Adult ; Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lithiasis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Lung Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To analyze the epidemiographic features of malignant tumors of urinary system in renal allograft recipients in our center.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 3150 patients who received renal transplantation between June 1978 and Autumn 2006.Twelve cases of urinary tumors were selected for study.Results Among 3150 recipients,33(1.05%)were diag- nosed as malignancies including 12(0.38%)cases in urinary system.The mean age of these patients when diagnosed as urinary tumors was 58.3?4.6(range 48-66).The mean duration of immunosup- pressive treatment was 62?18(range 26-120)months.Six cases received cyclosporine A+azalthio- prine+prednisone(CsA+Aza+Pred),5 cases cyclosporine A+mycophenolate mofetil+prednisone (CsA+MMF+Pred),and one case tacrolimus+mycophenolate mofetil+prednisone(FK506+MMF +Pred).Surgical treatment was carried out in 11 patients.Ten of them were still alive.One case died of cerebral hemorrhage.Conclusions Malignant tumors of urinary system,especially TCC is an im- portant complication in renal transplantation in our center.The occurrence of malignant tumors is inti- mately related to immunosuppressive treatment.The immunological status of patients after renal transplantation should be evaluated in follow-up studies.The treatment consists of complete resection of the mass,decreases of immunosuppressants,chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Blood Gas Analysis ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Pneumonia ; blood ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Respiration

To determine the optimum conditions of supercritical CO2 extraction of Xiaoyaosan, and establish its fingerprint by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the yield of extract were investigated, an orthogonal test was used to quantify the effects of extraction temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and time, and fingerprint analysis of different batches of extracts were by GC-MS. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: extraction pressure 20 MPa, extraction temperature 50 degrees C, CO2 flow rate 25 kg x h(-1), extraction time 3 h, and average yield 2.2%. The GC-MS fingerprint was established and 27 common peaks were found, whose contents add up to 81.89% of the total peak area. Among them, 21 compounds were identified, accounting for 53.20% of the total extract. The extraction process is reasonable and favorable for industrial production. The GC-MS method is accurate, reliable, reproducible, and can be used for quality control of supercritical CO2 extract from Xiaoyaosan.
Carbon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods

To explore the effective ingredients and mechanism of Ligusticum wallichii in treating brain ischemia. Four brain ischemia-related target proteins were selected in the joint screening for the 45 component in L. wallichii reported in literatures based on molecular docking by reference to the corresponding drugs in the market. According to the docking results, multiple components in L. wallichii, such as phthalides, were superior to the corresponding drugs in the market, suggesting that they may be the major effective components in L. wallichii for treating brain ischemia. The method can be used to study the material base and molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines.
Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Ligusticum ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Peroxidase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Phytotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; antagonists & inhibitors

Adaptation, Physiological ; Animals ; Brain Stem ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Gene Expression ; Gene Library ; Motion Sickness ; genetics ; Rats

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Motion Sickness ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.
Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; Coumaric Acids ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; Glucosides ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; Lactones ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Monoterpenes ; Sesquiterpenes ; Software

Action mechanism and material base of compound Danshen dripping pills in treatment of carotid atherosclerosis were discussed based on gene expression profile and molecular fingerprint in this paper. First, gene expression profiles of atherosclerotic carotid artery tissues and histologically normal tissues in human body were collected, and were screened using significance analysis of microarray (SAM) to screen out differential gene expressions; then differential genes were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and KEGG pathway analysis; to avoid some genes with non-outstanding differential expression but biologically importance, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed, and 7 chemical ingredients with higher negative enrichment score were obtained by Cmap method, implying that they could reversely regulate the gene expression profiles of pathological tissues; and last, based on the hypotheses that similar structures have similar activities, 336 ingredients of compound Danshen dripping pills were compared with 7 drug molecules in 2D molecular fingerprints method. The results showed that 147 differential genes including 60 up-regulated genes and 87 down regulated genes were screened out by SAM. And in GO analysis, Biological Process ( BP) is mainly concerned with biological adhesion, response to wounding and inflammatory response; Cellular Component (CC) is mainly concerned with extracellular region, extracellular space and plasma membrane; while Molecular Function (MF) is mainly concerned with antigen binding, metalloendopeptidase activity and peptide binding. KEGG pathway analysis is mainly concerned with JAK-STAT, RIG-I like receptor and PPAR signaling pathway. There were 10 compounds, such as hexadecane, with Tanimoto coefficients greater than 0.85, which implied that they may be the active ingredients (AIs) of compound Danshen dripping pills in treatment of carotid atherosclerosis (CAs). The present method can be applied to the research on material base and molecular action mechanism of TCM.
Carotid Artery Diseases ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Objective In order to study the difference of depression-like behaviours among three widelyused stress models in rats.Methods The new-born Spragne-Dawley rats were randomly divided into maternal deprivation(MD) group(n=27),chronic mild stress(CMS) group (n=29),dual stress(DS) group ( n=31 ) and control (C) group ( n =30) on postnatal day 1.MD rats only received maternal deprivation.CMS rats only received chronic mild stress when 10 weeks old.DS rats received both maternal deprivation and chronic mild stress.Control rats received no experimental handling.Behavior tests including forced swimming test and sucrose consumption which were carried out to evaluate rats' depression-like behaviors in the thirteenth weeks.The extend time of floating and sucrose preference ratio should be recorded in the forced swimming test and sucrose consumption test respectively to reflect the behavior of helplessness and anhedonia of rats.Results In the forced swimming test,the extend floating time of MD group( 119.30 ± 65.56) s,CMS group ( 145.00 ± 80.24) s and DS group ( 170.03 ±61.75 )s were longer than the control group(81.14 ± 52.40)s (F =11.53,P ＜ 0.01 ).In the sucrose consumption test,the MD group(0.32 ± 0.22) had a low sucrose consumption.The comparison of the MD group and CMS group (0.43 ± 0.28 ) to the control group (0.54 ± 0.28 ) had significant differences (F =4.33,P ＜ 0.01 ).In these four groups,no sexual difference was found in the forced swimming test and sucrose consumption test ( all P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The results suggest that MD,CMS and DS may induce some kind of depression-like behaviors in rodents such as anhedonia or the behavior of helplessness and the depression-like behaviors induced by different stresses are similar in male and female individuals.