A questionnaire survey on chronic heart failure management was conducted in 110 physicians from Xindu,Supo,Jiajiang and Xinhua community hospital in Chengdu from January 2007 to June 2010.Results showed that 77.3％ (85/110) of community physicians lacked knowledge about prevention,diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure,and the diagnostic accuracy rate was only 51.3％ (40/78) in these community hospitals.There was lack of awareness of the guideline of chronic heart failure:the rate of β blockers use was 15.0％ (6/40) and only 5.0％ (2/40) used the target dose; the rate of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor use was 17.5％ (7/40) and only 7.50％ (3/40) used the target dose.In addition,90％ (99/110) of community doctors lacked the education and management for patients with heart failure.The survey suggests that the current situation of chronic heart failure management in community physicians in Chengdu is unsatisfactory.It is necessary to strengthen the training of community physicians.

BACKGROUND:CT-guided percutaneous intervention and rehabilitation techniques are both classic programs for diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Is the combination of CT-guided percutaneous intervention and rehabilitation techniques preferential y used for treatment of lumbar disc herniation?
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect of CT-guided interventional injection combined with rehabilitation integration treatment for lumbar disc herniation and to analyze prognostic factors.
METHODS:Eighty-eight patients with lumbar disc herniation were subjected to CT-guided interventional injection combined with rehabilitation integration treatment from May 2010 to May 2013. Injection medicine consisted of betamethasone, tanshinone Ⅱ A sulfonate, neurotropin, normal saline and iohexol. Rehabilitation integration treatment included traction, manipulation, acupuncture, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and thermal magnon. Macnab criteria and Chinese version of Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire were used to assess the curative effects in comparison with the 112 patients receiving only CT-guided interventional injection that were reported previously. The prognostic factors, such as age, disease course time and herniation type of target segment were testified by correlation analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 77 patients were completely fol owed up for 1 year. There were excellent outcomes in 64 cases, while favorable outcomes in 7 cases, fair outcomes in 5 case, poor outcome in 1 case, with a better outcome rate of 92%.There was a significantly decreased trend in Oswestry disability Index scores at 1, 6, 12 months during the fol ow-ups (P<0.01). No severe complications occurred in al the included patients. The curative effects were improved in term of better outcomes rate compared with the 112 patients receiving only CT-guided interventional injection, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). The young group (≤ 45 years) had better outcomes than the older group (>45 years;P<0.01). In addition, disease course time and herniation type of target segment were not statistical y significant risk factors predicting clinical results (P>0.05). These findings indicate that CT-guided interventional injection combined with rehabilitation integration treatment could relieve lower back pain and radical leg pain effectively and decrease life disability level.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of electroacupuncture under continuous traction in prone position for treatment of lumbar disc herniation, to search a better clinical treatment for lumbar disc herniation.

METHODSThe patients were randomly divided into group A (42 cases), group B (39 cases) and group C (38 cases). The acupuncture methods of three groups were the same, Jiaji (EX B 2), Weizhong (BL 40) and Chengshan (BL 57) etc. were selected, and the electroacupuncture was applied as a basic treatment. Continuous traction in prone position and electroacupuncture treatment were used at the same time in group A, group B was treated with supine position traction first and then electroacupuncture treatment, while group C was treated with electroacupuncture only, the therapeutic effects were observed and compared.

RESULTSThe effective rate of 95.2% in group A was superior to that of 79.5% in group B and 65.8% in group C (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture under continuous traction in prone position is a better treatment for lumbar disc herniation.

Adult ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; therapy ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Traction ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe the interventional effect of electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoints for treatment of simple obesity of heart and spleen deficiency type.

METHODSSixty five cases were randomly divided into an observation group (33 cases) and a control group (32 cases). The observation group was treated with electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoint therapy, the electroacupuncture was applied at Zhongwan (CV 12), Xiawan (CV 10), Guanyuan (CV 4), Tianshu (ST 25), ect. and catgut implantation was given at Zhongwan (CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Qihai (CV 6), etc. The control group was treated with electroacupuncture only. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), waistline, waist hip ratio (WHR), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD, 17 items) were evaluated before and after treatment, and these were also compared with those of 35 nomal cases.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of 93.9% in the observation group was higher than that of 84.4% in the control group (P < 0.05); the body weight, BMI, waistline, WHR, PSQI, HAMD and HAMA of simple obesity cases were obviously higher than those of normal cases (all P < 0.05). The scores of above indexes were all obviously decreased in both groups after treatment (all P < 0.05), and the improvement was more significant in observation group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe sleep quality reduction and mental and psychology disorder exist in simple obesity patients, and electroacupuncture combined with catgut implantation at acupoints can reduce weight effectively, and at the same time improve the sleep quality and regulate psychological state.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Catgut ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Heart ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; psychology ; surgery ; therapy ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) resistance index in predicting fetal hypoxia in fetuses with umbilical cord around the neck in late pregnancy.

METHODSEighty normal fetuses between 38 and 40 weeks of gestation and 88 fetuses with umbilical cord around neck were measured for MCA and UA pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and the peak-systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) by means of color Doppler ultrasonography, and the resistance index ratio was calculated. Fetuses with umbilical cord around neck were estimated according to the measured normograms for the presence of fetal hypoxia, and the results were evaluated by diagnostic test.

RESULTSSignificant differences were found in MCA and UA resistance index ratio between the groups (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the resistance index ratio between the normal group and around the neck (one round) group (P>0.05), but significant difference was found between normal group and around the neck (two rounds and more) group (P<0.01), and between the two arounds and one round groups (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of MCA and UA resistance index and resistance index ratio in predicting fetal hypoxia of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck was 43%, 85%, 92%, 83%, 89%, and 100%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMCA and UA resistance index ratio is a better indicator than its resistance index in predicting fetal hypoxia of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, and may help in early detection of fetal hypoxia for a diagnosis before fetal distress.

Adult ; Female ; Fetal Hypoxia ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; embryology ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Ultrasonography, Doppler ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Umbilical Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo detect the mutations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease gene 2(PKD2)in Chinese.

METHODSThe white blood cell genomic DNA from patients of 94 Chinese autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD) pedigrees was isolated and amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). The PCR products were analyzed by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC). The samples with abnormal profiles were sequenced.

RESULTSEight mutations were identified, including 2 nonsense mutations, 2 deletion mutations,1 insertion mutation and 3 missense mutations. Two nonsense mutations occurred in exon 5(1249C-->T) and exon 13(2407C-->T),both resulted in a stop codon. The insertion was in exon 2(636-637 ins T),and the deletion mutations were in exons 12(2348-2351 del AGAA) and 13(2401 delete A),resulting in the reading frame shift. Three missense mutations were in exons 1(G568-->A),4(C964-->T),and 5(G1168-->A), which caused amino acid changes (190Ala-->Thr,322Arg-->Trp,390Gly-->Ser).

CONCLUSIONThe method of DHPLC was used in detecting mutations successfully and 8 mutations in PKD2 were identified. It will be useful in the molecular diagnosis of ADPKD in advance of the cysts formation and birth.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Denaturation ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant ; genetics ; TRPP Cation Channels

OBJECTIVETo establish a community-based management model for heart failure patients under the professional guidance of upper first-class hospital staff.

METHODSTwo hundreds heart failure (New York Heart Function II-IV) patients aged from 35 to 85 in two communities of Chengdu city were divided into two groups by cluster randomization: the management group and the control group. The community hospital doctors were trained for the evaluation and management of heart failure according standardized guidelines by upper first-class hospital doctors, and responsible for the management of patients in the management group. Meanwhile, the management group patients also received self-care education. Patients in control group were treated by community doctors without special training. Data including the community hospital doctors' knowledge rate of heart failure, positive diagnosis rate, and the rate for standardized medication for heart failure; the patients' knowledge rate of heart failure, the rate of drug compliance, the rate of standardized drug taken for heart failure, the rate of self-care in daily-life, the quality of life, the incidence of cardiovascular events, hospitalization time and cost were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe community hospital doctors' knowledge rate of heart failure, the related knowledge for prevention and treatment on the causes of heart failure, the positive diagnosis rate, and the rate for standardized medication for heart failure [β receptor blocker 77.3% (17/22); angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors 63.6% (14/22)] were significantly higher than doctors in the control group (all P < 0.05). There were 96 in the management group and 97 in the control group. Data were similar between the two groups at baseline. After (18.5 ± 0.5) months, the patient's knowledge rate of heart failure [100% (96/96) vs. 71.1% (69/97)], the rate of drug compliance [78.1% (75/96) vs. 13.4% (13/97)], the rate of standardized drug taken for heart failure[β receptor blocker: 75.0% (72/96) vs. 8.2% (8/97); angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: 60.4% (58/96)vs. 10.3% (10/97)], and the rate of self-care in daily-life [salt and food restriction:88.5% (85/96) vs. 29.9% (23/97); blood pressure monitoring: 83.3% (80/96) vs. 56.7% (55/97); weight monitoring:78.1% (75/96) vs. 13.4% (13/97)] were all significantly higher in the management group than in control group. For patients with New York Heart Function III-IV, the score of the LiHFe questionnaire (43.7 ± 9.2 vs. 49.5 ± 11.3), the incidence of cardiovascular events [63.3% (19/30) vs. 90.3% (28/31)], the days of hospitalization [(8.2 ± 3.2)days vs. (13.9 ± 10.9) days], and the cost for hospitalization [(2873.3 ± 401.6) Yuan vs. (4525.8 ± 6417.8) Yuan] were all significantly lower in the management group (n = 30) than in the control group (n = 31) (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe community-based management model for heart failure patients in the community level is effective to improve the management and outcome in this cohort.

