Objective:To summarize the drug repercussion data in outpatient pharmacy and analyze the reasons to provide sugges-tions for the improvement. Methods: The information was collected from the hospital information system ( HIS) during January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015, including drug name, category, quantity, amount, reasons for drug repercussion and the other statisti-cal data. Results:During the three years, the number of prescription drugs, amount of money and varieties of drug repercussion were increased. The most common reasons for drug repercussion were the other reasons, withdrawn by doctors and the request of patients. The sum of drug repercussion was positively correlated with the drug price and the amount of drug repercussion. Conclusion:The op-tion simplicity for drug repercussion in HIS is the main reason for drug repercussion bythe other reasons. The occurrence of drug re-percussion should be intervened by such methods as gradually improving the HIS, establishing intervention measures, enhancing the professional quality of pharmacists and so on.

Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal ; therapy ; Humans

ObjectiveTo determine whether prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) has a role in the management of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)treated with radical intent.MethodsWe searched The Cochrane Library,MEDLINE,EMbase,CBM,CNKI and VIP.The quality of the includedstudieswascriticallyevaluated.Dataanalyseswereperformed usingtheCochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.1 software.ResultsFour randomized controlled trials involving 905 patients met the inclusion criteria.The results meta-analyses showed the incidence of brain metastases was lower in PCI group compared with the observation group ( x2 =1.98,P =0.000 ) ; but there is no evidence of 1-year overall survival (OS) benefit ( x2 =1.12,P =0.880).Only RTOG 2009 provides prospective data:There were no significant differences in global cognitive function (P =0.600) or ADL ( P =0.880) after PCI,but there was a significant decline in immediate recall (P=0.030) and delayed recall (P =0.008 ) at 1 year,At 1 year,there was no significant differences in QOL after PCI ( P =0.050).Conclusions This systematic review show significantly decreases the risk of BM without improving 1-year OS in NSCLC patient receiving prophylactic cranial irradiation.There is insufficient evidence to support the use of PCI in clinical practice.Where possible,patients should be offered entry into a clinical trial.

Objective To systematically evaluate the influence of radiotherapy on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients treated with breast conservation surgery.Methods Electronic databases including PubMed,Ovid,CBM,VIP and CNKI and seven journals in Chinese (including the Chin J Breast Cancer,Chin J Clin Oncol,Chin J Radiat Oncol,Chin J Cancer,Chin J Oncol,J Pract Oncol and Tumor)were searched.Clinical trials comparing survival rates of patients with TNBC and non TNBC treated with breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy were reviewed.The quality assessment and data extraction were performed by two reviewers independently.RevMan5.1 software developed by the Cochrane collaboration was used for Meta-analysis.The 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS),overall survival (OS) and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) rates were the primary end points.Results Five trials including 2345 patients with breast cancer were included in this systematic review.417 patients had TNBC and 1928 patients had non TNBC.Meta-analysis showed that the 5-year DMFS and OS rates of patients with TNBC were lower compared with non TNBC (Z =5.29,P =0.000 and Z =3.35,P =0.001).There was no statistical significant difference in 5-year LRFS rate between patients with TNBC and non TNBC (Z =1.35,P =0.180).Conclusion Radiotherapy provides good local control for patients with TNBC after breast conservation surgery.

Background and objective With the most recent introduction of microarray technology to biology, it becomes possible to perform comprehensive analysis of gene expression in cancer cell. In this study the laser microdissection technique and cDNA microarray analysis were combined to obtain accurate molecular profiles of lymphatic metastasis in patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Primary lung squamous cancer tissues and regional lymph nodes were obtained from 10 patients who underwent complete resection of lung cancer. According to the source of lung cancer cells, the samples were classified into three groups: the primary tumor with lymphatic metastasis (TxN+, n=5), the primary tumor without lymphatic metastasis (TxN-, n=5) and matched tumor cells from metastatic lymph nodes (N+, n=5). Total RNA was extracted from laser microdissected tumor samples. Adequate RNA starting material of mRNA from primary tumor or metastatic nodes were labeled and then hybridized into the same microarray containing 6 000 known, named human genes/ESTs. After scanning, data analysis was performed using GeneSpringTM6.2. Results A total of 37 genes were found to be able to separate TxN+ from TxN-. TxN+ have higher levels of genes concerned with structural protein, signal transducer, chaperone and enzyme. TxN- have higher levels of genes coding for cell cycle regulator, transporter, signal transducer and apoptosis regulator. Interestingly, there were no differentially expressed genes between N+ and TxN+.Conclusion The acquisition of the metastatic phenotype might occur early in the development of lung squamons cancer. We raise the hypothesis that the gene-expression signature described herein is valuable to elucidate the molecular mechanisms regarding lymphatic metastasis and to look for novel therapeutic targets.

