PURPOSE: A number of studies have been published on the effect of growth hormone therapy over 1-3 years in children with growth hormone deficiency(GHD) & Familial short stature(FSS). So far final height data are seldomly available. Final heights of GH treated children with GHD & FSS were evaluated. METHODS: 10 Children with GHD and 69 children with with FSS were enrolled for the study. They were treated with GH 0.1IU/kg/daily in 10 GHD and 20 children with FSS. They were grown up and reached adult height. 49 children with FSS were not treated at all. Facors influencing final height were investigated. RESULTS: 1) All patients with GHD(Idiopathic 8 cases, Organic 2 cases) had additional gonadotropin deficiency and had multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. 2) At start of GH treatment boys of idiopathic GHD were 9.8 years old and 12.4 years old in girls and their mean height was 114.8cm(-2.8SDS), 123.0cm(-2.9 SDS)in boys and girls respectively. Boy with orgnaic GHD was 11.1 years and 6.7 years old in girl. Their height were 126.0cm(-1.5SDS) and 104cm(-1.2SDS) respectively. 3) Mean final height of idiopathic GHD was 167.6cm(-0.5SDS) in male and 161.0 cm(0.7SDS) and that of organic GHD was 173.0cm(0.5SDS) in male and 157cm (0SDS) in girl. 4) Mean Final height in untreated children with FSS was 159.8+/-.2cm(-1.6 SDS)in male and 149.6+/-.3cm(-1.4SDS) in female. Mean final height of GH treated in FSS was 162.5+/-.1cm(-1.5SDS) in male and 152.0+/-.4cm(-1.2SDS) in female But there was no statiscally difference between untreated and treated children in final height. 5) The age of onset of menarche was 12.74+/-.78 years old in GH treated group (n=12) and 12.45+/-.16 years old in untreated group(n=34). CONCLUSION: The GH administration in patients with GHD has been confirmed for growth promotion. but in case of FSS there was no significant difference between treated and untreated group. More further studies are needed for the confirmation of the efficacy of GH therapy in patients with FSS.
Adult ; Age of Onset ; Child* ; Female ; Gonadotropins ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Male ; Menarche

