No abstract available.
Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of wearing rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses on the topographic changes in keratoconus. METHODS: Seventy-seven keratoconic eyes that wore multicurve RGP contact lenses and 30 keratoconic eyes that wore no contact lenses were retrospectively analyzed. The mean follow-ups were 22.6 and 20.5 months in the lens-wearing and control groups, respectively. Visual acuity, comfort, daily wearing time, and corneal staining were evaluated for both groups. The changes in topographic indices were compared between the lens-wearing and control groups. RESULTS: Multicurve RGP lens corrected logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity of the lens-wearing group significantly improved from -0.016+/-0.065 to -0.032+/-0.10 at follow-up (p=0.05). In the lens-wearing group with advanced keratoconus, the Sim Kmax, Sim Kmin, apical power, astigmatic index, and anterior elevation significantly decreased from 57.68+/-4.26 diopter (D), 50.50+/-2.32 D, 62.79+/-5.11 D, 7.20+/-0.55 D and 67.36+/-16.30 microm to 55.51+/-4.28 D, 49.62+/-3.26 D, 60.31+/-5.41 D, 5.90+/-0.51 D and 60.61+/-16.09 microm, respectively (paired t-test, p<0.05). The irregularity index of 3 mm did not significantly change. Meanwhile, in the control group, the apical power and irregularity index increased from 55.56+/-7.25 D and 3.06+/-1.68 D to 57.11+/-7.75 D and 3.25+/-1.71 D, respectively (paired t-test, p=0.008, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Properly fitted multicurve RGP contact lenses are not likely to contribute to the progression of keratoconus.
Adult ; Astigmatism/etiology/pathology/therapy ; *Contact Lenses ; Cornea/*pathology ; *Corneal Topography ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratoconus/complications/pathology/*therapy ; Male ; Prognosis ; Prosthesis Design ; Retrospective Studies ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

Purpose: This study aimed to report the projected cancer incidence and mortality for the year 2022 to estimate Korea’s current cancer burden. Materials and Methods: Cancer incidence data from 1999 to 2019 were obtained from the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, and cancer mortality data from 1993 to 2020 were acquired from Statistics Korea. Cancer incidence and mortality were projected by fitting a linear regression model to observed age-specific cancer rates against their respective years and then by multiplying the projected age-specific rates by the anticipated age-specific population for 2022. A joinpoint regression model was used to determine the year in which the linear trend changed significantly; we only used the data of the latest trend. Results: In total, 274,488 new cancer cases and 81,277 cancer deaths are expected to occur in Korea in 2022. The most common cancer site is expected to be the thyroid, followed by the lung, colon and rectum, breast, and stomach. These five cancers are expected to represent half of the overall burden of cancer in Korea. The most common type of cancer leading to death is expected to be lung cancer, followed by liver, colorectal, pancreatic, and gallbladder cancers. Conclusion The incidence rates for all types of cancer in Korea are estimated to gradually decrease. These up-to-date estimates of the cancer burden in Korea could be an important resource for planning and evaluating cancer-control programs.

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of herpetic keratitis in Korea. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 90 eyes of 84 patients who were clinically diagnosed with herpetic keratitis and were followed for at least 4 months or more. Information on prior herpetic keratitis, type of keratitis, time to remission, recurrence rate, administration of oral acyclovir, final visual acuity was reviewed. Remission time and recurrence rate were compared according to types of herpetic keratitis and the application of oral acyclovir in epithelial, stromal or endothelial keratitis; and the relation of history of previous herpetic keratitis, recurrence and final vision, was analyzed. RESULTS: Sex ratio (M:F) was 1.31 and the mean age was 54.6 years. Of 90 eyes, the proportion of infectious epithelial keratitis, stromal keratitis, endothelitis and neurotrophic ulcer was 51.1, 17.8, 25.6 and 5.6%, respectively. The mean remission time was 1.92+/-1.01, 4.13+/-5.05, 5.52+/-5.08, 4.00+/-1.00, respectively (p=0.001, one-way Anova). Recurrence occurred in 21 (42.9%) eyes of 49, which were followed up for more than 12 months, in a year after the previous attack. The rates of recurrence of infectious epithelial keratitis, stromal keratitis and endothelitis were 25.0%, 63.6% and 53.8%, respectively. Oral acyclovir neither shortens the remission nor prevents the recurrence. The percentage of final vision over 20/40 in infectious epithelial keratitis, stromal keratitis and endothelitis was 81.1, 57.1 and 60.0%, respectively. The final vision was worse in the group with a history of herpetic keratitis. CONCLUSIONS: Stromal keratitis and endothelitis showed a higher recurrence rate and longer remission time than infectious epithelial keratitis. Because recurrent and severe keratitis may result in corneal opacity and vision loss, aggressive and proper treatment is needed. However, these cases are often resistant to therapy.
Acyclovir ; Corneal Opacity ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Keratitis, Herpetic* ; Korea* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Ulcer ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of intracameral amphotericin injection and to evaluate risk factors affecting primary treatment success in fungal infection invading the anterior segment of the eye. METHODS: Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients diagnosed with fungal infection in the anterior segment were studied. The initial treatment regimen was a topical 0.15% amphotericin application and itraconazole oral administration after culture. Amphotericin (5 ug/0.1 ml, 0.1 cc) was repeatedly injected intracamerally when the infection intensified. Penetrating keratoplasty was conducted for eyes unresponsive to intracameral amphotericin injection. The relative risk ratios of ulcer size, infiltration depth, culture positivity, and hypopyon were compared in each treatment group to evaluate the treatment response. RESULTS: Of patients with fungal infection, 30.7% were cured with intracameral amphotericin injection, while 30.7% needed penetrating keratoplasty. Intracameral amphotericin injection was needed in the presence of large corneal ulcers (>14 mm2), hypopyon, positive fungal culture, use of steroid eye drops, and deep infiltration at initial examination. Large ulcer size (>14 mm2) was the main risk factor for needing penetrating keratoplasty. Of the eyes Candida infection, 66.5% needed evisceration. CONCLUSIONS: Large ulcer size and the isolation of Candida were poor prognostic factors related to the efficacy of intracameral amphotericin injection.
Administration, Oral ; Amphotericin B* ; Candida ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Odds Ratio ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Risk Factors* ; Ulcer

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease(PTLD) has emerged as a potential life-threatening complication of immunosuppressive therapy after organ transplantation. The occurrence of PTLD is usually associated with an Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection in patients who are treated by aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. PTLD is represented by diverse manifestations ranging from reactive lymphoid hyperplasia to high grade malignant lymphoma. This is a case report of a late PTLD in a child. The patient is a 14-year-old girl, who presented as malignant lymphoma 44 months after successful renal transplantation. There was no evidence of EBV infection. On bone marrow study, many neoplastic lymphoid cells were detected. Aggressive chemotherapy for PTLD had resulted in clinical remission. However the patient expired from uncontrolled sepsis and septic shock after 77 days.
Adolescent ; Bone Marrow ; Child* ; Drug Therapy ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Organ Transplantation ; Pseudolymphoma ; Sepsis ; Shock, Septic ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes(BECT) is characterized by an excellent prognosis. Therefore, the necessity for the use of antiepileptic drugs is controversial. The object of this study is to know about the long-term follow-up of BECT, comparing daily treatment with antiepileptic drug(AED) versus no medication. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 56 cases of BECTs, examined at Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Korea University Medical Center as reference study time, August 2002. Thirty-eight patients didn't have mediation(group I), while eighteen patients received one or two AED(group II). We evaluated demographics, clinical manifestations at diagnosis, EEG findings and clinical courses in groups I & II. RESULTS: There was no significant differences of sex, age, seizure frequency, seizure type, seizure onset time, family history and EEG findings between group I & II. The reasons to start AED were: parents' anxiety(three cases), frequent seizure(12 cases) and daytime seizure(three cases). There was no evolution of status epilepticus and no difficulty in school performance. CONCLUSION: AED treatment was of no advantage and long-term prognosis was good regardless of treatment strategy. So it is advisable not to choose AED as the first line of therapy, provided that the patient himself/herself or the family understands the benign nature of BECT.
Academic Medical Centers ; Anticonvulsants ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Rolandic* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Neurology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures ; Status Epilepticus

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The occurrence of PWD in neurodegenerative disease is very rare, and this is the first report of it being related to early-onset AD. We describe a patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) who presented with pure word deafness (PWD). CASE REPORT: The patient had experienced PWD for 2 years, followed by other cognitive deficits suggestive of parietotemporal dysfunction. Brain imaging including 18FDG-PET and [11C] PIB-PET supported the diagnosis of AD. CONCLUSIONS: Our case highlights the clinical variability that characterizes early-onset AD.
Alzheimer Disease ; Aphasia, Primary Progressive ; Deafness ; Humans ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Neuroimaging

PURPOSE: Deteriorated nutritional status is common during a hospital stay for esophagectomy in patients with esophageal cancer. Malnutrition in those patients is often marked compared with other gastrointestinal cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness of commercial peripheral parenteral nutrition (CPPN) use in patients who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (I-L op). METHODS: Patients who were provided with CPPN after I-L op were enrolled in this study from January to May 2015. Body weight, height, nutritional status, length of hospital stay, duration of CPPN therapy, and parenteral nutrition (PN) induced complications were assessed, respectively, using electronic medical records. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients were enrolled. Average age was 65.9 years and 36 patients were male. All patients were provided with the same CPPN. The duration of fasting and CPPN use was 5.8+/-1.4 days and 7.5+/-1.8 days, respectively. Calorie supported by CPPN was 22.6+/-3.5 kcal/kg/day and only 20.5% of patients (n=8) reached the daily target calories. Most frequent PN induced complication was phlebitis which occurred in 8 patients (20.5%). Calcium, magnesium, and transthyretin levels in serum were not monitored during the PN support period. CONCLUSION: The indications for CPPN were appropriate because the fasting duration in patients with I-L op was 5 to 10 days. Although a large portion of patients could not be supplied daily target calories, their nutrition status was not significantly changed on admission and at discharge. We did not find it necessary to individualize PN support for a short period after an I-L op in patients with esophageal cancer. Further study will be needed to determine why the incidence of phlebitis was dominant.
Body Weight ; Calcium ; Electronic Health Records ; Esophageal Neoplasms* ; Esophagectomy* ; Fasting ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Magnesium ; Male ; Malnutrition ; Nutritional Status ; Parenteral Nutrition* ; Phlebitis ; Prealbumin