Severe complications such as meningoencephalitis are quite rare in the setting of mumps infection. We report here on a 24-year-old soldier with a past history of MMR vaccination who was admitted because of aseptic meningitis. His mental status rapidly deteriorated and swelling of both parotid glands was observed. The MR findings revealed discrete lesions in the brainstem and thalamus. He barely recovered within 2 months. Among the adults with failure to acquire immunity despite MMR vaccination, institutional crowding can lead to cases of potentially fatal CNS complication such as mumps meningoencephalitis.
Vaccination ; Mumps/*complications ; Meningoencephalitis/diagnosis/*etiology ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/*immunology ; Male ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Adult

INTRODUCTIONMeasles, mumps and rubella (MMR) are viral infections causing significant mortality and morbidity for which effective and safe vaccines are available. The safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a combined MMR vaccine when administered to healthy Singaporean children were evaluated in this study.

MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 150 children aged 12 to 18 months were vaccinated in this open, single-group, single-centre study [209762/147]. Solicited local and general symptoms reported within 4 days of vaccination and fever, parotid/salivary gland swelling and signs of meningism in the 43 days following vaccination were recorded using diary cards. Serious adverse events occurring during the study period were monitored. Immunogenicity was assessed at 42 days post-vaccination.

RESULTSRedness (8.7%) and pain (7.2%) at injection site were the most commonly reported solicited local symptoms during the 4-day follow-up period after vaccination. Percentage of subjects reporting drowsiness, irritability and loss of appetite during the 4-day follow-up after vaccination was 7.2%, 8% and 7.2%, respectively. None of the solicited symptoms reported during the 4-day follow-up period was of grade "3" intensity. Fever (42.8%) was the most commonly reported solicited general symptom, with 5.1% of the children reporting fever >39.0 degrees C (axillary). No serious adverse events considered to be related to vaccination were reported. Seroconversion rates were 100% for measles and rubella antibodies and 98.1% for mumps antibodies.

CONCLUSIONSGlaxoSmithKline Biologicals' MMR vaccine was shown to be well tolerated and highly immunogenic when used in Singaporean children 12 to 18 months of age.

Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Welfare ; Male ; Measles ; prevention & control ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Mumps ; prevention & control ; Mumps virus ; Prospective Studies ; Rubella ; prevention & control ; Singapore

Infectious diseases have historically resulted in suspended or cancelled military operations. Vaccination for disease prevention is a critical component of the military's force readiness doctrine. Until recently, Korea had not recognized the importance of vaccinating military personnel. However, a 2011 meningococcal disease outbreak at an army recruit training center led to dramatic changes in the paradigm of traditional medical practice in the Korean armed forces. A new vaccination policy was formed by a 2012 Military Healthcare Service Act. Since then, Neisseria meningitidis, hepatitis A, and measles-mumps-rubella vaccines have been routinely administered to all new recruits early in basic training to ensure protection against these diseases. All active-duty soldiers also receive seasonal influenza vaccination annually. Despite quantitative improvements in vaccination policies, several instances of major infectious diseases and adverse vaccine reactions have threatened soldier health. In the future, vaccination policies in the Korean armed forces should be based on epidemiologic data and military medical research for vaccine use and safety management.
Health Policy ; Hepatitis A Vaccines/immunology ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines/immunology ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/immunology ; Meningococcal Vaccines/immunology ; *Military Personnel ; Republic of Korea ; *Vaccination

OBJECTIVETo study the safety and immunogenicity of the measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccine (MMR) produced by Beijing Biological Product Institute.

METHODSChildren aged 10-12 years, 2-2.5 years and 8-12 months were selected to be vaccinated with Beijing MMR vaccine (test vaccine). Other groups of children with similar nature were vaccinated with measles vaccine, mumps vaccine and rubella vaccine while using imported MMR vaccine (control vaccine) as controls.

RESULTSThe safety of the Beijing MMR vaccine was confirmed after vaccinating 32 children above 2 years old. Among 104 children of 8-12 months were vaccinated with Beijing MMR vaccine, only 6.7% of the children had transient fever and 1.9% had signs of rashes but with no other signs observed. The positive seroconversion rates of measles, rubella and mumps anti-HI were 100%, 100% and 85.7% respectively. GMT also showed high lever.

CONCLUSIONThe MMR vaccine (Beijing) had good safety and immunogenicity which might be used to be the bases enhance immunization of measles.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Freeze Drying ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Humans ; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine ; adverse effects ; immunology ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; adverse effects ; immunology