Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Bone Remodeling ; drug effects ; Growth and Development ; drug effects ; physiology ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testosterone ; blood

· Vascular endothelial growth factor is indispensable inducing factor in retinalangiogenesis. After the retinal neovascularization of proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ) patients, it can cause fibrovascular membrane formation, epiretinal membrane fibrosis increased, resulting in traction retinal detachment with further aggravate the condition. The recent research suggests that cytokines promote fibroblast proliferation, movement, adhesion, and secretion of extracellular matrix functions in the diabetic state of the environment changes to profibrogenic state, resulting in the accumulation and fibrosis of extracellular matrix. This paper reviewed the status quo of the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and fibrosis-related cytokine.

OBJECTIVETo provide a new material for producing the Rhodiolasachalinensis products, the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on callus biomass and effective compound accumulation of Rhodiolasachalinensis was studied.

METHODThe calluses-cultured in 3 L-air lift balloon type bioreactor were treated with MeJA after 20 d of bioreactor culture and the effect of MeJA concentration and treatment days on callus biomass, salidroside or polysaccharide accumulation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were investigated.

RESULTThe callus biomass was not significantly different after MeJA treatment (125) for 0-6 d but obviously decreased after 6 d treatment. The maximum salidroside or polysaccharide contents and SOD or POD activities were found after 4 d treatment of MeJA. MeJA concentration significantly affected callus biomass and effective compound accumulation, biomass decreased at MeJA concentrations higher than 125 μmol x L(-1). However, the effective compound contents were determined at higher MeJA concentration, and the highest salidroside and polysaccharide accumulation was found at 225 and 275 μmol x L(-1) MeJA, respectively and the maximum SOD and POD activities was found at 225 μmol x L(-1) MeJA. The effective compound contents in callus were compared with field-grown plants. Salidroside contents in calluses were 1.1-fold and 2. 4-fold more than in plant roots and stem or leave, respectively. Polysaccharide content in calluses were 3. 6-fold and 8.0-fold more than in plant roots and stem or leave, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSalidorside and polysaccharide in Rhodiolasachalinensiscalluses improved by MeJA treatment, 225 μmol x L(-1) MeJA and 4 d treatment were optimal. The effective compound contents in callus were obviously higher than in field-grown plants. Therefore, bioreactor culture is efficient for obtaining mass effective compounds of Rhodiolasachalinensis by culturing calluses. This method could provide an alternative material source for production of Rhodiolasachalinensis products.

Acetates ; pharmacology ; Biomass ; Bioreactors ; Cyclopentanes ; pharmacology ; Glucosides ; metabolism ; Oxylipins ; pharmacology ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Phenols ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; metabolism ; Rhodiola ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Pyrazoles ; therapeutic use ; Pyridines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Smoking

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common type of hematopoietic malignancies seriously threatening human life. Resistance to chemotherapy is one of the main reasons for recurrence and refractoriness of acute myeloid leukemia. The mechanisms of chemoresistance are complex. This article reviews the mechanisms of chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia,the current research advances and the possible approach for reverse of drug resistance.
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; physiology ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor suberic bishydroxamate (SBHA) on human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines.

METHODSAML U937, KG-1 and Kasumi-1 cells were treated with SBHA. Cell growth was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Activation of Caspase pathway and expression of apoptosis regulator proteins were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSSBHA significantly induced growth arrest and apoptosis in U937, KG-1 and Kasumi-1 cells. Enhanced apoptosis was observed in SHBA group evidenced by strong activation of Caspase-9, Caspase-8 and Caspase-3. SHBA treatment resulted in down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl expression; down-regulated expression of antiapoptotic proteins survivin, XIAP and cIAP was also detected after SBHA treatment.

CONCLUSIONSBHA can effectively kill AML cells by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis, which is associated with the activation of Caspase pathway and regulation of apoptotic related proteins.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; metabolism ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture at Changqiang (GV 1) and Chengshan (BL 57) 30 min before surgery on postoperative pain and discomforts in patients with mixed hemorrhoids.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of mixed hemorrhoids who received Milligan-Morgan operation were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group, a sham electroacupuncture group and a blank group, 40 cases in each one. At the same time of basic treatment, the electroacupuncture was applied at Changqiang (GV 1) and Chengshan (BL 57) 30 min before surgery in the electroacupuncture group, while shallow needling without electrical stimulation at sham acupoint (1 cm next to acupoint) was applied 30 min before surgery in the sham electroacupuncture group, while no treatment was given before the surgery in the blank group. The total dose of painkillers in the first 24 h after operation, the number of cases who received additional anesthetic in the operation, the self-score of most severity pain in the first 24 h after operation and sleeping time in the night of surgery were observed.

RESULTSThe differences of the numbers of cases who received additional anesthetic in the operation had no statistical significance among the three groups (all P > 0.05), but compared with the sham electroacupuncture group and blank group, the total dose of painkillers in the first 24 h after operation was reduced in the electroacupuncture group [(2.43 +/- 1.08) tablets vs (3.23 +/- 1.33) tablets, (3.10 +/- 1.22) tablets], and the score of most severity pain was also decreased (6.65 +/- 1.00 vs 7.48 +/- 0.96, 7.25 +/- 1.19), besides, the sleeping time in the night of surgery was increased [(220.63 +/- 85.50) min vs (162.00 +/- 92.69) min, (151.50 +/- 80.01) min, all P < 0.05].

CONCLUSIONThe electroacupuncture at Changqiang (GV 1) and Chengshan (BL 57) 30 min before surgery has effects of preemptive analgesia on postoperative pain for patients with mixed hemorrhoids.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Hemorrhoids ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain, Postoperative ; therapy ; Young Adult

Abdominal Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery ; Abdominal Wall ; Antiporters ; metabolism ; Choriocarcinoma ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epithelioid Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Gestational Trophoblastic Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; surgery ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Uterine Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

The morphology,cultural characteristics,physiological and biochemical properties of phosphate solubilizing strain BL-11 were studied.Combine with its 16S rDNA sequence analysis result strain BL-11 was identified as Brevibacillus laterosporus.Results showed that the phosphate solubilizing efficiency of strain BL-11was up to 10.91% when with Ca_ 3 (PO_ 3 )_ 2 as the sole phosphorus source in the medium,while the efficiency of that was up to 1.56% when with sands as the sole phosphorus source.An optimal media of BL-11 strain for solubilizing phosphate was obtained by orthogonal test.It was composed of sugar 20g/L,(NH_ 4 )_ 2 HCO_ 3 0.3g/L,MgSO_ 4 .7H_ 2 O 0.5g/L,NaCl 0.3{g/L},KCl 0.5g/L,FeSO_ 4 0.03g/L,MnSO_ 4 .H_ 2 O 0.03{g/L.}_ While other conditions were consisted of initial pH7.0-8.0,180 r/min,and 30℃.

Objective To analyze the sensitivity of clinical isolates of Candida albicans to flucona- zole,to detect mutations in their ERG11 genes,and to investigate the correlation between ERG11 gene mutation and resistance to fluconazole.Methods Candida albicans was identified from clinical isolates of Candida spp..The sensitivity to fluconazole was detected in vitro by microdilution-basesd method and Rosco tablets method.Three pairs of primers were designed to amplify three fragments of ERG11 gene(483 bps, from 295 bp to777 bp;482bps,from 723 bp to 1204 bp;489 bps,from 1179 bp to 1667 bp)after the extracting of genomic DNA.PCR products were sequenced.Results Eighty clinical isolates of Candida spp.were collected,which included 52 isolates of Candida albicans,all of which were sensitive to flucona- zole.Nineteen mutations were detected in ERG11 gene of 5 fluconazole-sensitive clinical isolates.Of the 19 mutations,14 were samesense mutations,and the remaing 5 missense mutations(T495A,A530C, G640A,A945C and G1609A),resulting in amino acid substitution D116E,K128T,E165K,E266D and V488I,respectively in lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase.E165K was a novel mutation.Conclusions The clinical isolates of Candida albicans were highly sensitive to fluconazole;E165K and V488I might not lead to the resistance of Candida albicans to fluconazole.