No abstract available.
Neurons* ; Reflex*

No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus*

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have conflicting results concerning the role of p53 protein related to the discovery that a wild-type of p53 is a nuclear protein that plays a role both as a tumor suppressor and may play roles in the control of transcription and as a negative regulator of cell growth, whereas mutant p53 supports tumor formation in experimental oncogenic settings and is overexpressed in some human tumors. The mutant p53 is abnormally stable, leading to increased expression. p53 has been most widely studied by the immunohistochemical method. p53 overexpression often found in some studies, but not always in other studies, have been shown to be an independent predictor of poor prognosis. METHODS: To evaluate a possible prognostic factor, we studied the expression of the p53 protein by an immunohistochemical method and compared these results with the established prognostic factors for breast carcinomas. RESULTS: 78 patients aged 28-69 were included in this study. The mean age was 46.3, and 53 patients out of 78 were less than 50 years old. There were 28 cases with tumor diameters of less than 2 cm, and 50 with tumor diameters of more than 2 cm. The most common pathologic type was an infiltrating duct carcinoma, 71 out of 78 cases (91.0%), and proportions of histologic grade I, II, and III tumors was 23 (29.5%), 41 (52.6%), 14 (17.9%), respectively. Cases with lymph node metastasis numbered 52 of 78 (66.7%). We observed a remarkable increase in the nuclear staining intensity at the invasive margins of some tumors, which may be linked to a higher incidence of proliferating cells. CONCLUSIONS: p53 overexpression was associated with tumor size (p<0.05), but was not associated with lymph node status, age, histologic grade, or estrogen receptor status.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nuclear Proteins ; Prognosis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CT findings of thyroglossal duct cysts MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients with pathologically proved thyroglossal duct cysts were included in the study. CT scans were assessed'retrospectively for shape, size, location, density of the central portions, septations, rim enhancement, changes in the adjacent fascial planes and investment within the strap muscles in the infrahyoid cysts. RESULT: Thirteen cases of thyroglossal duct cysts were seen as round or oval cystic masses, two cases of them were seen as irregular-shaped Iobulated cystic masses, and one case was seen as ovoid soft tissue mass. The cysts were from 1.4 to 5.7cm in diameter(mean, 2.6cm). The cyst was infrahyoid in 15 cases and suprahyoid in one case. The cyst was located in midline in eight cases, off midline in four cases, and both midline and off midline in four cases. The density of the central portions ranged from 15 to 82HU(mean, 32HU). Septations were noted in four cases. Rim enhancement was seen in 14 cases(93%), and heterogenously enhancing soft tissue mass was seen in one case. In four cases, abnormal fascial planes were observed. All but one of the infrahyoid cysts(14/15) were embedded within the strap muscles, and one case of them was located anteriorly to strap muscles. CONCLUSION: CT permits one to make the diagnosis a thyroglossal duct cyst with a high degree of accuracy, as it can differentiate thyroglossal duct cysts from the other anterior neck masses by their typical location, characteristic morphology, and investment within the strap muscles.
Diagnosis ; Humans ; Investments ; Muscles ; Neck ; Thyroglossal Cyst* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The authors have been developed a menu-driven FoxBASE system for surgical pathology reporting and automatic encoding in Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine. The system requires no prior knowledge of FoxBASE and is readily installed on any IBM or it's compatible personal computer. Working sheet generation is automatically accompanied by data from previous cases on the same patient. Important data which include patient name, age, sex, surgical number, hospital unit number and encoded diagnoses, are stored on the hard disk permanently; complete reports are saved on floppy diskettes. Cases can be retrieved by patient name, surgical number, hospital unit number and SNOMED codes within 0.1 second. Daily work lists and listings of incomplete cases are easily obtained. This FoxBASE system has been in use for 1 year and 6 months and resulted in increased efficiency of retrieval and gathering of basic information for specific study, cost effectiveness, markedly diminished workload of typist and very short wasting time during complete restoration of data file for hard disk failure.

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: A longitudinal study was conducted to explore flora colonization and oral glucose high-risk newborns during the first 7 days after birth. METHODS: Oral secretions of hospitalized newborns were obtained for microbial cultures and glucose test at days 1-7 after birth. RESULTS: Among the total 112 newborns, 40% were girls and 73% were premature. Mean gestational age was 34.4±3.2 weeks and weight was 2,266±697.5 grams. The most common flora included Streptococcus (28.2%), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 10.9%), Staphylococcus (6.0%) and Coagulase- Negative Staphylococcus (CNS, 4.0%). The average oral glucose level was 29.2±23.0mg/dl~58.2±39.5mg/dl. Newborns with higher oral glucose than serum (crude odds ratio [ORc] =1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.03-2.97), phototherapy (ORc=3.30; 95% CI=2.29-4.76) and prone position (ORc= 2.04; 95% CI=1.13-3.69) were more likely to be colonized. Having oral tubes (ORc=0.42; 95% CI=0.29-0.59), parental nutrition (ORc=0.21; 95% CI=0.13-0.32) and antibiotics (ORc=0.51; 95% CI=0.36-0.73) had protective effects. For oral glucose statistical significances existed on time effect among newborns with Streptococcus (F=9.78, p=.024), MRSA (F=7.60, p=.037) or CNS (F=11.15, p=.019) and interaction between time and colonization among newborns with all of four flora (F=2.73, p=.029) or colonization with only Staphylococcus (F=2.91, p=.034). CONCLUSION: High-risk newborns develop flora colonization at an early period of life. Their clinical features were associated with types and time of oral flora colonization. They need close monitoring and multifaceted intervention to improve oral environment and infection control.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colon* ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Glucose* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infection Control ; Longitudinal Studies ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Mouth ; Odds Ratio ; Parents ; Parturition ; Phototherapy ; Prone Position ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus

We evaluated thirty normal human eyes(aged from 22 to 95) to investigate the changes with age of the cellularity and acid mucopolysaccharides in the trabecular meshwork. The cellularities were evaluated from the number of the cells per unit area of trabecular meshwork and the number of cells per unit length of trabecular meshwork. In addition, acid mucopolysaccharides(AMS) were investigated by counter staining the trabecular meshwork specimens, with Van Gieson following colloidal iron. The results were as follows: 1. With age, cellularities of the whole trabecular meshwork and the counterpart of filtration region decreased significantly(p0.05). 2. The trabecular meshwork cellularity and the absolute number of cells were decreased by 40.0% and 35.9%, respectively, for those aged from 22 to 95. 3. There was no strong relation between the change of acid mucopolysaccharides of the trabecular meshwork and aging process. The grade +1 AMS was observed in 15 eyes(50.0%) and was the most prevalent.
Aging ; Colloids ; Filtration ; Glaucoma ; Glycosaminoglycans* ; Humans ; Iron ; Trabecular Meshwork*

Diacerein is a safe drug for osteoarthritis due to its inhibitory effect on proinflammatory cytokines. Its common side effects, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain and skin rash, are relatively mild. There have been a few cases of drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome accompanied by thromboembolic complications. We report the first case of diacerein-induced DRESS syndrome with thromboembolic complications. A 64-year-old man developed fever, skin rash, increase in liver enzymes, eosinophilia, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) after taking diacerein. DVT and PTE were improved after anticoagulation therapy; however, fever, skin rash, eosinophilia and increase in liver enzymes were aggravated. A high-dose systemic corticosteroid (methylprednisolone 1 mg/kg/day) was administered, after which his clinical conditions improved.

PURPOSE: The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases is on the increase and that of obesity is on the continuous increase all over the world. There are recent studies on the association between asthma and obesity, which are still controversial. This study aimed at identifying the effect of obesity on atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children. METHODS: This study was conducted with 443 subjects ranging from six to 15 years of age, and consisted of 283 boys and 160 girls. They went through pulmonary function tests and methacholine challenge tests with their eosinophil counts within blood, total serum IgE levels, serum eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) levels, heights, and weights measured. After determining body mass index(BMI), BMI percentiles were determined by using a BMI percentile curve based on gender and age. After the classification on the basis of the 85th, 90th, and 95th BMI percentiles, a comparison was made in frequencies of atopy, total serum IgE, eosiniphil counts within blood, and serum ECPs as well as in frequencies of bronchial hyperresponsiveness for the total group, the boys, and the girls, respectively. RESULTS: Among the groups classified by BMI percentiles, there was no significant differences in total serum IgE, eosinophil counts within blood, and serum ECPs. There also was no significant differences in bronchial hyperresponsiveness or pulmonary functions among them. Effect of atopy and pulmonary function test variables on BMI did not show any statistical significance in boys, girls or the total group. CONCLUSION: There was domestically no association between obesity and atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness among children.
Asthma ; Body Mass Index ; Child* ; Classification ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Methacholine Chloride ; Obesity* ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Weights and Measures