A case of cerebral glioma which was developed 5 years after brain irradiation for medulloblastoma is reported. The etiology and pathogenesis of human glioma are still unknown. The possible causal role of radiation therapy in inducing cerebral glioma is discussed on the basis of these observations.
Brain ; Child* ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma

The medulloblastoma is a tumor of the cerebellum, particulary common in children. Most of them in childhood are situated in the midline vermis, but in adults are in the lateral lobes. The authors reported two cases of medulloblastoma which developed in the midline vermis although the patients were adult, and reviewed with concerned articles.
Adult* ; Cerebellum ; Child ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma*

Intracranial tumor with extracranial metastasis has been seldom reported. A 28 year-old-male was admitted to Presbyterian Hospital in Daegu on May 9, 1977. Who was diagnosed to have a medulloblastoma in the right cerebellar hemisphere with metastases to the right axillary lymphnode and head of pancreas by pathological reports. In generally medulloblastoma with extracranial metastasis occurs very rarely in the cerebellar hemisphere, and especially in adulthood. Distant metastasis of the intracranial tumor is discussed with review of the literatures.
Daegu ; Head ; Medulloblastoma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Protestantism

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor rarely occurs in the CNS, though is most common in infants under two years of age. It is characterized by unique histologic features, has an extremely aggressive natural course, and is located mainly in the infratentorial region. Radiologically, it is difficult to distinguish from primitive neuroectodermal tumor or medulloblastoma. We report the radiologic findings of two cases of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor.
Humans ; Infant ; Medulloblastoma ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive

Cerebellar Neoplasms ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; ultrastructure

The case is reported of a 2 1/2-year-old femal with headache, vomiting and paraparesis. Clinical feature and operative findings are quite different from those of classic medulloblastoma in its lateral location, well-circumscribed tendency, non-invasiveness, no CSF metastasis, and favourable prognosis after surgical removal. Histological features are the combination of those of classic, and desmoplastic medulloblastoma. Review of literature was done.
Child* ; Headache ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraparesis ; Prognosis ; Vomiting

Some individuals may demonstrate a secondary phase nystagmus (SPN) following the caloric irrigation. It has been stated that if a SPN begins prior to 140 seconds after the onset of caloric stimulation and if the magnitude of the slow phase velocity is greater than 6 degrees/sec, then a premature reversal caloric nystagmus (PRCN) is said to exit. Thus far, there have been no reports describing PRCN in Korea. We described a typical PRCN in a patient with medulloblastoma within the 4th ventricle. The patient had a gaze-evoked horizontal and upbeating nystagmus. However, there was no indication of spontaneous nystagmus. A monothermal caloric test was administered. The initial left beating primary phase nystagmus was subsided at 60 seconds after right cold water stimulation and at 110 seconds, a right beating SPN with 14 degrees/sec of slow phase velocity was appeared and was continuous for 240 seconds. Although the precise mechanism of PRCN is unknown, vestibular nuclei damage may be related.
Caloric Tests ; Humans ; Korea ; Medulloblastoma ; Nystagmus, Physiologic* ; Vestibular Nuclei ; Water

Treatment of cerebellar medulloblastoma has been much improved with modern surgical technique for gross total tumor removal and adequate radiation therapy for the whole craniospinal axis. Questions have been arosen about the optimal radiation dose for the preventive treatment of whole cranium and whole spinal axis. Recently, many authors have reported their treatment results as comparable to older data, using lower than conventional dose of 3,600cGy-4,000cGy. For 50 patients treated between 1981 and 1950 at the Department of Radiation Therapy of SNUH, retrospective analysis was done for the treatment result, especially the neuraxis control, by radiation dose for the presymptomatic area of the disease. Analysis only by total spinal dose did not give any significant difference. But further analysis by following patient group: 3,600cGy/150cGy (n=S), 3,000cGy/150cGy (n=10), 2,400 cGy/150cGy (n=17) and 2,400cGy/100-120cGy (n=11) showed significant improvement of neuraxis control by decreasing order (p=0.003). There was no significant difference in overall survival between the groups. For the 19 patients who had been confirmed initially as having no neuraxis disease, TDF 30 was the cur-off value that could prevent neuraxis failure (p=0.004). We couldn't define any TDF value that give reasonable control for the patient group with positive CSF study at initial diagnosis.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma* ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull

The extraaxial presentation of medulloblastoma is a rare phenomenon. This article describes the case of 19-year old woman who presented with mild headache and nausea and was diagnosed with medulloblastoma. The tumor arose from the right cerebellar cortex, and it was misdiagnosed meningioma on the basis of radiological examination. We review the literature and discuss the such atypical presentation of medulloblastoma.
Cerebellar Cortex ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma* ; Meningioma ; Nausea ; Young Adult

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors(PNETs) are composed of undifferentiated cells resembling germinal matrix cells of the embryonic neural tube. The concept of the primitive neuroectodermal tumors is controversial due to indistinct clinicopathologic entities. While some neuropathologists believe that the PNET concept should be applied to all these tumors with the addition of qualifying terms, the opponents of this approach believe this concept to be too simplistic and that well-established diagnostic entities should not be grouped together as a single entity. Four patients with PNET were reviewed. Although the PNETs bear some differences to posterior fossa medulloblastomas, we should be grouped together as a single pathologic entity because of their primitive nature. The purpose of this study is to review the similarties and differences between two tumors from their histologic and embryologic features.
Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; Neural Plate ; Neural Tube ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive*