Objective To analyse the failure reason in transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect(VSD) ,in order to improve the succeeding rate of occlusive operation on screening VSD patients with echocardiography. Methods Echocardiographic datas were summarized in 50 cases who were failed in VSD occlusion. Results Atrio-ventricular block was occurred in 14 patients,residual shunt was visualized in 13 cases,transcatheter occlusive track could not be set up in 19 cases,arotic valve regurgitation in two cases were screened obviously after occlusive device was released into the intracristal VSD. One case was suffered from cononary heart disease(CAD) and another one was suffered from acute myocardial infarction with ventricular septal perforation. All these patients did not succeed in closure procedure. Conclusions The defect sizes of left and right sides of ventricular septal, structure close to defect must be considered in selecting patients before operation by echocardiography. Occlusion operation should be strictly chosen in cases who were children,or suffered from complex VSD,or senior patients with CAD.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of interventional ventricular septal defect(VSD) occlusion using asymmetric occluders in patients whose VSD are adjacent to aortic valves.Methods One hundred and fifty-two patients from our hospital whose VSD were occluded with asymmetric occluders were examined by echocardiography.Dimensions,shapes and shunts of VSD,structures around defects were observed and aortic valve prolapse(AVP) degrees were accessed before the interventions.The patients were followed up periodically after the procedures.The longest follow-up was 6 years.Results Sizes of VSD measured from left ventricular side were larger than those measured from right ventricular side.Twenty-seven cases with VSD had mild AVP.Right sides of defects had adhesions with variable morphological patterns in 85% patients with perimembranous VSD.After occlusion,there were 7 cases showed residual shunt,2 cases with the third degree atrio-ventricular blockages,3 cases appeared aortic-valve regurgitations (AR) and 1 case with slightly increased AR.Conclusions Immediate and medium-term effects of interventional occlusion with asymmetric occluders were satisfactory in the patients with VSD and mild AVP whose aortic valve margin were insufficient to symmetric occluders.Surgical operation should be preferred to patients with VSD and moderate to severe AVP and to very young children.Pre-closure echocardiographic evaluation is critical to the success of interventional closure with asymmetric occluder and the long-term out coming.

Tetradrine-tashionone II(A)-PLGA composite microspheres were prepared by the SPG membrane emulsification method, and the characterization of tetradrine-tashionone II(A) -PLGA composite microspheres were studied in this experiment. The results of IR, DSC and XRD showed that teradrine and tashionone II(A) in composite microspheres were highly dispersed in the PLGA with amorphous form. The results of tetradrine-tashionone II(A) -PLGA composite microspheres in vitro release experiment showed that the cumulative release amounts of tetradrine and tashionone II(A) were 6.44% and 3.60% in 24 h, and the cumulative release amounts of tetradrine and tashionone II(A) were 89.02% and 21.24% in 17 d. The process of drug in vitro release accorded with the model of Riger-Peppas. Tetradrine-tashionone II(A) -PLGA composite microspheres had slow-release effect, and it could significantly reduce the burst release, prolong the therapeutic time, decrease the dosage of drugs and provide a new idea and method to prepare traditional Chinese medicine compound.
Benzofurans ; chemistry ; Benzylisoquinolines ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry

Background The underlying mechanism of choroidal neovascularization(CNV) is multifactorial and complex.Focal adhesion kinase(FAK) plays a crucial role in controlling essential cellular processes and influencing distinct steps of the angiogenic response.But to our knowledge,seldom study on the effect of FAK on CNV formation has been reported previously.Objective In this study,the effect of several CNV risk factors on the expression of FAK in cultured retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) cells was investigated to illuminate effect of FAK on CNV.Methods Human RPE cells were isolated from donor eyes and exposed to H2O2,swallow of outer segment of photoreceptors(POS) and extracellular matrix(ECM) separately with the treating as follows:RPE cells were co-cultured with 10,20,50 and 100μmol/L H2O2 for 20 days;POS(1×106/ml) were co-cultivated with RPE cells for 20 days(setting control group,POS group,hypoxia group with 200μmol/L CoCl2,and POS+hyoxia group);RPE cells were cultured on the plates coated with 100mg/L fibronectin(FN),laminin(LN) or collagen typeⅠfor 30minutes or 1 hour.The expression of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were examined by Western blot analysis.Results FAK was highly expressed in the 20μmol/L and 50μmol/L H2O2 groups compared with control group(P＜0.01);while he expression level of pFAK was reduced after treated with H2O2 in comparison with the control group(P＜0.01).After cultured with POS for 20 days,the undigested lysosome could be observed in RPE cells.The expressions of FAK and pFAK in RPE cells were not significantly changed between control group and POS groups(P＞0.05),but those in hypoxia group were significantly up-regulated in comparison with control group(P＜0.01).Compared with the hypoxia group,the expression amount of pFAK was elevated in POS+hyoxia group(P＜0.01).In comparison with control group,the increased pFAK expression was seen in FN,LN and collagen typeⅠtreating for 1-hour groups(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion FAK pathway participates in several CNV-initiated signaling,such as H2O2,POS and ECM,in cultured RPE cells.It is reasonable to believe that FAK potentially plays an important role in CNV-dependent disorder.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus electroacupuncture (EA) for treating peripheral facial paralysis and its influence on patients' facial nerve functions, facial disability index and clinical symptoms and signs. Methods: A total of 96 peripheral facial paralysis patients were allocated into an observation group, a medicine group and an EA group by simple randomization, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the medicine group were treated with oral mecobalamine and prednisone acetate; patients in the EA group were treated with EA on the basis of the medicine treatment; while patients in the observation group were treated with acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA. After 4-week treatment, the clinical efficacy, the adverse events, and the scores of House-Brackmann (H-B) facial nerve function grading scale, visual analog scale (VAS), clinical symptoms and signs, and facial disability index (FDI) were compared. Results: After 4-week treatment, the total effective rate was 96.9％ in the observation group, higher than 68.7％ in the medicine group and 75.0％ in the EA group (both P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the scores of H-B grading scale, VAS and clinical symptoms and signs in the three groups dropped significantly compared with those before treatment, and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the medicine group and EA group (all P<0.05). After 4-week treatment, the facial disability index-physical function (FDIP) in the FDI in the three groups increased significantly, with a higher value in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). The facial disability index-social function (FDIS) in the FDI dropped significantly, with a lower score in the observation group compared with that in the medicine group and EA group (both P<0.05). However, the comparisons of the items above between the medicine group and the EA group showed no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The between-group comparison of the adverse event across the three groups showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint sticking therapy with Mian Tan Gao (facial paralysis paste) plus EA can decrease H-B grade, reduce pain severity and improve clinical symptoms and signs as well as the facial disability condition in peripheral facial paralysis patients. This method produced more significant efficacy compared with oral medicine and medicine plus EA.

This study was purposed to investigate the role of cytokines in pathogenesis of lymphoma-associated anemia. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and EPO in serum from 45 lymphoma patients and 12 normal controls were detected by using ELISA, the EPOR level on bone marrow cells were detected by flow cytometry, the CFU-E of bone marrow cultured in vitro was counted under inverted microscope. The results showed that 25 (55.6%) out of 45 newly diagnosed lymphoma patients had anemia before diagnosis, 13 (28.9%) had anemia during therapy, 7 (15.5%)never had anemia. The IFN-γ and TNF-α levels in serum of patients with moderate and severe anemia were significantly higher than those in patients with mild anemia and without anemia as well as normal controls. The EPO, IL-6 and IFN-γ levels correlated negatively with Hb concentration in patients, the EPOR level in patients without anemia significantly higher than that in patients with anemia and normal controls. The bone marrow CFU-E amount in patients showed positive correlation with Hb and EPOR levels. It is concluded that the increased IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 may contribute to the anemia in lymphoma, and yet the EPO and EPOR levels are elevated to balance negative regulatory effects on hematopoiesis and maintain normal hematopoiesis.
Adult ; Aged ; Anemia ; blood ; etiology ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cytokines ; blood ; Erythropoietin ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-1 ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Lymphoma ; blood ; complications ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Erythropoietin ; blood ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective To observe the effects of Bushen Huoxue acupuncture method on amygdaloid protein expression in SAMP8; To explore the potential target protein for acupuncture treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods Thirty six-month-old male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into acupuncture group and control group, 15 mice in each group. Acupuncture group selected Baihui (GV20), Shenshu (BL23), Geshu (BL17) and Xuehai (SP10) to intervene. The control group was given the same time to catch and stimulate. After 8 weeks, the amygdala was extracted and the differential expression protein spots were identified by proteomic techniques. Results Compared with control group, acupuncture group eventually identified 9 differential expression protein spots, of which 6 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated. According to the relevant information provided in the protein database, the main function of differential expression proteins involved in the mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and production of Aβ. Conclusion Bushen Huoxue acupuncture method can regulate multiple protein expressions in amygdala, suggesting that it may be through improving mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative stress, reducing production of Aβ to realize the potential therapeutic effects on AD.

Objective To detect anti-M_2 autoantibody using recombinant BCOADC-E_2.Methods We purified recombinant BCOADC-E_2 by Ni~(2+)affinity chromatography column and then detect anti-M_2 autoan- tibody in the sera of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC)by Western blot test(WBT)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).Results Among 60 sera from PBC patients,33 were positive,all of controls were negative.Conclusion The recombinant BCOADC-E_2 can be used to detect anti-M_2 autoanti- body specifically and sensitively.It is helpful for the diagnosis of PBC.

Objective To analyze the general law of adverse drug reac-tions (ADRs) in rivaroxaban.Methods Based on the domestic litera-ture retrieved from China hospital knowledge database ( CNKD), VIP network,VIP, Wanfang database ,and PubMed from 1 January 2008 to 11 January 2018, ADRs caused by rivaroxaban were summarized and statis-tically analyzed.Results The study collected 78 literature and 40589 cases of the ADRs of rivaroxaban.Rivaroxaban caused various complicat-ed ADRs and clinical manifestations , which on the top of lists were re-spiratory system disorders and gastrointestinal disorders .Conclusion Adverse drug reactions monitoring of rivaroxaban should be strengthened to ensure its safety and medication.

Fruit ripening is associated with a number of physiological and biochemical changes. They include degradation of chlorophyll, synthesis of flavor compounds, carotenoid biosynthesis, conversion of starch to sugars, cell wall solublisation and fruit softening. These changes are brought about by the expression of specific genes. People are interested in the molecular mechanism involved in the regulation of gene transcription during fruit ripening. Many fruit-specific promoters such as PG, E4, E8, and 2A11 have been characterized and shown to direct ripening-specific expression of reporter genes. AGPase plays the key role in catalyzing the biosynthesis of starch in plants. It is a heterotetrameric enzyme with two small subunits and two large subunits, which are encoded by different genes. In higher plants, small subunits are highly conserved among plant species and expressed in all tissues. And the large subunits are present at multiple isoforms and expressed in a tissue-specific pattern. In fruits, the expression pattern of the large subunits varies with plant species. That made it important to study the transcriptional regulation of the large subunits of AGPase in different plant species. Northern-blot analysis indicates in watermelon, an isoform of the large subunits Wml1 expressed specifically in fruits, not in leaves. The 5' flanking region of Wml1, which covers 1573bp, has been isolated through the method of uneven PCR. And transient expression assay has shown that the 1573bp (named WSP) can direct fruit-specific expression of GUS gene. Our goal in this study was to scan the promoter region for main regulatory regions involved in fruit-specific expression. A chimaeric gene was constructed containing the WSP promoter, the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) structural sequence as a reporter gene and the nopaline synthase polyadenylation site (NOS-ter). The plasmid pSPA was digested with Hind III + Hinc II and promoter fragment of 1573bp (from 180bp to 1752bp) was cut out and cloned into Sma I sites of pBluescript SK(-), to produce pBSPA-16. The same insert was then cut out with Hind III + BamH I, and ligated with transient expression vector pBI426 digested by HindIII + Bgl II to produce pISPA-16. Three 5'-end deletions of the promoter were obtained and fused to GUS gene in plant transient expression vector pBI426: the 1201bp fragment (from 551bp to 1752bp) was generated by digestion of pBSPA-16 with BamH I + SnaB I, the 898bp fragment (from 854bp to 1752bp) by BamH I + EcoRV. Both fragments were ligated with pBluescript SK(-) digested by BamH I + Sma I, to produce pBSPA-12 and pBS-PA-9. The inserts were cut out with HindmIII + BamH I and ligated with pBI426 digested by Hind III + Bgl II, to produce pISPA-12 and pISPA-9. The 795bp fragment (from 957bp to 1752bp) was generated by digestion of pSPA with Hinc II + EcoR I, promoter fragment was cut out and cloned into Sma I sites of pBluescript SK(-), to produce pBSPA-8. The same insert were cut out with Hind III + BamH I, and ligated with transient expression vector pBI426 digested by Hind III + Bgl II. The 1573bp fragment and three 5'-end deletions were delivered into watermelon leaf, stem, flower and fruit of different development stages (5, 10, 20 days after pollination) via particle bombardment using a biolistic PDS-1000/He particle gun. Bombardment parameters were as follows: a helium pressure of 1200 psi, vacuum of 91432.23Pa, 7 cm between the stopping screen and the plate. Histochemical assay were done on all the tissues bombarded after incubation for 2 days. The 1573bp fragment had the strongest promoter activity, and can induce GUS expression in fruits of 5 and 20 days after anthesis and flowers, but not in fruits of 10 days after anthesis, leaves and stems. Fragments of 1201bp and 898bp can induce GUS expression only in fruits of 20 days after anthesis, and with lower expression levels than 1573bp. Fragment of 795bp was not able to direct GUS expression in any of the tissues bombarded (data not shown). It can be concluded that of the 1573bp, 1201 bp, 898bp Wml1 5'flanking regions include the necessary information directing fruit-specific expression. Deletion from 180bp to 551bp doesn't affect the fruit-specificity of the promoter, but lowered the expression level. There may be some cis-acting elements located in this region, which can enhance external gene expression in later stages of fruit development. Deletion from 854bp and 958bp led to loss of GUS expression. This region includes the necessary information needed for gene expression as well as the regulatory elements for fruit-specific transcription.
Citrullus ; genetics ; Fruit ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; genetics ; physiology