Chronic Disease ; Community Medicine ; organization & administration ; Heart Failure ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution of genomovars and microevolution of Yersinia pestis in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

METHODSPrimer pairs targeting the twenty-two different regions(DFRs) were designed for detecting the presence or deletion of each DFR in 297 strains isolated from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

RESULTS9 genomovars, i. e. Genomovar 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, new type and Ype-ancestor were identified in the Marmota himalayana plague focus of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Among these genomovars, genomovar 5,8 and 10 were dominant types. The total rate of the three genomovars was 80.6% (204/253) and the genomovars in different regions were different. All of 44 strains of Y. pestis in the Microtus fuscus plague focus of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belonged to genomovar 14.

CONCLUSIONThe distribution of genomovars of Y. pestis in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau had remarkable characteristics geographically. Based on the distribution of genomovars of Y. pestis, the routes of transmission and microevolution of Y. pestis were proposed.

Biological Evolution ; China ; Geography ; Humans ; Plague ; transmission ; Yersinia pestis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of dog-day acupuncture and tortoise-shell moxibustion combined with pelvic floor muscle exercises for treatment of female stress urinary incontinence.

METHODSSeventy one cases were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty six cases in the observation group were treated with acupuncture on Zhongji (CV 3), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Chize (LU 5) etc. and tortoise-shell moxibustion on Shenque (CV 8) combined with pelvic floor muscle exercises; while thirty five cases in the control group were treated with only pelvic floor muscle exercises. The scores of the International Consultation Committee on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) and the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 (SF-36) were evaluated before and after treatment, and the scores of SF-36 were also compared with 35 cases in normal group.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of 91.7% in the observation group was higher than that of 77.1% in the control group (P < 0.05). The dimensions of SF-36 of stress urinary incontinence patients were remarkably lower than those of normal group (all P < 0.05). The scores of ICI-Q-SF were decreased while the scores of SF-36 were increased obviously after treatment in both the observation group and the control group, there were pronounced improvements on physiological function, pain, physical activity, social function and affection function in the observation group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe quality of life for female stress urinary incontinence patients may be poor, however the dog-day acupuncture and tortoise-shell moxibustion combined with pelvic floor muscle exercises can improve the symptoms of urinary incontinence and increase the quality of life of patients.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscles ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; physiopathology ; therapy

An infectious cDNA clone of H120 vaccine strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was constructed to demonstrate its potential as a gene transfer vector. Primers were designed according to the published genome sequence of H120 strain, and ten cDNA fragments covering the entire genome of H120 strain was amplified by RT-PCR. All the PCR products were ligated into pMD19-T vector and sequenced, and the ORF5a open reading frame in the pMDTM9 plasmid was replaced by an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. Recombinant plasmids were digested by the restriction enzyme Bsa I, and all the cDNA fragments were recovered. By using appropriate ligation strategy, the genomic cDNA of H120 strain were reconstituted. Then genome RNA was synthesized in vitro by T7 RNA polymerase and transfected into BHK-21 cells. Recombinant virus expressing the green fluorescent protein was rescued and identified by RT-PCR and sequencing. The characteristics of recombinant virus were evaluated by passage in embryonated chicken eggs. This study showed that the 5a ORF is a good candidate for an insertion site of recombinant genes for the development of IBV infectious cDNA clone as a gene transfer vector.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Chick Embryo ; Cricetinae ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; instrumentation ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; physiology ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Infectious bronchitis virus ; genetics ; physiology