Objective To prepare and characterize nanoparticles in-loaded one-way release-controlled chitosan membrane,and to explore the release-controlled rule of the film in vitro.Methods The chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by inverse crosslinking-emulsion method.The one-way release-controlled membrane was prepared by a casting method.Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to evaluate the morphological properties and particle size analyzer was used to analyze particle size distribution.The morphology of the membrane was inspected through scanning electron microscope (SEM).MTT assay was applied to determine the biological safety of chitosan nanoparticles.The distribution of the nanoparticles was observed by fluorescence microscope.The in vitro release studies were adopted to evaluate the release-controlled rule.Results The four kinds of nanoparticles had spherical shapes and uniform particle size.The size of the hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticle was (255.40±39.10) nm.Hyaluronic acid-coated chitosan nanoparticles showed the best property of sustained release and biocompatibility.The membrane had a loose inner layer and a dense outer layer,and the distribution of the nanoparticles was uniform in the inner layer of the membrane.The release of protein from membrane was unidirectional and the membrane displayed good controlled release property.Conclusions The nanoparticles in-loaded one-way release-controlled chitosan membrane presents good one-way sustained release performance.It is potentially useful in delivery system of growth factors.

Objective To prepare three kinds of biodegradable film materials used for protein drug carrier,and compare their degradation and drug release behavior.Methods Three different biodegradable and controlled release films,gelatin,chitosan oligosaccharides and crosslinked chitosan oligosaccharides films were prepared.Protein release behavior was determined by the Bradford.At the same time,degradation rate and swelling rate were tested,and the biocompatibility of film was investigated by MTT assay.Results The release time of crosslinked chitosan oligosaccharides film was 168 h,which was longer than that of chitosan oligosaccharides film,and different in different solution.The degradation rate and the swelling rate of crosslinked chitosan oligosaccharides was 60％ (360 h) and 110.45％,respectively,while the chitosan oligosaccharides membrane was 80％ (360 h) and 113.03％.The MTI assay revealed that the crosslinked chitosan oligosaccharides film had better biocompatibility.Conclusions By comparing different properties,the crosslinked chitosan oligosaccharides film is the best choice for protein drug carrier.

Objective To investigate the level of psychological capital of nursing administrative personnel and analyze its influencing factors.Methods A total of 302 nursing administrative personnel of Anhui Province were investigated with Chinese Version of Nurses Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24) and a self-designed question-naire about demographic information.Results The overall score of psychological capital was (106.23±10.67) points,and the dimension scores from high to low were selfefficacy (26.79±3.40) points,resilience (26.60±3.25) points,hope(26.56±3.55) points,and optimism(26.27±3.34) points.Multiple regression analysis showed that health?level and positions entered the regression equation,t=2.904,1.838,P＜0.05.Conclusions The overall nursing administrative personnel psychological capital is in the middle level,health level and positions were influencing factors of nurses psychological capital.It is suggested that the psychological capital should be introduced into nursing administrative field and take diversified measured to improve their psychological capital.

ObjectiveTo cultivate students innovative spirit and the ability of studying all their lives independently in the course of clinical transfusion laboratory medicine.MethodsBeginning with examination reform,we adopted the teaching mode,problem situation setting up-guidance to research and cooperation-evaluation of the students' learning effect by use of formative assessment.ResultsNew teaching mode acquired satisfactory results with development of students' activity and creativity.

Objective To investigate the status of career resilience and job satisfaction among specialized nurses and to analyze the correlation between them.Methods Totally 288 specialized nurses were investigated with Career Resilience Scale and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire.The correlation between career resilience and job satisfaction was analyzed using a Pearson correhtion analysis.Results The overall score of the career resilience was (37.12±4.78); the overall score of the job satisfaction was (68.51±7.87).They correlation coefficient between career resilience and job satisfaction was 0.310.Conclusions The level of career resilience and job satisfaction need to be enhanced among specialized nursing.There is a low to medium positive correlation between career resilience and job satisfaction.Measures should be carried out to enhance the nursing staffs' career resilience and to further improve their job satisfaction.

Objective To investigate the career resilience and its influencing factors among nurse specialists.Methods Totally 288 nurse specialists were investigated by General Information Questionnaire,Career Resilience Scale,Core Self-Evaluations Scale and Simplified Coping Style Scale.Results The score was 37.12±4.78 for career resilience,35.46±4.78 for core self-evaluations,23.57±5.2 1 for positive coping,and 9.39±3.74 for negative coping,respectively.There were statistic difference (P＜0.01) among the total score and 2 dimensions score of career resilience on different level of self-assessment of health among specialist nurses.Specialist nurses,career resilience had a obvious positive correlation with the age,nursing age,core self-evaluations,and positive coping(P＜ 0.01).The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,self-assessment of health,positive coping and core self-evaluations entered the regression equation of career resilience.Positive coping was a partial intermediate variable of core self-evaluations and career resilience.Conclusion The level of career resilience is medium and it should be enhanced among nurse specialists.The age,self-assessment of health,positive coping and core self-evaluations are possible influencing factors of career resilience.And core self-evaluations can improve career resilience of specialist nurses via the effects of positive coping.

Objective To improve the prognosis among patients with respiratory failure poisoned by organophosphorus pesticide though analyzing and discussing the emergency measures and treatment effects. Methods From January 2014 to December 2016, 86 patients with respiratory failure caused by severe organophosphorus pesticide poisoning were received in the Emergency Department in Nanchong Central Hospital.The patients were numbered according to the order of the treatment and randomly divided into control group and observation group with 43 cases in each group.All patients were treated with routine emergency measures (gastric lavage and endotracheal intubation, rehydration, and symptomatic treatment).The control group was treated with pralidoxime chloride injection and injection of atropine detoxification while the observation group was given pralidoxime chloride combined with Penehyclidine Hydrochloride Injection detoxification.We compared the alleviation of clinical symptoms and the changes of cholinesterase (CHE) and respiratory function (respiratory frequency, Pa02, Pa02/Fi02) between the two groups of patients 10 min and 30 min after administration. The statistics of atropinization time, blood purification treatment rate, tracheotomy rate, hospital mortality,complications and treatment time were recorded. Results No statistic significance was observed among the two groups of patients in gender,age, weight,body mass index (BMI),the severity of poisoning,types of organophosphorus drugs and blood cholinesterase (CHE) at the first visit (P＞0.05).Blood CHE was effectively improved among the two groups 10 min and 30 min after the treatment and significantly higher CHE was seen in the observation group compared to the control group (P＜0.05) . The overall clinical symptom rate was lower 10min and 30min after the treatment (P＜ 0.05), and the clinical symptom rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05) . The respiratory function indexes (respiratory rate, Pa02, Pa02/Fi02) were significantly improved 10 min and 30 min after the treatment in both groups compared with those before the treatment (P＜ 0.05) .The blood purification treatment rate, tracheotomy rate, complication rate, hospitalization time and atropine time of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P＜ 0.05) . No significant difference was found in mortality rate between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion After giving effective respiration and circulation support, administration of penehyclidine hydrochloride combined with pralidoxime chloride detoxification can effectively restore the cholinesterase activity among patients with organophosphorus pesticide poisoning and improve respiratory function and prognosis, whichshows a high clinical value.

Objective:To determine the clinicopathological significance of the DNA methyltransferase 3B (DNMT3B)overexpression in endometrial carcinomas and to evaluate its correlation with hormone re-ceptor status.Methods:Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of DNMT3B and hormone receptors in 104 endometrial carcinomas.Results:DNMT3B overexpression occurred frequently in endometrioid carcinoma (EC,54.8%)more than in nonendometrioid carcinoma (NEC,30.0%) with statistical significance (P =0.028).Furthermore,there was a trend that EC with worse clinico-pathological variables and shorter survival had a higher DNMT3B expression,and the correlation between DNMT3B and tumor grade reached statistical significance (P =0.019).A negative correlation between DNMT3B and estrogen receptor (ER)or progesterone receptor (PR)expression was found in EC. NMT3B overexpression occurred frequently in the ER or PR negative subgroups (78.9%,86.7%)more than in the positive subgroups (47.7%,47.8%)with statistical significance (P =0.016,P =0.006). In addition,the DNMT3B overexpression increased in tumors with both ER and PR negative expression (92.9%,P =0.002).However,no such correlation was found in NEC (P >0.05).Sequence analyses demonstrated multiple ER and PR binding sites in the promoter regions of DNMT3B gene.Conclusion:This study showed that the expression of DNMT3B in EC and NEC was different.DNMT3B overexpres-sion in EC was associated with the worse clinicopathological variables and might have predictive value. The methylation status of EC and NEC maybe different.In addition,in EC,DNMT3B overexpression negatively correlated with ER or PR expression.In NEC,the correlation between DNMT3B and ER or PR status was not present.

Phytoestrogens, which can bind with estrogen receptor and produce estrogen-like effects, are a kind of nonsteroidal compound in plant. Phytoestrogens chemically include isoflavones, coumarins, lignans and other compounds. Phytoestrogens are selective estrogen receptor modulator, and have therapeutical effects on breast cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis and other disease, however, do not produce stimulatory hyperplasia effects on uterus, mammary glands and other tissues and organs with positive estrogen receptor. Long-term exposure or excessive use of phytoestrogens maybe affects male reproductive system and hematopoietic function of fetus. Some questions need to be further studied, such as evaluation criteria on biological activity, adverse effects, and action mechanism of phytoestrogen. This review covers plant sources, chemical structure, pharmacological activity and safety of phytoestrogens. It will provide a useful reference for intensive research and rational utilization the phytoestrogens.
Animals ; Humans ; Phytoestrogens ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry