No abstract available.
Barium* ; Child* ; Diatrizoate Meglumine* ; Humans ; Intussusception*

Meconium plug syndrome (MPS) is the mildest and most common form of functional distal obstruction in the newborn. It is a transient obstruction of the distal colon and occasionally small bowel that is caused by inspissated immobile meconium. Neonates with MPS commonly presented with abdominal distension, bilious vomiting and problem with passage of meconium plugs. A plain abdominal radiograph often reveals generalized gaseous distention of the small bowel loops without an air-fluid level. A contrast enema is diagnostic, showing the outline of the meconium plug, and therapeutic if the plugs are passed out. In some cases of MPS there is failure to pass the meconium with the contrast enema, and emergent surgery is then required. We report here two cases of MPS that were diagnosed and treated by exploratory laparotomy and one case treated with Gastrografin enema.
Colon ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Enema ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Laparotomy ; Meconium* ; Vomiting

Since 1929, the iodine compounds were used intravenous pyelogram by the Swick, it was accepted for the use of intravenous pyelogram in the worldwide. Nevertheless, it has several minor and major side reactions, also it has been used to IVP or cholecystography at X-ray room without prepared for side reaction or resuscitation. We have experienced a case of sever hypersensitivity reaction with the urografin during IVP at X-ray room. Here, we review with the several articles including its etiology, symptoms and treatments. Especially, we classified the mild and severe reactionsby David and Frederick from Table 1 Table 6. Furthermore we considered that t is necessary to prepared the resuscitating instruments during IVP with urografin under local or general anesthesia.
Anesthesia, General ; Cholecystography ; Diatrizoate Meglumine* ; Hypersensitivity* ; Iodine Compounds ; Resuscitation

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a self-limited infection of skin caused by the genus Leishmania, a protozoan parasite transmitted by sandflies. Although various therapeutic regimens have been tried, no ideal therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis has yet been identified. We report a case of cutaneous leishmaniasis that was successfully treated with intralesional injection of meglumine antimoniate combined with oral metronidazole.
Injections, Intralesional* ; Leishmania ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous* ; Meglumine* ; Metronidazole ; Parasites ; Psychodidae ; Skin

PURPOSE: To compare the depiction of brain metastases on contrast-enhanced images with 7.0 tesla (T) and at 1.5T MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four consecutive patients with brain metastases were scanned on 7.0T whole-body scanner and 1.5T MRI. A 3D T1-weighted gradient echo sequence (3D T1-GRE) at 1.5T (voxel size = 0.9 x 0.9 x 1.5 mm3 after double-dose, gadoterate meglumine, Gd-DOTA) was compared to a 7.0T 3D T1-GRE sequence (voxel size = 0.4 x 0.4 x 0.8 mm3, single-dose Gd-DOTA) in four patients after a 5 minute delay. The number of contrast-enhancing metastases in MPRAGE images was compared in each patient by two radiologists in consensus. We measured contrast ratio of enhancing brain metastases and white matter in 1.5T and 7.0T. RESULTS: In all four patients 7.0T 3D T1-GRE images after single-dose Gd-DOTA and 1.5T after double-dose Gd-DOTA depicted 11 brain metastases equally. In the quantitative analysis of contrast ratios of enhancing brain metastases and white matter, the 1.5T 3D T1-GRE after double-dose showed an increased contrast ratio compared to 7.0T 3D T1-GRE after single-dose (0.961 +/- 0.571 versus 0.885 +/- 0.494; n = 11 metastases). But this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.711). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicate that 7.0T single-dose Gd-enhanced images were not different to 1.5T double-dose Gd-enhanced images for the detection of brain metastases.
Brain* ; Consensus ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meglumine ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the severity of tissue necrosis of liver according to various kinds of contrast materials used in percutaneous transhepatic procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four kinds of commercially available contrast material were used in the this study :meglumine ioxithalamate (ionic monomer, Telebrix 30, Guerbet, France), meglumine ioglicinate (ionic dimer, Rayvist 300, Schering, Germany), iopromide (nonionic monomer, Ultravist 300, Schering, Germany), and iotrolan (nonionic dimer, Isovist 300, Schering, Germany). The same amount(0.1 ml) of each contrast material was directly injected into the liver of Sprongue-Dawley rats. After two days and four weeks, the histopathologic findings of resected liver were assessed and analysed with special emphasis on the difference in the area of tissue necrosis between each group. RESULTS: In the liver resected 48 hours later, the area of necrosis was related to the osmolality and ionicity of contrast material used :the higher the osmolality, the wider the area of necrosis and ionic contrast material exhibited wider area of necrosis than nonionic contrast material. In the liver resected four weeks later, almost complete recovery was seen at the site of necrosis in all groups. CONCLUSION: Nonionic contrast materials caused less tissue necrosis than ionic contrast materials in percutaneous transhepatic procedure because of their lower osmolality.
Animals ; Contrast Media* ; Liver* ; Meglumine ; Necrosis ; Osmolar Concentration ; Rats*

PURPOSE: We compared the use of diluted gastrografin enema- and air enema CT for the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative lesion detection and the staging of colorectal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients (43 lesions) with colorectal carcinoma, diagnosed by barium enema and/or colonoscopy, underwent preoperative diluted (2.5%) gastrografin enema CT, and in another 26 patients (27 lesions) with colorectal carcinoma, air enema CT was performed. The presence or absence of lesion, its spread (T), and peritumoral lymph node (N) were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery and pathologic confirmation was obtained. RESULTS: Gastrografin enema CT and air enema CT demonstrated the primary tumor in 97.7% (42 of 43) and 96.3% of cases (26 of 27), respectively. A comparison of gastrografin enema CT and the pathologic results showed that the disease was correctly staged as T2 in five of six cases, as T3 in 28 of 31, and as T4 in two of five. Using air enema CT, the disease was correctly staged as T2 in three of three cases, as T3 in 17 of 21, and as T4 in one of two. Overall, carcinoma was correctly staged by gastrografin enema CT in 83% of cases (35 of 42) and by air enema CT in 81% (21 of 26). Nodal involvement was accurately detected in 64% of cases (27 of 42) using gastrografin enema CT and in 69% (18 of 26) using air enema CT. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the use of gastrografin enema or air enema CT does not significantly affect the diagnostic outcome.
Barium ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Enema* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes

PURPOSE: We compared the use of diluted gastrografin enema- and air enema CT for the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative lesion detection and the staging of colorectal carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients (43 lesions) with colorectal carcinoma, diagnosed by barium enema and/or colonoscopy, underwent preoperative diluted (2.5%) gastrografin enema CT, and in another 26 patients (27 lesions) with colorectal carcinoma, air enema CT was performed. The presence or absence of lesion, its spread (T), and peritumoral lymph node (N) were analyzed. All patients underwent surgery and pathologic confirmation was obtained. RESULTS: Gastrografin enema CT and air enema CT demonstrated the primary tumor in 97.7% (42 of 43) and 96.3% of cases (26 of 27), respectively. A comparison of gastrografin enema CT and the pathologic results showed that the disease was correctly staged as T2 in five of six cases, as T3 in 28 of 31, and as T4 in two of five. Using air enema CT, the disease was correctly staged as T2 in three of three cases, as T3 in 17 of 21, and as T4 in one of two. Overall, carcinoma was correctly staged by gastrografin enema CT in 83% of cases (35 of 42) and by air enema CT in 81% (21 of 26). Nodal involvement was accurately detected in 64% of cases (27 of 42) using gastrografin enema CT and in 69% (18 of 26) using air enema CT. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the use of gastrografin enema or air enema CT does not significantly affect the diagnostic outcome.
Barium ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Enema* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes

OBJECTIVE: To intra-individually compare 3T magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained with one dose gadoterate meglumine to 1.5T MR using conventional double dose for assessment of chronic myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients diagnosed with chronic myocardial infarctions were examined on single-dose 3T MR within two weeks after undergoing double-dose 1.5T MR. Representative short-axis images were acquired at three points after administration of gadoterate meglumine. Contrast-to-noise ratios between infarcted and normal myocardium (CNRinfarct-normal) and between infarct and left ventricular cavity (CNRinfarct-LVC) were calculated and compared intra-individually at each temporal scan. Additionally, two independent readers assessed relative infarct size semi-automatically and inter-observer reproducibility was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS: While higher CNRinfarct-normal was revealed at single-dose 3T at only 10 minutes scan (p = 0.047), the CNRinfarct-LVC was higher at single-dose 3T MR at each temporal scan (all, p < 0.05). Measurement of relative infarct size was not significantly different between both examinations for both observers (all, p > 0.05). However, inter-observer reproducibility was higher at single-dose 3T MR (all, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Single-dose 3T MR is as effective as double-dose 1.5T MR for delineation of infarcted myocardium while being superior in detection of infarcted myocardium from the blood cavity, and provides better reproducibility for infarct size quantification.
Gadolinium* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meglumine* ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardium

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine a safe gastrointestinal contrast agent that could be used in various clinical situations where there is a risk of aspiration using a rabbit model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 healthy white rabbits were used. The rabbits were divided into 5 groups containing six animals each, one control group (anesthesia only) and 4 groups receiving various contrast agents [Solotop (Barium sulphate suspension), Gastrografin (Sodium and meglumine amidotrizoate), and Telebrix (Meglumine ioxitalamate), Visipaque (Iodixanol)]. The contrast agents were injected selectively into a main bronchus via a catheter inserted under fluoroscopy guidance. The rabbits were sacrificed either 1 day or 7 days after injecting the contrast agents, and the tissue reaction of the bronchi and lungs were examined both macro- and microscopically. The level of alveolar septal thickening, peribronchiolar lymphocytic infiltration, pulmonary congestion and edema, inflammatory exudate in the alveoli or bronchiolar lumina, microabscess formation, necrosis, pigmentation of materials injected, and fibropurulent pleurisy were evaluated and graded according to the severity as follows: no change, mild, moderate, marked in degree. RESULTS: The common microscopic findings were alveolar septal thickening and peribronchiolar lymphocytic infiltration. Pulmonary congestion and edema, inflammatory exudate in the alveoli or bronchiolar lumina were observed in 21 out of 24 rabbits receiving the contrast agents. Pigmentation of the materials injected was observed only in the group receiving Solotop. An inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and bronchiolar/bronchial lumina, microabscess formation, and necrosis were noted in most groups, but was more frequent and severe in the group receiving Gastrografin. CONCLUSION: The histopathological reactions of the rabbit lungs after the intrabronchial application of a contrast agent showed variable degrees of inflammatory reactions. Gastrografin produced most severe and extensive reaction, Solotop and Telebrix a moderate reaction, and Visipaque a minimal reaction. Therefore, a non-ionic dimeric contrast agent such as Visipaque may be the safest contrast agent in the lung when a GI tract examination is performed in clinical situations where there is a risk of aspiration.
Animals ; Bronchi ; Catheters ; Contrast Media* ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Edema ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Exudates and Transudates ; Fluoroscopy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Lung* ; Meglumine ; Necrosis ; Pigmentation ; Pleurisy ; Rabbits