AIM: To study in vivo the effect of androgen on mice tear film stability and Mucins expressions in corneal epithelial cells in BALB/ c mice after orchectomy.
METHODS: With orchiectomy operation, we set up mice model. And serum androgen concentration of mice was detected by radioimmunoassay. Break - up time ( BUT ) of tear film was tested in the different experimental points. Mice corneal epithelia were peeled and MUC1 and MUC4 mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot.
RESULTS: The serum androgen concentration reduced to 0ng/ μ L at 1wk after orchiectomy. The BUT values were 68. 33±12. 86s, 62. 47±3. 75s, 58. 67± 10. 03s, 47. 17±7. 64s, 39. 51±3. 39s, 32. 67±3. 88s and 31. 00±2. 36s in the normal control group, sham group and in orchectomy group at 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8wk, respectively, and the BUTs were significantly shorter in the orchectomy at 2, 4, 6 and 8wk groups than those in the normal control group (all at P< 0. 05). MUC1 and MUC4 mRNA and proteins levels decreased with androgen level lowering (P<0. 05). Mucin1 level was the lowest at 2wk after orchiectomy, and the lowest Mucin4 level was found at 1wk after orchiectomy.
CONCLUSION: In vivo, androgen regulates Mucins expressions in mice corneal epithelial cells, makes BUT shorter,and influence the stability of tear film.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Elliptocytosis, Hereditary ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Objective To examine the clinical effect of phacoemulsification with foldable posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (PC-IOL) in management of angle-closure glaucoma (ACG) with cataract. Methods Phacoemulsification with foldable PC-IOL implantation was performed in 31 eyes with ACG. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anteior chamber angle width were measured and recorded preoperatively, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months postoperatively. Results The mean IOP decreased significantly after surgery (P

Objective To investigate the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the factors influencing the related changes in cognitive ability.Methods Seventy-five subjects with mild cognitive impairment (the MCI group),32 with Alzheimer's disease (the AD group) and 17 others with normal cognition (the NC group) were recruited.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) and the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to assess their cognitive ability.At the same time,relevant clinical information such as their general condition and past history of disease were recorded.The subjects were followed up for 20 months on average to evaluate their annual rates of progression (APRs),and logistic regression was used to highlight any influencing factors.Results By the end of the follow-up,9 of the 75 MCI subjects had progressed to AD,with an APR of 5.25％.Thirteen cases had recovered normal cognitive functioning (97.6 per 1,000 person-years).Also,2 cases in the NC group (11.76％) developed MCI (69.1 per 1,000 person-years),but none of them had yet progressed to AD.Both hyperlipidemia and a body mass index (BMI) lower than 24 kg/m2 significantly predicted the deterioration of cognitive functioning.Heart disease was significantly correlated with cognitive improvement,and selfmanagement of cognitive function was also a significant protective factor.Conclusions Patients with MCI are at greater risk of developing AD than normal persons.Prevention and early treatment of hyperlipidemia as well as maintaining a normal BMI may delay the deterioration of cognitive functioning.Self-management of cognitive function can improve cognition.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of combination of Tongxiening granule and Mesalazine on treating mild and moderate ulcerative colitis(UC) .Methods Totally 380 patients with mild‐to‐moderate UC diagnosed through endoscopy were allocated to the control group (n=190) and observation group(n=190) .For the observation group ,patients were remedied with the combination of Tongxiening Granules and the Mesalazine by oral administration for eight weeks ,meanwhile the control group only received the Mesalazine for eight weeks .The total effective rate of the two groups were statistically analyzed ,and the levels of ser‐um MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 before and after treatment in the two groups were measured .The expression of S100A12 and RAGE were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method .Results The total effective rate of the observation group and the control group was 94 .74% and 89 .47% respectively ,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 in the two groups were decreased ,additionally the expression levels in the observation group was lower than those in the control group ,and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .01) .After treatment ,the expression levels of RAGE and S100A12 in the observation group were decreased ,and there was a significant difference when compared with the control group(P<0 .01) .Conclusion Combined application of Tongxiening Granules and Mesalazine in treating patients with mild‐to‐mod‐erate UC could better improve clinical symptoms and bring better therapeutic effect than single use of Mesalazine .