Abstract: Objective　To understand the distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in clinical blood culture specimens in Ningxia in recent years, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of bloodstream infection diseases. 　　　Methods　The blood culture isolation bacteria and drug resistance of Ningxia bacterial resistance monitoring network hospitals from 2018 to 2020 were statistically analyzed by WHONET5.6 software. Results　In the past three years, a total of 6 757 strains of bacteria were isolated from blood samples, including 3 697 strains (54.7%) of gram-negative bacteria and 3 060 (45.3%) of gram-positive bacteria. Among the gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli (2 074 strains,30.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (696 strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (139 strains), and Acinetobacter baumannii (121 strains). Among the gram-positive bacteria, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (1 691 strains,25.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (442 strains), Streptococcus spp. (431 strains), Enterococcus spp. (379 strains). Resistance to Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 56.6% and 22.6% against third-generation cephalosporins, and resistance to carbapenems was 1.0% and 3.7%, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were resistant to carbapenems at 9.0%（12/139） and 80.7%（71/121）. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected at 26.8%, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was detected at 70%, and no Staphylococcus bacteria resistant to vancomycin and linezolid were found. For three years, only 1 strain of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis was detected, and no linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were detected. Conclusions　Ningxia clinical blood specimen isolates of Escherichia coli, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae are more common. Among them, the resistance rate of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to the third generation of cephalosporins is relatively stable, and the resistance rate to carbapenems is low. Acinetobacter baumannii is highly resistant to carbapenems, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus detection rates are on the rise and should be closely monitored.

Child, Preschool ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; pathology

Objective To investigate the pregnancy outcomes of couples with either maternal or paternal balanced translocations.Methods One hundred and ninety-four couples were divided into three groups based on the kind of translocations:135 with reciprocal translocation,52 with nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations,and 7 with homologous Robertsonian translocations.Past reproductive histories were surveyed.For those who wanted to have their own babies by natural conceptions after knowing their karyotypes as well as the risks of abnormal offsprings,subsequent pregnancy outcomes were recorded.Total pregnancy outcomes were compared between three groups.Results(1)503 previous and subsequent pregnancies were recorded in detail.The pregnancy outcomes are as follows:spontaneous abortions 81.7% (411/503);induced terminations because of fetal abnormalities 3.2%(16/503);birth defects 7.2% (36/503);normal/balanced offsprings 8.0%(40/503).In reciprocal translocations,nonhomologous Robertsonian translocations and homologous Robertsonian translocations,the birth defects rates were 5.7% (20/350),10.9%(14/128)and 8.0%(2/25),respectively(P

Codon ; Dengue Virus ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genes, Viral ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Viral Structural Proteins ; genetics

Alphavirus Infections ; epidemiology ; Chikungunya virus ; Humans

Objective To establish serological detection methods of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8).Methnds Three potent antigenic fusion proteins.K8.1,ORF65 and ORF73 C of HHV- 8 were synthesized using E.coli system.The sera were detected using lhese antigenic proteins.The positive sera were from 12 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma and 32 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related Kaposi's sarcoma.The negative sera were from 20 patients with cutaneous tumors and children under 15 years old.Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EI.ISA)were employed to determine the immunogenicity of each recombinant protein and the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA using the complex antigens.Results Three types highly purified HHV 8 specific recombinant pro teins with potent antigenicity were successfully synthesized.The sensitivity of ELISA using the above complex antigens was significantly higher than traditional immuno-flurescent assay (IFA)detecting the positive and negative sera,whieh were 81.8%,34.4%,respectively.And the specificity of ELISA was 97.9%.Conclusion K8.1,ORF65 and ORE73 C are good candidate antigens for establishing HHV-8 serological detection methods,which have better sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To explore the open experimental training model using multimedia control system for nursing students to develop their core competencies. Methods Different model designs of multimedia control system were applied in the study group. After the one year training program, a self-designed survey was used to collect the students' evaluation. A comprehensive test was carried out and the scores of it were compared to the traditional training group. Results Test sores of the study group was significantly higher than of the control group's (P<0.01), and the survey results showed that using multimedia control system in the open experimental training program was highly accepted by the nursing students (97.1%). Conclusions Using multimedia control system in the open experimental training program can improve the nursing students' competencies and comprehensive quality.

Objective To explore the therapeutic efficacy of levofloxacin combined with anti-tuberculosis drugs and thoracic catheterization for the treatment of tuberculous pleuritis.Methods Patients who were admitted to Departments of Infectious Diseases of Hanzhong Central Hospital and Ankang Central Hospital between February 2014 and August 2016 for initial treatment of tuberculous pleuritis were included in the study,they were divided into groups A,B,C and D.Group A received 2HRZE + 7HR regimen combined with conventional drainage;group B received 2HRZE+ 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group C received 2HRZEV + 7HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization;group D received 2HRZEV + 10HR regimen combined with thoracic catheterization.groups B,C and D received thoracic catheterization,normal saline 20mL and urokinase 100,000U were given through the drainage tube.Results A total of 172 patients with newly diagnosed tuberctlous pleurisy were received for treatment.There were 45,53,38,and 36 cases in group A,B,C,and D respectively.The total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group A was lower than that in group B(64.44％ vs 90.57％,x2 =9.863,P＜ 0.05);after two month therapy,total effective rate of therapy for pleural effusion in group B was lower than that in group C (18.87％ vs 39.47％,x2 =4.716,P＜0.05);at the end of therapy,total effective rate in group C was lower than that in group D (60.53 ％ vs 83.33 ％,x2 =4.731,P＜0.05).Conclusion For initial treatment of patients with tuberculous pleuritis,2HRZEV + 10HR antituberculosis regimen combined with thoracic catheterization and urokinase infusion can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and recovery rate of tuberculous pleuritis,facilitate drainage of pleural effusion and prevent pleural thickening,adhesion and encapsulation.

Nasal polyp (NP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity and sinuses.Although some authors have suggested that NP is related to inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β,IL-5,IL-8,granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF),tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,and IL-17,the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of NP remain obscure.This study investigated the expression and distribution of IL-17 and syndecan-1 in NP,and explored the roles of these two molecules in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (Eos CRSwNP) and non-Eos CRSwNP.Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of IL-17 and syndecan-1 in samples [NP,unciform process (UP) from patients with CRS,and middle turbinate (MT) from healthy controls undergoing pituitary tumor surgery].The results showed that the expression levels of IL-17 and syndecan-1 were upregulated in both NP and UP tissues,but both factors were higher in NP tissues than in UP tissues.There was no significant difference in IL-17 levels between the Eos CRSwNP and non-Eos CRSwNP samples,and syndecan-1 levels were increased in the non-Eos CRSwNP tissues as compared with those in Eos CRSwNP tissues.In all of the groups,there was a close correlation between the expression of IL-17 and syndecan-1 in nasal mucosa epithelial cells,glandular epithelial cells,and inflammatory cells,suggesting that IL-17 and syndecan-1 may play a role,and interact with each other,in the pathogenesis ofnon-Eos CRSwNP.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX and its significance in molecular subtyping of breast carcinomas. METHODL MaxVision immunohistochemical staining was used to examine the expression of ER, PR, HER2, CK5/6, EGFR, and CA IX in 117 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinomas.

RESULTSThe patients' age ranged from 25 to 71 years (mean 49.6 years). All the 117 cases were subclassified into five subtypes, with 66 (56.4%) luminal A, 6(5.1%) luminal B, 10 (8.6%) HER2 positive, 20 (17.1%) basal-like, and 15 (12.8%) unclassified tumors. The expression of CA IX in luminal A and basal-like breast cancers was 13.6% (9/66) and 8/20, respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Among the luminal A cancers, the expression of CA IX in tumors > 2 cm (7/27, 25.9%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of tumors ≤ 2 cm (2/39, 5.1%). The expression of CA IX in grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma (18/50, 36.0%) was significantly higher than that in grade 1 (2/21, 9.5%) and 2 (7/46, 15.2%) tumors (both P = 0.006). In CA IX-negative of invasive ductal carcinoma, the expression of ER and PR was 61.1% (55/90) and 55.6% (50/90), respectively; whereas in CA IX-positive cancers, the expression of ER and PR was 37.0% (10/27) and 29.6% (8/27), respectively. The expression of hormone receptors in CA IX-negative tumors was significantly higher than that in CA IX-positive tumors (for both ER and PR, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of CA IX correlates not only with molecular subtypes of breast cancer, but also with the grading, hormone receptors and diameter of mammary invasive ductal carcinoma. CA IX is a relative independent marker of poor prognosis in breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carbonic Anhydrase IX ; Carbonic Anhydrases ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Grading ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden