OBJECTIVE: To analyze the features of orbital fracture and to discuss its forensic expertise points. METHODS: One hundred and thirty cases of simple orbital fracture from 2010 to 2012 collected from one public security bureau were retrospectively analyzed such as age, gender, tools, position and morphology of the fracture, periorbital and orbital compound injury and the follow-up results after 6 months. RESULTS: In the 130 cases, the wounded were mainly young men and hit by fist. The fracture of simple medial orbital wall accounted for up to 81.5% in all cases. In the periorbital and orbital compound injury, laceration and contusion of eyelid and ethmoidal cellules and maxillary sinus always occurred. After 6 months follow-up, there were 30 cases of comminuted fracture remained enophthalmos compared with the uninjured side. CONCLUSION It is inappropriate to judge the fracture of simple medial orbital wall as minor injury. We should judge the degree of simple orbital fracture after the injury is stable. Detailed ophthalmology inspection is necessary for forensic expertise of simple orbital fracture.
Craniocerebral Trauma ; Enophthalmos ; Female ; Fractures, Comminuted/pathology* ; Humans ; Male ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Orbit ; Orbital Fractures/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Trauma Severity Indices

BACKGROUNDA major shortcoming in tissue engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) is the lack of healthy and easily attainable smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Smooth muscle progenitor cells (SPCs), especially from peripheral blood, may offer an alternative cell source for tissue engineering involving a less invasive harvesting technique.

METHODSSPCs were isolated from 5-ml fresh rat peripheral blood by density-gradient centrifugation and cultured for 3 weeks in endothelial growth medium-2-MV (EGM-2-MV) medium containing platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF BB). Before seeded on the synthesized scaffold, SPC-derived smooth muscle outgrowth cell (SOC) phenotypes were assessed by immuno-fluorescent staining, Western blot analysis, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cells were seeded onto the silk fibroin-modified poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (SF-PHBHHx) scaffolds by 6x10(4) cells/cm2 and cultured under the static condition for 3 weeks. The growth and proliferation of the seeded cells on the scaffold were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining.

RESULTSSOCs displayed specific "hill and valley" morphology, expressed the specific markers of the SMC lineage: smooth muscle (SM) alpha-actin, calponin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM MHC) at protein and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels. RT-PCR results demonstrate that SOCs also expressed smooth muscle protein 22alpha (SM22alpha), a contractile protein, and extracellular matrix components elastin and matrix Gla protein (MGP), as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). After seeded on the SF-PHBHHx scaffold, the cells showed excellent metabolic activity and proliferation.

CONCLUSIONSPCs isolated from peripheral blood can be differentiated into the SMCs in vitro and have an impressive growth potential in the biodegradable synthesized scaffold. Thus, SPCs may be a promising cell source for constructing TEBVs.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid ; chemistry ; Animals ; Blood Vessels ; cytology ; Caproates ; chemistry ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Immunophenotyping ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Tissue Engineering ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics

Angioplasty, Balloon ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subclavian Steal Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of frequency of intense pulsed light(IPL)in the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction.METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 108 patients(216 eyes)with meibomian gland dysfunction admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were included. They were divided into two groups, with 54 cases(108 eyes)IPL group(energy density 13.0J/cm2, pulse width 6ms, delay time 50ms), and 54 cases(108 eyes)in advanced optimal pulsed technology(AOPT)group(energy density 10.0-16.0J/cm2, pulse width 7-4-4 ms in unequal-division mode). The clinical effects of the two groups were observed and compared, including ocular surface symptoms, corneal fluorescein staining score(FL), tear film lipid layer thickness(LLT), ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, mean non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTav)and first non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUTf), tear meniscus height, score of meibomian gland secretion and its secretion traits, and the incidence of adverse effects was also calculated.RESULTS: The effective rate of the AOPT group(106 eyes, 98.1%)was higher than that of the IPL group(90 eyes, 83.3%, P<0.05), as well as OSDI score, FL score, score of meibomian gland secretion and its secretion traits, LLT NIBUTav, NIBUTf and tear meniscus height(all P<0.001). However, the incidence of adverse effects of the AOPT group(18 eyes, 16.7%)was higher than that of the IPL group(4 eyes, 3.7%; P<0.05).CONCLUSION: With significant improvement in the ocular surface symptoms and function, AOPT has a better therapeutic effect on the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction, but it has more adverse reactions. Therefore, optimal treatment plan should be fully selected in combination with the actual clinical situation.