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Necrosis* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the difference of sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of college students who fulfilled military service and those who did not, for providing basic data for developing nursing interventions for the college students. METHODS: This study used a descriptive research design. The subjects of this study were 3,741 male college students. Data were collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from November to December 2007. The sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior measurement tool was used. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and chi-square test. RESULTS: The major findings of this study were as follows: 1) There was a statistically significant difference in sexual knowledge of contraception / abortion(p = .002, t = 3.16), venereal disease(p = .006, t = .2.73), sexual attitude of sexual behavior(p = .002; t = 3.13) and sexual double think(p = .047, t = 1.98) according to military service 2) There was a statistically significant difference in sexual behavior experience frequency of 9 items(friendship with opposite sex, kiss / embracing, petting, porno magazine / porno video contact, masturbation, sexual intercourse via anus, sexual intercourse via mouth, cause pregnancy, cause abortion: p < .000, chi-sqare = 39.47; p < .000, chi-sqare = 55.88; p < .000, chi-sqare = 46.76; p = .034, chi-sqare = 6.77; p = .017, chi-sqare = 12.05; p = .003, chi-sqare = 14.24; p < .000, chi-sqare = 47.70; p < .000, chi-sqare = 23.86; p < .000, chi-sqare = 21.84) respectively according to military service. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that sexual knowledge, attitudes and behavior differ before and after the experience of military service, so further study for detecting military sex culture character effecting difference in sex knowledge, attitudes and behavior is needed.
Anal Canal ; Coitus ; Contraception ; Humans ; Male ; Masturbation ; Military Personnel ; Mouth ; Periodicals as Topic ; Pregnancy ; Research Design ; Sexual Behavior ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE:Urine examination for microalbuminuria during the clinical silent years can help to identify those patients most likely to progress to overt nephropathy. The normalization of the AER(Albumin Excretion Rate) by alteration of glomerular hemodynamics may be the key to preventing or delaying overt nephropathy. The prognostic and therapeutic implications have led to attempts to identify patients with microalbuminuria as early as possible.Because diagnosis of microalbuminuria has required a 12 or 24 hour urine collection,there has been interested in developing tests that might serve as a first-stage screen for microalbuminuria. Most reports have dealt with the usefulness of either the albumin concentration or the albumin/creatinine ratio in a timed or randomly collected urine specimen. Exercise induced albumin excretion is increased compared to resting and could unmask latent glomerular damage. The purpose of this study is to evaluate diagostic significance of urinary albumin measurement after exercise in children with insulin dependent diabetes. METHODS:Fifty-seven patients with IDDM collected their overnight urine from 22:00 to 6:00 in following morning. Exercised method for urine examination was 100M running and collected 2 hour urine after exercise. The AER and Albumin/ creatinine ratio(ACR) were measured in the urine and compared with before and after exercise. RESULTS:Mean ages of diabetic children was 13.7 yrs old and duration of diabetes was 4.1+/-2.7yrs, HbA1c 8.6+/-1.9%,Systolic BP 107+/-10mmHg and Diastolic BP 67+/-8mmHg. The exercise induced AER was increased compared to before exercise(10.3+/-10.5 vs 18.1+/-16.0 mg/24hr). The exercise induced ACR also increased too(1.4+/-1.5 mg/g.Cr vs 4.1+/-3.6mg/g.Cr)(P<0.01). Two(3.5%) children with IDDM was positive for microalbuminuria in terms of AER before exercise and 8 children(14%) after exercise. No one positive for microalbuminuria in terms of Alb/cr before and after exercise. The charateristics of 8 children with microalbuminuria after exercise was no specific difference between positive and negative microalbuminuria. There was specific correlation between microalbuminuria and HbA1c(P<0.05) but sex, ages, duration of diabetes & blood pressure were not correlated with incidence of microalbuminuria. CONCLUSION: The mean timed urinary albumin excretion after exercise was significantly higher than before exercise. Measurement of timed urinary albumin excretion after exercise will be helpful for detecting microalbuminuria earlier.
Blood Pressure ; Child* ; Creatinine ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; Diagnosis ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insulin ; Running

PURPOSE: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the plain radiographic features of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult diabetic patients compared with those in patients without any underlying diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the chest PA and lateral views of 100 patients having active pulmonary tuberculosis;40 patients had diabetes mellitus and 60 patients had no other underlying diseases. images were assesed for anatomical distributions, extents of lesions, size and number of cavity and patterns radiographic findings. RESULTS: Diabetic tuberculosis had higher prevalence and wider involvement of unusual segments for the tuberculosis such as anterior segment, lingular segment of upper lobe and basal segment of the lower lobe, and they showed the tendency of having more cavities than those who had no other underlying diseases, but there were no meaningful differences in the cavity size between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary tuberculosis in diabetic patients tends to have wider extent with unusual segmental involvement and multiple cavities than in the patients who had no other underlying diseases.
Adult* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Equidae ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

BACKGROUND: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) reflect cerebral small vessel disease and has a pathological role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and stroke according to their distribution. We investigated to determine whether association of CMBs distribution in Korean patients with AD and cerebral infarction by susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) which is a most sensitive magnetic resonance imaging technique for enhanced detection and localization of CMBs. METHODS: Seventy-one patients (AD 30, recent cerebral infarction 21, control 20) were included and 1.5 Tesla SWI was used to image. The Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale (MARS) was used to localize each CMBs distribution (lobar versus basal ganglia/thalamus [deep], and infratentorial). RESULTS: The prevalence of CMBs was higher in AD and cerebral infarction than controls (p=0.004). Predilection of the total CMBs (n=71) were in order of lobar, basal ganglia/thalamus (deep), and infratentorial region (p=0.029). There was only significant predilection of CMBs in basal ganglia/thalamus (deep) region in cerebral infarction compared with AD (p=0.037) and controls (p=0.011). However, predilection of CMBs in lobar region than infratentorial region (p=0.019) in AD, and predilection of CMBs in basal ganglia/thalamus (deep) region than infratentorial region (p=0.033) in cerebral infarction were significant. Hypertension, a strong risk factor for hypertensive angiopathy was not significant in contributing CMBs prevalence in three groups even though the incidence of hypertension was higher in cerebral infarction than AD and controls. CONCLUSION: Characteristic predilection pattern of CMBs distribution between AD and cerebral infarction through SWI might provide an imaging biomarker for differentiation between dementia due to cerebrovascular disease and cerebral degenerative disorders.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; Dementia ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Stroke

We identified 6 sucrose-fermenting Vibrio vulnificus strains and examined their virulence characteristics. They were all encapsulated, motile, capable of producing toxins and utilizing transferrin-bound iron, cytotoxic to cultured cells, and virulent enough to kill mice. They could be definitely identified only by genetic identification methods such as PCR, and not by conventional culture-based identification methods such as API 20E (bioMerieux, France). These results indicate that it is essential to adopt genetic approaches as early as possible in order to avoid misdiagnosis of such strains, especially in clinical situations.
Animals ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Fermentation ; Mice ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sucrose/*metabolism ; Vibrio vulnificus/genetics/growth & development/*pathogenicity ; Virulence

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1; also known as von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis) is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although it can also arise due to spontaneous mutation. Gastrointestinal involvement of NF1 is seen in 10% to 25% and causes symptoms in fewer than 5%. Histologically, the gastro intestinal (GI) manifestation of NF1 occurs in three forms: hyperplasia of the gut neural tissue, stromal tumors, and duodenal or periampullary endocrine tumors. A 31-year-old female, diagnosed with NF1, presented with poor oral intake and vomiting for 10 days prior to admission. Preoperative gastrofiberscopic finding was gastric outlet obstructing polypoid duodenal bulb lesion. The patient underwent hemigastrectomy with antecolic gastrojejunostomy due to gastric outlet obstruction. The final pathologic report was submucosal neurofibromatous proliferation with Brunner's gland hyperplasia located at the duodenal bulb in the NF1 patient. We report this case with a review of literatures.
Adult ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Vomiting

The purpose of this study was to describe and understand how diabetics dealt with the result of the various changes of lifestyle. The grounded theory approach of qualitative research methods was used for building a substantive theory about that. The subjects of this study were 10 clients who experienced diabetes from 4 to 30 years. The data was collected from August 1999 to November 1999 through in-depth interviews utilizing home visitation and telephone interview technique then it was and analyzed simultaneously by a constant comparative method in which the new data was continuously coded into categories and properties according to Strauss & Corbin,s methodology. One hundred six concepts were found and they were grouped into 35 categories and then into 14 categories. The results were as follows difficulty, unable to overcome the changes, disposition, disease process, tiredness, supportive environment, perception, handling, concent- ration, mastering, endurance, avoidance, giving up and tailoring. The core phenomenon was 'tiredness' and these categories were synthesized into one core concept, the process of tailoring. The process of tailoring in diabetics consisted of: 1) going through difficulty of disease management 2) experiencing tiredness from the difficulty of disease management 3) perception of disease from tiredness 4) undergoing various self-management 5) controlling the process of tailoring by one's own method. Six hypotheses were derived from the relation of these concepts and four types were from intensity of tiredness, direction of disposition, type of disease process and the level of supportive environment and perception. This study offers better understanding on diabetic experiences and may facilitate more appropriate interventive strategies to provide support, information and knowledge. The nurses should utilize the results to help diabetics enjoy their lives without any trouble and must continuously develop nursing knowledges and skills.
Disease Management ; House Calls ; Interviews as Topic ; Life Style ; Nursing ; Qualitative Research ; Self Care