BackgroundResearch demonstrated that vitamin D3 mediated by its receptor has the potent nonclassical effects,including immunomodulatory,antiinflammatory,and neuroprotective properties,and it can enhance the secretion and sensitivity of insulin and therefore down-regulate hyperglycemia and attenuate the corneal edema.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the protective effect of vitamin D3on ocular structure in experimental diabetic rat.Methods Twenty-two healthy SPF C57BL/6 rats were randomly divided into vitamine D3 group (8 rabbits),diabetic control group ( 11 rabbits) and normal control group ( 3 rabbits).2％ streptozotocin ( STZ,175 mg/kg)was intraperitoneally injected to create the diabetic models in the rats of the vitamine D3 group and diabetic control group.Blood glucose was examined for 3 times in the third day after STZ injection,and the rats with the blood glucose concentration ＞16.7 mmol/L was identified as the successful diabetic models.After modeling,the rat tail blood was collected for the monitoring of blood glucose.Two weeks after modeling,vitamine D3 was intraperitoneally injected in each week for 5 times.The fundus was examined using direct ophtalmoscope,and the eyeballs were obtained under the excessive anesthesia for the measurement of thickness of the central cornea,retina and choroids by histopathological examination once a week for 7 weeks after administration of vitamin D3.The administration of the animals complied with the Statement of ARVO.ResultsThe corneal edema appeared with the corneal thickness of (339.14± 11.13) μm in the first week and gradually attenuated with time elapse after modeling in the diabetic group ( F =382.446,P =0.000).The corneal thickness values were significantly decreased from the second week through the seventh week in the vitamin D3 group compared with diabetic control group(P＜0.05).The atrophy of the corneal epithelium was found from the fifth week to the seventh week in diabetic control group,but that in vitamin D3 group was slight (P＜0.05).The gradually thinning of the choroids was seen from the first week to the seventh week in the diabetic control group ( F =437.411,P =0.000 ),however,the thickness values in the vitamin D3 group were significantly increased in comparison with the diabetic control group in various time points (P＜0.05).The retina thickness was gradually reduced during the seven-week duration in the diabetic control group (F =91.859,P =0.000),but no significant change was identified in retina thickness in the vitamin D3 group(P＞0.05).ConclusionsVitamin D3 has prevent and therapeutic effects on experimental diabetic oculopathy.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of renal injury in chronic hepatitis C patients(CHC).Methods The clinical data of 213 CHC patients,who were hospitalized in the People's Hospital of Peking University from Jan.2002 to Oct.2007,were collected.The eGFR was caculated by MDRD equation.The prevalence and risk factors of renal injury in the CHC patients was analyzed by SPSS software.Results The patients has an average age of (53.5?14.7)years old,with male patients accounting for 59.6% and female accounting for 40.4%.We also found that 22.1% patients had hypertension,25.8% had diabetes mellitus,and 94.8% had serum positive HCV RNA.The prevalence of CKD was 26.3%,the prevalence of proteinuria was 14.6%,and the rate of hematuria was 2.8%.Serumpostive HCV RNA was the independent risk factor of proteinuria as demonstrated by multiple variation logistic regress analysis(P=0.028,OR:2.610,95%CI:1.107~6.151).Proteinuria(P=0.02,OR:3.759,95%CI:1.227~11.521),age(P=0.004,OR:1.058,95%CI:1.018~1.100)and blood uric acid(P

Adult ; Aged ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; analysis ; Coal Mining ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; chemistry ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; metabolism ; Pneumoconiosis ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; analysis

Biomedical Engineering of Electronic Engineering Deparment, Fudan University Shanghai, 200433 Based on the pulse-coded transmitting and wide-band receiving system, this paper describes a research of phase design a special power management circuit according to the particular demands of a real-time and continuously monitor system is essential. Combined with the requirement of voltage and current in separated module, three aspect must be considered, that is, how to select the functional component, how to accomplish voltage converting and how to carry on battery management. The test at last shows that, using this circuit and the 4400 mAh battery the energy utilization is more than 88%, and the work time is more than 20 hours.
Electric Power Supplies ; Equipment Design ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; instrumentation ; Telemedicine ; instrumentation

Objective To improve the accuracy of patient' s identification and normalize the checking details for preventing from the error intravenous ( i.v.) infusion.Methods Participants who were eligible for this study from Department of Orthopedics,Nanxishan Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were assigned to control group and observational group by random number method.The control group included 1 410 patients which had 42 026 set intravenous infusion solutions and confirmed identity by the traditional procedure.The observation group included 41 102 set intravenous infusion solutions in 1 303 patients.In observational group,we confirmed patients' identity by speaking out their name and age and looking over the patient' s label on the infusion bottle by their family members along with the traditional procedure.The number of patients and i.v.solutions set regarding borderline errors of identification during venepuncture or replacing infusion bottle were investigated in two groups.Results 1 404 patients in control group were accurately confirmed identity and 6 patients had borderline errors.1 303 patients in observation group were accurately confirmed identity and 0 patients had borderline errors,the difference between the two groups showed statistical significance ( P =0.032).In control group,42 020 set were accurately confirmed identity and 6 set had borderline errors,however,in observation group 41 102 set were accurately confirmed identity and 0 set had borderline errors,the difference between the two groups showed statistical significance ( P =0.031 ).Conclusions Patients participate in double-identity confirmation can effectively prevent from error of i.v.solutions.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of incidence and prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer in thirty years in Taiwan. METHODS: The databases of women with epithelial ovarian cancer during the period from 1979 to 2008 were retrieved from the National Cancer Registration System of Taiwan. The incidence and prognosis of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 9,491 patients were included in the study. The age-adjusted incidences of epithelial ovarian cancer were 1.01, 1.37, 2.37, 3.24, 4.18, and 6.33 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, in every 5-year period from 1979 to 2008. The age-specific incidence rates increased especially in serous, endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma, and the age of diagnosis decreased from sixty to fifty years old in the three decades. Patients with mucinous, endometrioid, or clear cell carcinoma had better long-term survival than patients with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). Patients with undifferentiated carcinoma or carcinosarcoma had poorer survival than those with serous carcinoma (log rank test, p<0.001). The mortality risk of age at diagnosis of 30-39 was significantly higher than that of age of 70 years or more (test for trend, p<0.001). The mortality risk decreased from the period of 1996-1999 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.90; p=0.054) to the period after 2000 (HR, 0.74; p<0.001) as compared with that from the period of 1991-1995. CONCLUSION: An increasing incidence and decreasing age of diagnosis in epithelial ovarian cancer patients were noted. Histological type, age of diagnosis, and treatment period were important prognostic factors for epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
Carcinoma ; Carcinosarcoma ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mucins ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; Taiwan

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of clinical and pathological-morphological parameters on the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

METHODSUnivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were used to study the influence of clinical and pathological-morphological factors on the prognosis in 226 colorectal carcinoma cases.

RESULTSUsing univariate analysis, data showed that the factors significantly related to disease prognosis would include: the depth of direct spread, vessel invasion, perineural invasion, tumor budding, peritumoral-lymphocytic infiltration, Crohn-like reaction, number of positive lymph nodes, distant metastasis, TNM stage and urine glucose. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard model showed that six factors were identified to be associated with higher relative-risk (RR), including: older age, advanced TNM stage, more severe budding, perineural invasion, less peritumoral-lymphocytic infiltration and urine glucose.

CONCLUSIONAge, TNM stage, tumor budding, perineural invasive, peritumoral-lymphocytic infiltration and urine glucose were independent predictors to the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma.

Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Female ; Glycosuria ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of clinical and pathomorphological parameters on the prognosis of colon carcinoma and rectal carcinoma.

METHODSUnivariate and multivariate COX proportional hazard models were used to study the effects of the clinical and pathomorphological factors on the prognosis in 101 cases of colon carcinoma, 219 of rectal carcinoma and 137 of rectal carcinoma under curative resections.

RESULTBy using univariate analysis, we identified that lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis were the common prognostic factors for both colon carcinoma and rectal carcinoma. Smoking, deep infiltration, chemotherapy and serum albumin concentration were the uncertain prognostic factors for colon carcinoma. Signet-ring cell carcinoma, larger tumor size (>6 cm), deep infiltration, lack of radical surgery, and advanced TNM stage were the exclusive adverse prognostic factors for rectal carcinoma. Further studies showed that the adverse prognostic factors for the rectal carcinoma under curative resection included deep infiltration, lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion, less of peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration, lack of Crohn's like reactivity, high level of tumor budding, advanced TNM stage and positive urine glucose. By using multivariate analysis based on a COX proportional hazard model, it was identified that smoking, lymph node metastasis and serum albumin concentration were independent prognostic factors for colon carcinoma; advanced TNM stage, distant metastasis and palliative surgery for rectal carcinoma; and vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and urine glucose for rectal carcinoma under curative resections.

CONCLUSIONThe various clinical and pathomorphological parameters show different prognostic value for colon carcinoma, rectal carcinoma and rectal carcinoma under curative resections.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; pathology ; surgery ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo better understand the clinical feature of viral gastroenteritis attributed to noroviruses and to summarize the experience on an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis through rapidly colleting and confirmation of related information regarding to noroviruses in hospitals.

METHODSInformation on an outbreaks involving 18 patients with acute gastroenteritis in one hospital regarding its epidemiological and clinical features and to perform bacteria culture for stool specimens on every patient. On 7 patients, rotavirus antigen were RNA tested together with norovirus nucleic acid were examined by ELISA and PAGE and RT-PCR.

RESULTS(1) Most of the patients were elderly with several chronic diseases. (2) Watery diarrhea (12/18, 66.67%) and few with mucous (3/18, 16.67%) were seen. Most stool examination was normal (10/18, 55.56%) but few stool specimen could be found with some leucocytes (3/18, 16.67%) and little occult blood (4/18, 22.22%). (3) All bacteria culture in stools showed negative. There was no rotavirus RNA identified but 3 specimen showed norovirus nucleic acid positive as 42.86% (3/7).

CONCLUSIONNorovirus was one of the important pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in hospitals attacking elderly with several chronic diseases in particular. Surveillance program targeting elderly inpatient with diarrhea should be enhanced, especially in autumn and winter.

Acute Disease ; Aged ; Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Feces ; virology ; Gastroenteritis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hospitals ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Norovirus ; isolation & purification ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical outcomes between China made sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and bare metal stents (BMS) implantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSConsecutive patients with AMI underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly divided into SES group (n = 87) and BMS group (n = 86). The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE including death, reinfarction, in-stent thrombosis, restenosis rate, target vessel revascularization) up to 6 months post PCI were assessed.

RESULTSPostprocedure vessel patency, enzymatic release, cardiac function, and the incidence of short-term MACE were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Two in-stent thrombosis was diagnosed in the SES group and bare stents group respectively (2.4% vs. 2.3%, P > 0.05). At 6 months, In-stent restenosis rate (4.5% vs. 40.0%, P < 0.01) and the in-segment restenosis rate (6.8% vs. 44.9%, P < 0.01) as well as MACE (8.0% vs. 24.4%, P < 0.01), which is mainly due to a marked reduction in the risk of target vessel revascularization (3.4% vs. 11.6%, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in SES group compared to BMS group.

CONCLUSIONThe China made SES were not associated with an increased risk of in-stent thrombosis but significantly reduced restenosis rate and MACE at 6 months post primary angioplasty in patients with AMI.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; therapy ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage