Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Adolescent ; Anal Canal ; physiopathology ; Child ; Constipation ; physiopathology ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Rectum ; physiopathology

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; etiology ; therapy ; Benzene ; poisoning ; Bone Marrow Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

AIMTo investigate the effect of acute exhaustive exercise on gastrointestinal motility and its enteric nervous mechanisms.

METHODS24 rats were randomly divided into control group (C) and acute exhaustive exercise group (AEE). The rate of gastrointestinal transit was measured and histologic changes of nitriergic nerves in ileum myenteric plexus were observed with enzymatic histochemical and image analytic technique.

RESULTSIn the rats of AEE group, the rate of gastrointestinal transit was delayed comparing with C group (P < 0.05), the numbers of nitrergic neurons and expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the ileum myenteric plexus significantly increased comparing with C group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIt is possible that increase of nitrergic neurons and expression levels of NOS in the myenteric plexus of small intestine are one of the mechanisms of delay of gastrointestinal transit rate in acute exhaustive exercise rats.

Animals ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; physiology ; Gastrointestinal Transit ; physiology ; Ileum ; innervation ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Myenteric Plexus ; metabolism ; Nitrergic Neurons ; cytology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) in protection of rat hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury and its underlying mechanisms.

METHODSCardiac contractility, lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), creatine kinase(CK) and infarct area were analyzed by the Langendorff isolated rat hearts. All isolated hearts were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion.

RESULTSPerfusion with 25 micromol/L of CORM-2 (an exogenous CO releaser) during the first 10 min of reperfusion prevented the increase in LVEDP and decrease in LVDP, +dp/dt(max) in isolated ischemia/reperfusion hearts. CORM-2(25 micromol/L) had no effect on the changes of coronary flow, but it really inhibited the release of LDH and CK, and also reduced the infarct size. Perfusion with 10 micromol/L of CORM-2 decreased the LDH, CK and infarct size, but it did not improve the contractility of ischemia/reperfusion hearts. However, perfusion with 100 micromol/L of CORM-2 exacerbated the injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion. Pretreatment of a NOS inhibitor L-NAME and a HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP partly abolished the protection effect of CORM-2(25 micromol/L) on LVEDP, and L-NAME and a GC inhibitor methylene blue could also cancel the enhance of LVDP and +dp/dt(max) incuced by CORM-2. All of the inhibitor (methylene blue, L-NAME, a mitoK(ATP )channel blocker 5-HD and ZnPP) could partly enlarge infarct area compared with CORM-2 treatment.

CONCLUSIONSExogenous CO could protect heart from ischemia/reperfusion injury. The cardiac protection of CO might be through NOS-cGMP and HO-1 pathway, and the activation of mitoK(ATP)channel might be also involved in.

Animals ; Carbon Monoxide ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction ; drug effects ; Myocardial Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; Organometallic Compounds ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Seizures ; chemically induced

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of the rhizome of Matteuccia struthiopteris.

METHODThe constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography with silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Their structures were identified on the basis of physical and spectral data.

RESULTSix compounds were isolated and identified as demethoxymatteucinol (1), matteucinol (2), pinosylvin (3), matteuorien (4), pinosylvin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), matteuorienate A (6).

CONCLUSIONAll Compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Chromones ; chemistry ; Dryopteridaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between procalcitonin (PCT) levels and liver function in liver cirrhosis patients.

METHODSCollect serum samples from 44 liver cirrhosis patients, detect the PCT levels by semi-quantitative solid immunoassay, and at the same time, detect the serum levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, ALB, CHE, CHOL, PTA etc, then rate the patients by Child-pugh scoring system into Child-pugh A, B, C.

RESULTSset PCT > 0.5 microg/L as the positive threshold, significantly the PCT positive patients have higher ALT, TBIL but lower CHOL, PTA compared with the PCT negative patients. With the increasing of PCT levels, the ALT, AST, TBIL levels are gradually increased too, but PTA decreased. We find that the PCT positive patients are mainly Child-pugh B and C patients, and PCT negative patients are mainly Child-pugh C patients. PCT positive patient's lymphocyte count are lower than PCT negative patient's.

CONCLUSIONLiver injury increase the risk of infection in liver cirrhosis patients. As the severity of the injury, the patients are easier to progress into severe infection. Combined with monitoring the PCT levels, pay more attention to protect the liver function will be helpful in early detecting infections and controlling of infection in liver cirrhosis patients.

Calcitonin ; blood ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Precursors ; blood

OBJECTIVETo find the development rules of microbial community in rhizoma sphere of the cultivated Atractylodes lancea.

METHODTotal bacteria, fungi and actinomyces were counted by CFU x g(-1) though dilution plate method. And genomic DNA of microbes were extracted and amplified by primers of E. coli's 27f and 1492r to get the 16S rDNA, then the restriction endonuclease Hinf was used to digest the 16S rDNA.

RESULTTotal bacteria, fungi and actinomyces in 2-year old soil were lower than in 1-year old soil, they decreased 46. 14%, 49. 25%, 31.88% respectively and made the ratio of themselves changed. At the same time, all the 8 soil samples got fine 16S rDNA bands, which were about 1500 bp. And the main bands of most of the samples were found at 1000 bp, but the weak bands of each were different although most bands in the same year samples were more similar than in different year ones.

CONCLUSIONIt is indicated that the change of soil microbial community may has some relation to the continous cropping barrier of A. lancea.

Actinomyces ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Atractylodes ; growth & development ; Bacteria ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Biodiversity ; Colony Count, Microbial ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Fungi ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Rhizome ; growth & development ; Soil Microbiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate molecular epidemiologic features of rotaviruses circulating in Shanghai, China.

METHODSStool samples were collected from 1230 hospitalized children with community-acquired and nosocomially acquired diarrhea in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University between November 1, 1999 and December 31, 2001. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to detect rotavirus genomic RNA and identify electropherotypes of group A rotavirus RNAs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to amplify full length VP7 gene and dot blot hybridization was performed to identify rotavirus G serotypes using digoxigenin-labelled variable regions from VP7 genes as probes. These probes were amplified by PCR from recombinant plasmids containing full length G1, G2, G3 and G4 VP7 genes from rotavirus field strains detected in Beijing and digoxigenin labelled dUTP was integrated into the PCR products. The Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance was employed to analyze whether there were significant differences in variables.

RESULTSOut of 1230 samples investigated, 493 (40.1%) were group A rotavirus gene positive by PAGE, among which 397 (80.5%) showed long electropherotypes, 55 (11.2%) showed short electropherotypes, 18 (3.7%) showed mixed electropherotypes which suggested that the children were co-infected by rotaviruses with different electropherotypes, 23 (4.7%) were non-typable because of degradation of some of the genomic RNA fragments. No group B or group C rotavirus was found. RT-PCRs were performed for 328 fecal specimens containing sufficient rotavirus RNAs and VP7 gene products were obtained from 254 (77.4%) samples. Dot blot hybridization showed serotype G1 accounted for 55.5% (141) of these samples, serotype G3 accounted for 27.6% (70), serotype G2 accounted for 9.4% (24), co-infection by 2 rotaviruses with different G types accounted for 6.3% (16), only 1 G4 was detected and 2 were non-typable. The genomic RNA patterns of all G2 strains were short and those of G1, G3 and G4 strains were long. There were no statistically significant differences for age distribution and clinical manifestations among those infants and children infected by rotaviruses with different G serotypes.

CONCLUSIONGroup A rotavirus is the major pathogen for diarrhea in infants and children in Shanghai during the period of Nov. 1999 to Dec. 2001. Rotaviruses with long electropherotype were dominant during these years. Serotypes G1 to G3 constituted 98.8% of all 254 strains tested, and G1 was the most common serotype followed by G3 and G2, whereas serotype G4 was seldom found. Some of the children were co-infected by rotaviruses with different G serotypes. Clinical manifestations were not related to the infecting rotavirus with different G serotypes.

Age Factors ; Antigens, Viral ; Capsid Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Collection ; Dysentery ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rotavirus ; classification ; genetics ; Rotavirus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Serotyping