area under the ROC curve of the combination of the two methods was 0.934,the diagnostic performance of the combination was better than that of BLRADS-US(P ＜0.01)and VTQ alone (P ＜0.01).Conclusions VTQ is a good method for diagnosing nonpalpable breast lesions.The combination of BI-RADS-US and VTQ has better diagnostic perform ance for differentiation of nonpalpable breast lesions,which has important value in clinical application.

Objective To inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in human kidney tubular epithelial cell(HKC) with specific small interference RNA(siRNA),then to observe whether the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) on HKC could be influenced.Methods HKCs were transfected with MMP-2,MMP-9 siRNA or irrespective siRNA respectively,untransfected HKC was considered as blank control.Four groups of HKCs were stimulated with 100nmol/L phorbol myristate acetate(PMA) for 18h.Total RNA or protein of cells were extracted with Trizol and RIPA cell lysate respectively,the mRNA expression levels of MMP-2,MMP-9 and ICAM-1 were detected by real time PCR,the protein expression levels of above indexes were detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence combined with confocal laser microscopy.Results The specific siRNA could inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in HKCs effectively.Immunofluorescence combined with confocal assay demonstrated that while HKCs was stimulated with PMA,the expression of ICAM-1 was up-regulated,which was significantly up-regulated in the group transfected with MMP-9 siRNA(P0.05).Conclusions The inhibitory expression of MMP-9 of HKC may up-regulate the expression of ICAM-1,implying that,besides taking part in the degradation of extracellular matrix,MMP-9 may throw an influence on the proceeding of renal fibrosis by inflammatory pathway.

0.05).But age had distinct influence on symptom survey(P

Objective To investigate the effect of over-expressed Cyr61 on the expression of extracellular matrix of human renal tubular epithelial cells(HKC), and explore the role of Cyr61 in the pathogenesis and development of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD). Methods Cyr61 gene cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR. A recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1+ Cyr61 was constructed by cloning Cyr61 gene into pcDNA3.1. HKC cells were transfected with wild-type Cyr61 plasmid vector (pcDNA3.1+Cyr61). Then the fusion of Cyr61 gene and expression of its protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The mRNA expression of Cyr61, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅳ, and laminin were determined in four groups (the untransfected cells, pcDNA3.1 transfected cells, pcDNA3.1+Cyr61 -transfected cells and cyst-lining epithelial cells) by fluorescence quantum PCR. Results The amount of Cyr61 protein in Cyr61-transfected cells and cyst-lining epithelial cells were much greater than the control. The mRNA expression of Cyr61, collagen Ⅰ, collagen Ⅳ and laminin in Cyr61-transfected cells were all amplified significantly, and the level of collagen Ⅳwas much higher than collagen I(P

Objective To compare the applicability between ARF special severity scoring systems and intensive care unit (ICU) general severity scoring systems on predicting the hospital mortality of critical acute renal failure (ARF) patients. Methods The data of 29 patients with critical ARF were retrospectively analyzed. Two ARF special severity scoring models, acute tubular necrosis individual severity index (ATN-ISI) and Stuivenberg hospital acute renal failure scores (SHARF), and 3 ICU general severity scoring models, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), APACHE Ⅲ, Mortality Prediction Model Ⅱ (MPM Ⅱ), were used in the analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn up to assess the ability of these models in hospital mortality discrimination. Results All severity scores of the patients in survivor group (n=9) were lower than those of the patients in non-survivor group (n=20). There were statistical differentiations in the scores of ATN-ISI, APACHE Ⅱ, MPM Ⅱ-24h, MPM Ⅱ-72h between the survivor group and the non-survivor group (P