1.From Woohwang Cheongsimwon (牛黃淸心元) to Ginseng (人蔘): The History of Medicine Use in the Joseon Era.
Korean Journal of Medical History 2017;26(2):147-180
In Korean traditional medicine, though herbal decoction, acupuncture, and moxibustion are all used to treat diseases, restorative medicines are the most widely preferred treatment method. This paper explores the historical background of restorative herbal medicines and ginseng among the Korean public and Korean traditional medicine practice. It also seeks to clarify how social and cultural perspectives on drug use have changed since restorative medicine became mainstream during the Joseon era. Drug use tendencies were affected by the medical system of the Joseon Dynasty, patients' desires for reliable treatment, and perceptions of the human body and the causes of disease. In the late Joseon Dynasty, medicine, an industry originally monopolized by the government, began to be manufactured and traded on the free market, and medical personnel began to participate in medical activities on a large scale. As the healthpreserving theory became more popular and medical personnel became more accessible, medicinal preferences also changed. Specifically, whereas preference was first given to common medicines, such as Cheongsimwon, which are effective for various symptoms, restorative medicines, such as ginseng, gradually became more popular. These restorative medicines were faithful to the basic tenet of East Asian traditional medicine: to avoid disease by making the body healthy before the onset of illness. Patients' desires for safe treatment and growing competition among commercial doctors who wanted stable profits further increased the popularity of milder medicines. Ultimately, as ginseng cultivation was realized, its use expanded even further in a wave of commercialization.
Acupuncture
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History of Medicine*
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Human Body
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Medicine, Korean Traditional
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Methods
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Moxibustion
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Panax*
2.Comparative researches on medicinal property theories of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Mongolian medicinal herbs.
Hai-Ying TONG ; Xue-Ming GUO ; Chun WANG ; Gan-Sheng ZHONG ; Jian-Jun ZHANG ; Sheng-Sang NA
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2008;33(5):606-608
This article reveals the similarities and differences between the two materia medica systems of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Mongolian medicine by comparing the medicinal property theories of these two; our expectations are the mutual profits and complementation of the two traditional medicines from each other, a broader clinical use of natural medicinal herbs, and then, a development of traditional medicines.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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Medicine, Chinese Traditional
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
3.Education, Clinical Practice, and Research on Psychiatric Illnesses in Korean Traditional Medicine.
Seong Yoon KIM ; Taemoon ERM ; Subin PARK ; Jin Pyo HONG ; Oh Su HAN ; Hanik K YOO
Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2007;46(2):151-158
OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to obtain the basic information on how oriental psychiatric specialists have learned oriental psychiatry, have been trained as a clinician and have conducted recent psychiatric researches. METHODS: We reviewed textbooks, references and annual reports, which have been used and published at the Korean colleges of oriental medicine and the Ministry of Health and Welfare. We also applied detailed questionnaires to 30 oriental physicians for identifying the current situation of local oriental clinics. In addition, we inspected the reports related with oriental psychiatry from 2000 to 2004. RESULTS: The number of oriental hospitals and clinics was 8,638 (12.9% of the total number of hospitals and clinics), and 14,480 oriental physicians have been licensed in 2003 and 16,182 in 2005. Since 2003, 62 oriental psychiatric specialists have been produced. The number of national medical insurance claims for mental disorders from oriental hospitals and clinics in 2002 was 9.0% of the total number of claims. At local oriental clinics, 29.8 patients with psychiatric problems were treated monthly. 2.6% in men and 11.0% in women visited local oriental clinics due to psychiatric symptoms. One hundred fifty-one papers associated with psychiatry have been published during recent 5 years, and 54.7% of them were pertinent to case studies. CONCLUSION: The current status of oriental psychiatric education and training system could be rather inadequate to produce competent oriental doctors who can perform psychiatric practices. In addition, the objective and scientific research data should be accumulated to confirm the hypothesis and effectiveness of psychiatric evaluation and treatment of oriental medicine.
Education*
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Female
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Humans
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Insurance
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Male
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Medicine, Korean Traditional*
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Mental Disorders
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Surveys and Questionnaires
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Specialization
4.Pre-formulation physicochemical properties of component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang.
Hong-Bo LIU ; Si-Ning XU ; Zhi-Shu TANG ; Jing SUN ; Zhong-Xing SONG ; Chun-Li CUI ; Rui ZHOU ; Xing-Hang CAI ; Jin-Gao YU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(12):2858-2864
Pre-formulation physicochemical properties of the component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang were investigated to provide a research basis for the design of the dosage form for component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang. The macroporous resin adsorption and refining technology was used to prepare the total glycosides extract of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, Panacis Majoris Rhizome and Corni Fructus respectively in the prescription of Qinqi Fengshi Fang. Their physicochemical properties were investigated, including solubility, wettability, hygroscopicity, equilibrium solubility, oil-water partition coefficient, and stability. The results showed that the total glycosides of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, Panacis Majoris Rhizome and Corni Fructus all had good solubility and wettability. The solubility index of each total glycoside component was greater than 85%, and the water absorption index was greater than 50%. In the range of pH 2.0-7.4, the equilibrium solubility of three kinds of total glycosides all increased with the increase of pH, showing a consistent change trend of solubility. The hydrophilicity was also suitable and similar. Overall, three kinds of total glycosides showed good stability, but strong hygroscopicity. The degree of hygroscopicity was as follows: total glycosides of Gen-tianae Macrophyllae Radix > total glycosides of Corni Fructus > total glycosides of Panacis Majoris Rhizome. Therefore, the hygroscopi-city needed to be considered in the preparation of the component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang. The excipients and packaging materials can be properly selected to reduce the hygroscopicity of the preparation. This study provides a reference for the dosage form design of the component-based Chinese medicine of Qinqi Fengshi Fang.
Cornus
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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Glycosides
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Rhizome
5.Origin, development, and modern application value of Chinese herbal lozenges.
Yan WANG ; Jie-Chen XIAN ; Shi-Bin CHEN ; Wei CHEN ; Yi FENG ; You-Jie WANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2023;48(3):588-595
Lozenge is one of the traditional dosage forms of Chinese medicine. It has been recorded in traditional Chinese medical classics of all dynasties since the Eastern Han Dynasty and has been developing and evolving continuously. The unique pharmaceutical methods and application scope are the driving force of its emergence, existence, and development. Up to now, lozenge has been included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia as an independent dosage form. Lozenge has been endowed with new meaning by modern Chinese medicine pharmaceutics, which is worth tracing origin and exploring value. The present study reviewed the origin and development of lozenge, compared lozenge with other similar dosage forms, analyzed the characteristics of modern and ancient dosage forms of lozenge, and discussed the development prospect and potential of lozenge in combination with the demand development of modern Chinese medicine preparation, so as to provide references for expanding the modern application of lozenge.
Biopharmaceutics
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Tablets
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
6.Similarities and Differences between Wetern Medicine and Oriental Medicine.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 1997;40(3):276-282
No abstract available.
Medicine, East Asian Traditional*
7.A View on Oriental Medicine.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2005;48(8):698-701
No abstract available.
Medicine, East Asian Traditional*
8.Comparision of doctors' experience with and attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine between western medicine and korean traditional medicine in office-based settings.
Young Ho KHANG ; Moo Song LEE ; Hee Jo KOO ; Wee Chang KANG ; Byung Mook LIM ; Sang Il LEE
Journal of the Korean Academy of Family Medicine 1999;20(9):1106-1117
BACKGROUD: Primary care physicians (PCPs) and ariental medical dactors (OMDs), as primary healthcare providers, could directly affect patients use of complementary and alternative medidne(CAM). This study was carried out to compare the practice experience with, the knowledge about, and the attitudes taward CAM between PCPs and OMDs in Korea. METHODS: A total of 502 PCPs and 500 OMDs in urban area of Karea were selected by the proportionate quota and systematic sampling methood. Face-to-face interviews were done with structured questionnaire. RESULTS: The rate af practice experience with and referral rate af CAM were reported 13.7% and 38.6% in PCPs, 76.8% and 85.4%. in OMDs respectively. OMDs evaluated the efficacy of each CAM higher than PCPs. Both doctors had wide variatians of knowledge in how to practice each CAM. However more than half OMDs knew how to practice chiropracic, taping therapy, aromatherapy, and iridology respectively, about 30% of PCPs high colic/enema and chiropractic. PCPs had mcire negative attitudes toward CAM and the advertisement of the other professional medidne (korean traditional medicine) than OMDs. OMDs more strongly supported the natural healing process, health-disease continuum, and psychological effect on health, and opposed Descares view on human body than PCPs. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed OMDs had more experience with, knowledge about, positive attitudes toward and supportive health concepts to CAM than PCPs. CAM practice would be diffused with chiropractic, taping therapy, aromatherapy, and iridolagy in OMDs; high colic/enema and chiropractic in PCPs.
Aromatherapy
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Chiropractic
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Complementary Therapies*
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Human Body
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Humans
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Korea
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Medicine, Korean Traditional*
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Physicians, Primary Care
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Primary Health Care
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Referral and Consultation
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Surveys and Questionnaires
9.Nurse Characteristics related to Level of Use of Essential Oriental Nursing Terms in Oriental Medicine Hospitals.
Jee In HWANG ; Won Ock KIM ; Myoung Ja WANG
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2011;17(2):209-215
PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the level of use of essential oriental nursing terms and related characteristics among nurses in oriental medicine (OM) hospitals. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey design with convenience sampling was employed. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 315 nurses in seven university-affiliated OM hospitals. The questionnaire included 174 oriental nursing terms about actions, tests, drugs, and theories. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine factors associated with the level of use. RESULTS: The response rate was 98.1% (n=309). Overall mean score for use of essential oriental nursing terms was 2.7(+/-0.7) on a five-point Likert scale. Significant factors associated with the level of use were workplace and knowledge of oriental nursing theory terms. Nurses who worked in nursing care wards and those who had a higher level of knowledge of oriental nursing theories had a higher level of use. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that level of use of essential oriental nursing terms were below average. Educational programs to enhance knowledge of oriental nursing theories need to be implemented for nurses in OM hospitals, considering their workplace, in order to facilitate nursing data sharing and communication among healthcare providers.
Cross-Sectional Studies
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Health Personnel
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Humans
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Information Dissemination
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional
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Medicine, Korean Traditional
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Nursing Care
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Nursing Theory
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Surveys and Questionnaires
10.Being a matter of fact, disease is not diversified in Chinese medicine and Western medicine.
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine 2010;30(4):423-425
Being a matter of fact, disease itself is not diversified in Chinese and Western medicine, the only discrepancy between them lies on the different understandings. The implacable different cognitions of the two medicines on an identical fact just demonstrate some deviations from the truth. Since the thing researched is the same one, the diverge must be lessened when the cognition is pushing near the truth, hereby, the recognition for communicating is get ready. Besides, communication with other medicines is the objective requirement for Chinese medicine itself due to the insufficient auto-renewing in a long time, and interchanging with Western medicine is one of the very important ways beyond question. So, the problem needed to be taken into consideration is how to make it actual, but not whether it is the requisite.
Medicine
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Medicine, East Asian Traditional