Objective To study the DNA damage and repair of normal lung interstitial cells and human lung adenocarcinoma cells exposed to cigarette smoke. Methods Cultured human embryo lung fibroblasts (HLF) and human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Mainstream smoke was collected by using dimerhyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) as absorbents. MTT assay was used to test the cytotoxicity of the solutions of cigarette smoke, then selected the concentrations of the solutions with no obvious cytotoxicity to treat cells and detected DNA damage and repair by comet assay. Results As treated with original solutions or 1/2 dilution of DMSO cigarette smoke solutions only, the Viability of cells was below 80%, but it was beyond 80% when treated with PBS solutions. The results showed that a significant difference of DNA damage was seen between the treated groups and negative control groups (P0.05),but the DNA damage caused by DMSO solutions was worse than PBS solutions significantly (P

Objective To establish the reference intervals of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high density lipoprotein (HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C)in the healthy population in Hengshui region.Methods 16 403 healthy individuals were collected from the various counties and cities in this region and detected the above 4 blood lipid indexes (TC,TG,HDL-C, LDL-C)by adopting the automatic biochemical analyzer.The subjects were grouped according to different genders and ages and the detection results were performed the statistical analysis.Results TC 3.17-7.20 mmol/L;TG 0.08-3.16 mmol/L;HDL-C 0.94-2.30 mmol/L;LDL-C 1 .14 -4.59 mmol/L.Conclusion The differences of blood lipid detection results exist in males and fe-males in Hengshui region,the results are different among different age groups,it is suggested that different genders and different age groups should establish their own normal reference intervals in order to provide the diagnostic basis for clinic.

Objective:To discuss the implementation and experience of the quality control circle ( QCC) activi-ty in shortening the interval time of consecutive operation and speeding up the turnover of operating table. Method:We formed a QCC team and explored the influential factors of the interval time of consecutive operation using quali-ty control technique. We found out the real reason, put forward corresponding countermeasures, and organized the implementation. Results: Before the implementation of QCC, the average interval time of consecutive operation was 24. 6 minutes, whereas it decreased to 16. 2 minutes after the implementation of QCC with the progress rate of 64. 87%. Through the QCC activities, the problem-solving ability, responsibility, communication and coordina-tion ability, motivation, confidence, team cohesion, and the use of quality control technique of the QCC members has improved significantly. Conclusion:Through the quality management tools of QCC, the interval time of con-secutive operation has greatly shorten, the turnover of operation table has improved, and doctors′ and operating room nurses′satisfaction has improved significantly.

Objective To establish the reference interval of serum urea nitrogen (BUN) ,creatinine(Cr) ,uric acid(UA) for the healthy adults of Hengshui City .Methods 16 403 cases of healthy adults of different areas in the city were enrolled in the study .By using automatic biochemical analyzer ,3 kidney function indicators(BUN ,Cr ,UA) were determined .According to different sex and age groups ,statistical analysis was performed .Results The reference intervals of 3 kidney function indicators for healthy people in Hengshui City were as follows ,BUN :2 .75-7 .05 mmol/L for male and 2 .24-6 .58 mmol/L for female;Cr:49 .69-87 .96 μmol/L for male and 35 .82-72 .22 μmol/L for female;UA :209 .51 -500 .06 μmol/L for male and 146 .25 -389 .69 μmol/L for female . Conclusion The reference intervals established could basically reflect the concentrations of 3 kidney function indicators for the healthy adults in Hengshui City ,which could provide a reference .

Adolescent ; Altitude ; Ghrelin ; blood ; Humans ; Overweight ; blood ; Sleep

T cell immune receptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), a promising new target in cancer immunotherapy, plays a critical role in limiting adaptive and innate immunity against tumors. The extracellular domain of human TIGIT was used to immune BALB/c mice, and a new anti-human TIGIT chimeric antibody (c7D3) was developed. The mice in this study were used in accordance with the international guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals, and the animal study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of AbMax Biotechnology. The biological activity of c7D3 was studied. The results showed that c7D3 exhibited high affinity for TIGIT and effectively inhibited the interaction between TIGIT and its ligands. Cell-based assays indicated that c7D3 induced strong luciferase signaling in TIGIT/CD155 signaling reporter assay and enhanced cytokine secretion in a T cell stimulation assay. The data showed that c7D3 has high binding affinity and excellent blocking bioactivity, supporting the further advancement for therapeutic application.

OBJECTIVEThe present study investigated the effects of rapamycin on Aβ1-42-induced deficits in working memory and synaptic plasticity.

METHODSAfter bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 and rapamycinin rats, spontaneous alternation in Y-maze and in vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) of rats were recorded. All data were analized by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTS(Hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 alone impaired working memory of rats; (2) Rapamycin did not affect working memory of rats, but alleviated Aβ1-42-induced working memory deficits, compared with Aβ1-42 alone group; (Aβ1-42 remarkably suppressed in vivo hippocampal LTP of fEPSPs in the CA1 region; (4) Pretreatment with rapamycin prevented Aβ1-42-induced suppression of LTP.

CONCLUSIONThese data indicates that rapamycin could protect against Aβ1-42-induced impairments in working memory and synaptic plasticity in rats.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Maze Learning ; Memory, Short-Term ; drug effects ; Neuronal Plasticity ; drug effects ; Peptide Fragments ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology

Amyloid β protein (Aβ) is closely involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and one of the main strategies for AD treatment is antagonizing the neurotoxicity of Aβ or even clearing the Aβ deposited in the brain. The present study was aimed to observe the effects of intrahippocampal injection of Aβ₃₁₋₃₅ on the spatial learning and memory of rats by using Morris water maze technique, and explore the neuroprotective effects and possible mechanism of [Gly14]-humanin (HNG) against Aβ-induced deficits in learning behavior. The results showed that bilateral intrahippocampal injection of 2.0 nmol Aβ₃₁₋₃₅ significantly increased the mean traveled distance of rats in searching for the hidden underwater platform and decreased the distance percentage in the target quadrant in probe test after withdrawal of platform, whereas pretreatment with HNG (0.2 nmol and 2.0 nmol) suppressed Aβ₃₁₋₃₅-induced increase in the traveled distance and decrease in swimming distance percentage. Application of Genistein (40 nmol), a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor, almost completely blocked the antagonistic effects of HNG against Aβ₃₁₋₃₅. These results indicate that HNG can dose-dependently prevent against Aβ₃₁₋₃₅-induced impairment in spatial learning and memory of rats, and the neuroprotective effects of HNG might involve the activation of endogenous tyrosine kinase pathway, suggesting that up-regulation of the tyrosine kinase signaling by using HNG might be of great significance for the improvement of cognitive function in AD.
Alzheimer Disease ; physiopathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Memory ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Peptide Fragments ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Spatial Learning ; drug effects

Objective:To explore the effect of shoulder subluxation on the peripheral nerves in the hemiplegic upper limbs of stroke survivors.Methods:Twenty stroke survivors with shoulder subluxation were enrolled. Conduction in their suprascapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar nerves was monitored and needle electromyography was used to monitor activity in the supraspinatus, deltoid, biceps brachii, extensor digitorum, abductor pollicis brevis and abductor digiti minimi muscles of their affected upper limbs at rest. Upper limb and hand function were assessed using the Brunnstrom scale. The rate of change in the amplitude of the compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) was correlated with the patient′s disease duration, age, and upper limb and hand Brunnstrom stages.Results:Compared with the healthy side, a significant decrease was observed in the CMAP amplitudes of the suprascapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar nerves of the hemiplegic arm, and the latency of the suprascapular and axillary nerves was significantly prolonged. There was no inter-arm difference in the conduction velocity of the musculocutaneous, radial, median and ulnar nerves. The rates of change in the CMAP amplitudes of the suprascapular, axillary and musculocutaneous nerves were significantly higher than those of the radial, median and ulnar nerves. The sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitudes of the median, ulnar and radial nerves on the hemiplegic side were significantly lower than on the healthy side, but there was no significant difference in the sensory conduction velocity between the two sides. On the hemiplegic side, the median nerve had the highest rate of change rate in the SNAP amplitude, followed by the radial and ulnar nerves, but there was no significant difference among them. Nor was there any significant difference in the rate of change in sensory nerve conduction velocity. The muscles of the affected upper limbs had higher potentials in the proximal than that in the distal nerves after shoulder subluxation. The rate of change in the CMAPs was not significantly correlated with a patient′s disease duration, age, or upper limb or hand Brunnstrom stage on the hemiplegic side.Conclusions:Shoulder subluxation after a stroke can cause greater damage to the peripheral nerves in the shoulder and upper arm than to those in the forearm and hand, possibly affecting the recovery of upper limb function.

AIMTo study the feasibility of long-term potentiation(LTP) recording in the CA1 area of the rat in vivo with electrodes-binding technique.

METHODSAnesthetizing Wistar rats with urethane and fixing the animal on the stereotaxic device for acute surgery; implanting cannula into lateral cerebral ventricle; inserting self-made bound stimulating/recording electrodes into hippocampal CA1 area; recording basal field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) and tetanus-induced long term potentiation (LTP).

RESULTSfEPSPs were reliably induced by using the stimulating/recording electrodes-binding technique, and the appearance rate of fEPSP was nearly 100%; basal fEPSP recording was very stable, lasting for long time enough to finish all experiment; high frequency stimulation (HFS) successfully induced LTP, which maintained more than three hours, the inductivity is about 67%; paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) recording was also stable; intracerebroventricular (i c v) injection of amyloid beta suppressed HFSinduced LTP evidently.

CONCLUSIONThe electrodes-binding technique for recording hippocampal LTP in vivo is quite simple and convenient. The experimental resource can be saved, and the rates of fEPSP appearance and LTP induction are kept high. Therefore, it is promising for this technique to be one electrophysiological auxiliary method in the research of learning and memory.

Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; methods ; Electrodes ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; physiology ; Feasibility Studies ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar