Objectives: To determine the efficacy of micronized oral progesterone (OMP) versus Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) in the control and regulation of mild to moderate abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents with ovulatory dysfunction. Materials and Methods This is an open labelled Randomized Controlled Trial. Fifty patients with mild to moderate abnormal uterine bleeding were randomized to treatment with Medroxyprogesterone Acetate or Oral Micronized Progesterone.
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

Although oral medroxyprogesterone acetate has been used in various gynecologic conditions in women, literature is scant on its use in adolescents. Hence, this article reviews the clinical indications of oral medroxyprogesterone in these young women.
MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE ; PROGESTINS

A case of marked regression of bilateral pulmonry metastases is presented. The pulmonary metastases were confirmed histologically by ultrathin needle aspiration cytology before radical nephrectomy. Demonstrable regression was noticed 2 months after hormonal therapy with medroxyprogeaterone acetate following nephrectomy. Attention is drawn to the use of hormonal therapy in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate* ; Medroxyprogesterone* ; Needles ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Nephrectomy*

No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate* ; Medroxyprogesterone* ; Tamoxifen*

This commentary is focused primarily on the relationship between menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and breast cancer risk, the primary adverse outcome measure of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) hormone trials. The WHI hormone trials are to date the largest randomized, placebo-controlled studies that evaluated the risks and benefits of hormone therapy in postmenopausal women. There are two arms: the estrogen-progestin (conjugated equine estrogen/medroxyprogesterone acetate) arm for women with intact uterus and the estrogen-alone (conjugated equine estrogen) arm for women who had a hysterectomy1. Both arms, planned to continue for 8.5 years, were stopped prematurely, the CEE/MPA arm after a mean of 5.2 years of follow-up and the CEE-alone arm after a mean of 7.2 years follow-up.
Female ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

To improve mass transfer and enhance the yield for C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of steroid 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone, we carried out the dehydrogenation reaction of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone in an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion by Arthrobacter simplex UR016. We studied the effects of system composition, dehydrogenation temperature and substrate concentration on microbial transformation. We formulated a suitable O/W microemulsion system with Arthrobacter simplex UR016 culture broth as aqueous phase, 10 g/L of edible oil as oil phase, 4 g/L of Tween-O80 and 7% (V/V) alcohol as surfactant and cosurfactant. The optimal dehydrogenation temperature was 33 degrees C. The results showed that in Tween-80/alcohol/edible oil/water microemulsion system, the hydrophobic steroid was solubilised and diffused effectively, with the maximum conversion rate of 88.6% at 46 h under 4 g/L substrate concentration, an increase of 66.2% compared to that in aqueous system. The C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone is more efficient in water-edible oil microemulsion system than in aqueous system.
Arthrobacter ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Emulsions ; Hydrogenation ; Medroxyprogesterone ; chemistry ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on endometrial thickness in postmenopausal women and to assess the difference in endometrial thickness by the type of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Endometrial thickness was measured in 258 postmenopausal women before and/or during 12 months of HRT. The subjects were grouped into the sequential therapy group (Group 1, 72 women) and continuous combined therapy group (Group 2, 186 women). Group 1 received 0.625 mg of conjugate equine estrogen (CEE) daily with cyclic addition of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 10 mg/day for 12 days per month). Group 2 received 0.625 mg of CEE with daily addition of MPA (2.5 mg/day). RESULTS: The sequential group showed no significant change in endometrial thickness during HRT compared to that before HRT. However, a significant increase in endometrial thickness was found in the continuous combined group at 12 months of treatment. Before HRT, the endometrial thickness in the continuous combined group was thinner than that of the sequential group. During 12 months of treatment, there was no difference in endometrial thickness between the types of HRT. And the proportion of patients with endometrial thickness of 8mm or greater at 12 months of treatment did not differ significantly from that before treatment in both groups. CONCLUSION: Sequential HRT did not influence the endometrial thickness during treatment. However, continuous combined HRT increased the endometrial thickness during 12 months of treatment compared to that before treatment. The different endometrial responses to each HRT regimen may be due to the difference in endometrial thickness before treatment in each group.
Estrogens ; Female ; Hormone Replacement Therapy* ; Humans ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the response of hyperplastic endometrium to Medroxyprogesterone acetate according to the histologic types such as simple typical, complex typical and atypical hyperplasia. METHODS: A total of 79 patients with histologically proved endometrial hyperplasia were enrolled into this prospective study between March 1996 and May 1998. Patients without atypia were placed on a regimen of cyclic therapy with 10mg MPA orally, each day for 14days per month for 3 months. In the cases in which hyperplasia did not regress , MPA was increased to 20mg. Patients with atypical hyperplasia received continuous MPA therapy, 20mg orally each day for 3 month. All patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of 1 year(mean 7 months). RESULTS: In patients with simple typical hyperplasia, 45 patients(80.4%) had regression, 11 patients(19.6%) had persistence and none had progression. In patients with complex typical hyperplasia, 10 patients(83.3%) had regression, 2 patients(16.7%) had persistence and none had progression. But, in patients with atypical hyperplasia 5 patients(45.4%) had regression, 4 patients(36.4%) had persistence and 2(18.2%) patients had well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma. There was no recurrence during the follow up. CONCLUSION: This data suggest that most women with typical hyperplasia respond to progestin therapy, but there is high failure rate of response to progestin therapy and risk of endometrial cancer in patients with atypical hyperplasia. If the young patient desires to preserve her fertility, then progestin therapy may be considered as primary treatment in patients with atypical hyperplasia. But older patients in whom fertility is not an issue, hysterectomy should be selected as treatment of choice for atypical lesion.
Adenocarcinoma ; Endometrial Hyperplasia* ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Fertility ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Hysterectomy ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Medroxyprogesterone* ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence

Surgical tumor resection, most appropriately together with the affected organ, is the sole form of curative therapy in low-staged renal cell carcinoma. But the fact that about 30% of patients show distant metastases or regional lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma indicates the urgent need for the development of an effective treatment modalities. Herein we report the preliminary result of chemo-immuno-hormonal(triple) combination therapy which consists of a-interferon, vinblastine and medroxyprogesterone acetate in 17 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma from June 1990 to June 1994. The patients received the treatment with the combination of alpha interferon(a-IFN: 6 million units IM three times a week), vinblastine(VBL: 3 mgN2 IV monthly) and medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA: 600 mg IM twice a month) at least 6 cycles. Although almost all the patients tolerated the treatment a few patients were stopped the treatment when the general condition of the patient became poor in progressive disease The 5 of 17 patients showed partial response and one patient with lung and liver metastasis was resolved completely. The response rate was 35.3% after treatment and the survival rates for 6 month and 1 year were 70.6% and 47.1%, respectively. So the chemo-immuno-hormonal combination therapymight be an alternative safe modality and be able to prolong the survival duration in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Medroxyprogesterone ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Survival Rate ; Vinblastine

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate whether lithium chloride and medroxyprogesterone acetate can potentiate the cytotoxicity of imatinib mesylate in human endometrial cancer in vitro and the effect of midkine in these therapies. METHODS: Imatinib mesylate (50 microM), lithium chloride (100 microM), medroxyprogesterone acetate (200 microM) and their combination were applied to monolayer and three dimensional cultures of human Ishikawa endometrial cancer for 72 hours. The cell proliferation index, apoptotic index, caspase-3 and midkine levels, cell cycle distributions in monolayer cultures and cell ultrastructure in spheroid cultures were evaluated. Results were statistically analyzed using the Student's t-test. RESULTS: All drug applications inhibited cell proliferation (p<0.05), however the combination were the effective groups for 72 hours (p<0.05). Interestingly, although the loss of efficiency was seen higly seen every 24 hours at single applications, the inhibition rates of the combination groups were almost same for 72 hours. In concordance with these results, the apoptotic index, caspase-3 levels (p<0.05), cell morphology and ultrastructure damages were much higher in the combination groups. Imatinib mesylate induced S-phase arrest, however other groups induced G0+G1-phase arrest at 24 hours and all groups induced G0+G1 arrest at 72 hours (p<0.05). Imatinib mesylate and imatinib mesylate with medroxyprogesterone acetate induced highest decrease in midkine levels, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the combination of imatinib mesylate with lithium chloride and medroxyprogesterone acetate is highly active in Ishikawa endometrial carcinoma in vitro and the inhibition of midkine involved in their mechanism of action against endometrium defense.
Benzamides ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytokines ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Lithium ; Lithium Chloride ; Medroxyprogesterone ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Mesylates ; Piperazines ; Pyrimidines