No abstract available.
Humans ; Motor Vehicles*

Bcl-2 oncoprotein is being localized to mitochondria and interfering with programmed cell death (apoptosis) independent of promoting cell division in the lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells. The bcl-2 oncoprotein expression has been reported in follicular lymphomas as well as in diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia and a variable propotion of Hodgkin's lymphoma cases. Recent evidence suggests that some lymphomas protected from apoptosis is conferred through expression of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) latent membrane protein which turn to cause upregulation of bcl-2. To define the role of the bcl-2 oncoprotein and EBV in lymphoid malignancy, we tried immunohistochemical studies with anti-bcl-2 antibody and In situ hybridization (ISH) with EBV-encoded small nuclear RNAs(EBER) in the paraffin embedded sections of 46 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cases and 20 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) cases. Bcl-2 oncoprotein expression was found in 37 of 46 cases (80%) of NHL with relatively strong cytoplasmic staining, and in 14 of 20 cases (70%) of HL with weak cytoplasmic staining in limited small numbers of RS, Hodgkin and lacunar cells. The widespread presence of bcl-2 oncogene in many different types of both NHL and HL supports that the extended cell survival through overexpression of bcl-2 gene protein may be a growth advantage of neoplastic lymphoid cells. In the ISH analysis for EBV, the presence of EBV was detected in 17 of 20 cases (85%) of HL, compared to 6 of 44 cases(13.6%) of NHL. It appears to be no direct correlation between overexpression of bcl-2 oncoprotein by neoplastic lymphoid cells and the presence of EBV in NHL but it seems to be a definite association between EBV and HL.

We experienced an autopsy case of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula and other multiple congenital anomalies in a 4 days old male infant. Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula was type C by Gross Classification. Combined anomalies were malrotation of left kidney, one left accessory renal artery form right renal artery and one left accessory renal vein from right renal vein, duodenal atresia and annular pancreas. Until now, the esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula and other multiple congenital anomalies (7 congenital anomalies) are not reported in the korean literature, except our case. Our autopsy case, it suggests that esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula has often close relation-ship with other multiple congenital anomalies.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Trichorrhexis nodosa(TN) denotes small node-like swelling with a loss of cuticle of the hair shaft through which the hair readily fractures. The basic cause of TN is mechanical or chemical trauma, and a contributing factor is an inherent weakness of the hair shaft. We report a case of localized TN in a 37-year-old male. He had an ovoid hair patch with multiple small white-gray dotted and stubby hairs localized to the right occipital scalp. TN is known to be the commonest of all hair shaft anomalies (Price, 1975). However TN is rarely reported, and there have been only four reports in Korean dermatological literature, to our knowledge, which might be due to underdiagnosis of this disorder. We postulated that diagnostic difficulty lies in the discrepancy between terminology and gross morphological findings.
Adult ; Fibrinogen ; Hair ; Humans ; Male ; Scalp

We investigated the role of the tumor suppressor genes in the germ cell tumor. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) for p53 mutation were done in 46 cases of the germ cell tumor with paraffin embedded tissue. The immunohistochemical staining for Rb protein was also performed in the same specimens. The following results were obtained. The overexpression of the p53 protein was detected in 7 of 46 cases (15%). p53 mutation by PCR-SSCP was detected in 1 of 46 cases (2.2%). Expression of Rb protein was negative in 19 cases (41%). These results suggest that p53 mutation does not play an important role in the initiation and progression of germ cell tumors.
Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Germ Cells* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* ; Paraffin ; Retinoblastoma Protein*

We have studied the vasodilating effect of bolus doses of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), nitro- glycerin (NTG), and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) in 40 patients during cardiopulmonary bypass with a constant pump flow. Blood volume of the venous reservoir and mean arterial pressure were recorded for 10 minutes after drug administration to detect changes in venous capacitance and arteriolar resistance. SNP 500 ug decreased mean blood pressure significantly more than NTG and ISDN compared with placebo. NTG 500 ug decreased mean blood pressure transiently at 1-4 min but significantly reduced reservoir blood volume. ISDN 500 ug increased mean blood pressure after drug administration, decreased reservoir blood volume less than NTG. We could conclude that SNP was more effective arteriolar vasodilator than NTG and ISDN, but NTG and ISDN were effective as a venodilator during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Glycerol ; Humans ; Isosorbide Dinitrate* ; Isosorbide* ; Nitroglycerin* ; Nitroprusside* ; Sodium* ; Vascular Access Devices

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 plays an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis and has been described as a useful tumor marker and one of the poor prognostic indicators in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To investigate the role and cellular localization of TGF-beta1 during multistep hepatocarcinogenesis we performed a quantitative analysis of TGF-beta1 mRNA and immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta receptor II (TGF-betarII) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The experimental groups included neoplastic lesions produced by Solt-Farber's protocol, regenerating liver after partial hepatectomy, and normal control. Quantitative change of TGF-beta1 mRNA was analysed by competitive reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). TGF-beta1 protein and TGF-betarII expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical stain. The discrete tumor nodules were detected on 14th day and then increased in number and size. Three HCCs were induced on 8th or 9th month. RT-PCR demonstrated TGF-beta1 mRNA band in all examples of the normal and regenerating liver, nodules and HCCs. Competitive RT-PCR displayed higher TGF-beta1 mRNA in nodules, HCCs and regenerating liver than in normal controls. Hepatocytes from control and regenerating livers showed weak immunoreactivity for TGF-beta1. In contrast, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes of nodules in 7th, 8th and 9th month and HCCs were intensely stained for TGF-beta1. Some sinusoidal cells showed immunoreactivity for TGF-beta1 in all experimental groups. In early phase of carcinogenesis, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in liver of 12h, 1d and 3d showed transiently increased immunoreactivity for TGF-beta1 and The immunoreactivity decreased thereafter. TGF-beta1 mRNA was also detected in the neoplastic hepatocytes by in-situ hybridization. Although TGF-betarII expression was correlated with TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity during early phase of carcinogenesis, hepatocytes in most nodules in 7th, 8th, 9th month and carcinomas showed decreased or little immunoreactivity for TGF-betarII. Based on the above results, it is concluded that TGF-beta1 expression increases not only in precancerous nodules but also in HCCs and its increase seems to be correlated with decrease or loss of TGF-betarII expression although its mechanism remains unclear. Hepatocytes may be a major cellular source of TGF-beta1 during hepatocarcinogenesis.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cytoplasm ; Diethylnitrosamine* ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Liver ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley* ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; RNA, Messenger* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1* ; Transforming Growth Factors*

The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare disorder of neuromuscular transmission that is frequently associated with malignancy, particulary small cell carcinoma of the lung. To our knowledge, there was no report of LEMS in Korean listeratures and this might be the first case in this country. The patient is a 55 year old man with muscle weakness and fatigability of proximal lower limbs for 2 months. Bronchogenic carcinoma is confirmed radiologically and pathologically. The electrophysiological studies suppert the clinical diagnosis of LEMS with (1) low amplitude of evoked compound muscle potential to a single supramaximal stimulus on nerve, (2) significant decremental response at low rates of stimulation and (3) marked incremental response at high rates of stimulation.
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome* ; Lower Extremity ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Weakness

We studied occupational status of 175 epileptics have been treated at Yeungnarn university hospital from 1991 to 1992. Their age were in the range of being capable of working. The main purposes were to study the effect of seizure type and degree of control to having job;the effect of additional disabilities to the means of living of epileptics. The results were like these: 1. The employment rate of our patients was 56%. 2. There were no statistical significancy at the effect of seizure type and degree of control to having job(P<0.05). 3. The degree of seizure control did not influence to the position at the job(P>0.05). But additional disabilities and education showed significant effect to the position of job (p<0.05). 4. Among the 138 responders 14 patients had experienced seizure attacks at work and 6 of these 14 patients had some kinds of problem on performing their work by the attacks. 11 of 138 patients disclosed their disease to the employer at the beginning of employment. Conclusion our epileptic patients also have many problems on having job. Which were predominantly related to education. Disabilities and self-denial rather than other related factors.
Education ; Employment* ; Humans ; Seizures

No abstract available.
Female ; Hydatidiform Mole* ; Pregnancy