OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between serum matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and the formation of deep venous thrombosis(LDVT) in lower extremity patients after surgery for lower extremity fracture, and to analyze the value of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in predicting the occurrence of LDVT after lower extremity fracture. METHODS: From June 2018 to December 2021, 352 patients who planned to receive surgical treatment of lower limb fracture in our hospital were selected as the research objects. Venous blood was collected at 1, 2 and 3 days after surgery, respectively, and serum MMP-1 and MMP-2 levels were detected. The incidence of LDVT during hospitalization was analyzed, and the risk factors of postoperative LDVT in patients with lower limb fracture surgery and the predictive value of MMP-1 and MMP-2 for LDVT were analyzed. RESULTS: LDVT occurred in 40 patients (LDVT group), the incidence of LDVT was 11.36%, and 312 patients did not occurred(no occurred group). The serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in LDVT group increased gradually after surgery; the serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in the no occurred group increased slightly after surgery at 2 days and then decreased at 3 days after surgery (P<0.01);the serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 in LDVT group were higher than those in the no occurred group at 2 days and 3 days after surgery (P<0.05). Serum levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 were positively correlated with serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) in LDVT patients at 2 days and 3 days postoperatively (P<0.05). Operative time, MMP-1 and MMP-2 postoperative 3 days were related to the occurrence of LDVT after lower limb fracture (P<0.01). The area under the curve(AUC) predicted by MMP-1 and MMP-2 postoperative 3 days for LDVT after lower limb fracture was 0.738 and 0.744 respectively, and the AUC predicted by combined MMP-1 and MMP-2 was 0.910, which was higher than that predicted by single indicator(Z=2.819 and 2.025, P<0.05). CONCLUSION High levels of MMP-1 and MMP-2 after lower extremity fracture are closely related to the occurrence of LDVT, and 3 d mMP-1 and MMP-2 after surgery maybe used as evaluation indexes for LDVT risk prediction.
Humans ; Lower Extremity/surgery* ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1/blood* ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/blood* ; Risk Factors ; Venous Thrombosis/etiology* ; Fractures, Bone/surgery*

BACKGROUNDThe relationship between the presence of metalloproteinases and thyroid cancer remains unknown, and many controversies still exist in this field. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlations between papillary thyroid cancer and peripheral blood levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2.

METHODSThe correlations were studied by detecting the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in the peripheral blood of 30 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, 27 patients with benign thyroid disease, and 25 healthy volunteers.

RESULTSThe levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in the peripheral blood of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma were significantly higher than those in the peripheral blood of patients with benign thyroid disease and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between patients with benign thyroid disease and healthy volunteers (P > 0.05). The accuracy of detection by both enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in the papillary thyroid cancer group was 83.33%.

CONCLUSIONSThe levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in the peripheral blood are helpful in identifying thyroid carcinoma and aid in preoperative assessment.

Adult ; Aged ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; blood ; pathology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship of serum metalloproteinase with the severity of liver fibrosis and inflammation.

METHODSA total of 88 patients with HBV-related liver fibrosis and early cirrhosis were enrolled from six hospitals. Serum fibrosis markers including hyaluronic acid (HA), IV collagen (IV-C), aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIIP), laminin (LN), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 1, 2, 9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1, 2 levels were determined. Liver biopsies were assessed according to a modified Scheuer and Chevallier's scoring system.

RESULTSSerum TIMP1 (r=0.540) and MMP2 (r=0.314) were correlated positively with the degree of hepatic fibrosis, whereas serum MMP1 (r=-0.495) was correlated negatively. By receiver operating curve analysis (ROC), the sensitivity to distinguish the fibrosis stage 2 from stage 1 was 90.5% and the specificity was 52.0% if the cut-off value of MMP1 was 13.96 ng/ml, and the sensitivity was 91.6% and the specificity was 64.0% if the cut-off value of TIMP1 was 76.84 ng/ml. The sensitivity to distinguish cirrhosis (stage 4) from fibrosis (stage 3) was 70.7% and specificity was 80.9% if the cut-off value of MMP1 was 6.86 ng/ml, and the sensitivity was 60.5% and the specificity was 92.3% if the cut-off value of TIMP1 was 210.04 ng/ml.

CONCLUSIONSerum TIMP1, MMP1, MMP2 levels and TIMP1/MMP1 ratio could be used as serum fibrosis markers.

Adult ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; blood ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; virology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood

BACKGROUNDSerum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) have been shown to play a role in bone metabolism by degrading the bone matrix. The present study was undertaken to compare OPG and MMP-2 with bone mineral density and three markers (alkaline phosphatase (AKP), calcium and phosphorus) in postmenopausal women in Wuhan.

METHODSSerum OPG, MMP-2, and AKP of 78 Chinese postmenopausal women aged 48 to 65 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Bone mineral density was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), and serum calcium and phosphorus were measured by auto biochemical analysis.

RESULTSSerum OPG and MMP-2 concentrations were significantly higher in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis ((127.6 +/- 6.3) ng/L; (1388 +/- 121) microg/L)) than those in age-matched normal controls ((72.3 +/- 2.4) ng/L; (1126 +/- 141) microg/L, P < 0.01). Negative relationships were found between serum OPG, MMP-2 levels and bone mineral density in osteoporotic women. Adjusted by age and body mass index (BMI), the correlation of MMP-2 with bone mineral density of the neck of the femur disappeared. In osteoporotic women, negative correlations between OPG, MMP-2 levels and serum calcium were found (r = -0.216; r = -0.269, P < 0.05), but positive correlations between OPG and serum AKP, serum phosphorus (r = 0.235; r = 0.124, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSSignificant correlations exist between serum OPG, MMP-2 levels and bone metabolism in high bone turnover of postmenopausal osteoporotic women. The concentrations of serum OPG and MMP-2 increase possibly as a concomitant event in the high bone turnover state, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therefore serum OPG and MMP-2 could be used as indicators for the bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporotic women.

Aged ; Bone Density ; Bone and Bones ; metabolism ; Calcium ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Osteoprotegerin ; blood ; Postmenopause ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, -9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and hs-CRP, and their relationship with coronary artery in children with Kawasaki disease.

METHODSOne hundred and fifty-one children with Kawasaki disease (111 cases with coronary artery damage and 40 cases without) and 60 healthy children were enrolled. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 was detected using ELISA, and the hs-CRP concentration was measured using the endpoint nephelometry.

RESULTSThere were significant differences in the level of MMP-2, MMP-9 and hs-CRP between the patients with or without coronary artery damage and the healthy children (p<0.05). The levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and hs-CRP were the highest in the cardiovascular damage group (p<0.05). There were positive correlations between MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in children with Kawasaki disease.

CONCLUSIONSMMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and hs-CRP may play important roles in the development of Kawasaki disease. The combined measurement of MMP-2, MMP-9 and hs-CRP may be useful in the evaluation of the severity in children with Kawasaki disease.

C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; blood ; etiology ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood

DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; enzymology ; Lung Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; genetics ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; genetics ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the serum level of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) and explore its correlation with MMP-2 and MMP-9 in patients with coronary artery disease (CHD).

METHODSA total of 103 CHD patients treated in our hospital between October, 2013 and May, 2014 were enrolled, including 39 with stable angina pectoris (SAP), 39 with unstable angina (UA), and 25 with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with 38 non-CHD volunteers as the control group. The serum levels of ICTP, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were detected in all the subjects using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSNo significant difference in serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, or ICTP was found between the control and SAP groups or between UA and AMI groups (P>0.05), but the latter two groups had significantly higher serum levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and ICTP than the former two groups (P<0.05). Serum ICTP level was found to negatively correlated with the fibrotic area and positively with the lipid component in the plaques (P<0.05). Regression analysis revealed significant positive correlations of serum ICTP with MMP-2 and MMP-9 (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAn elevated serum ICTP level is indicative of the presence of unstable plaques in CHD patients. Serum ICTP is more strongly correlated with MMP-2 than with MMP-9, and can be used as a non-invasive marker for assessing vulnerable plaques in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Angina Pectoris ; Angina, Unstable ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Collagen Type I ; blood ; Coronary Artery Disease ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Myocardial Infarction

INTRODUCTIONGestational hypertension (GH) is a common disorder during pregnancy that can progress to preeclampsia and cause various subsequent fatal complications. A cluster of enzymes, called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and its specific inhibitors, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), have been reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of GH. The purpose of this study was to examine circulating levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in pregnant women who had GH and those who were normotensive.

METHODSIn a case-control study, the total levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the sera of 108 pregnant patients were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. 54 patients with GH (test group) and 64 normotensive pregnant women (control group) were included in the study.

RESULTSWhile MMP-9 levels showed a high level of expression in the GH group (p = 0.085), TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels showed low levels of expression for the same. Weak positive correlations were found on correlation analysis between maternal age and TIMP-1 in the GH group (r = 0.278, p < 0.05), and between gestational age and TIMP-2 in the control group (r = 0.318, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that MMP-9 may be involved in the pathophysiology of GH. It may be of value to further evaluate MMP-9 as a potential biomarker for predicting preeclampsia in pregnant women.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; blood ; diagnosis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Pregnancy ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; blood ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; blood ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 and 9) has an important role in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we evaluated the relationship of gelatinase to chronic liver disease. METHODS: Four groups of subjects were examined; healthy control (10 cases), chronic hepatitis (18 cases), LC (15 cases), and HCC (28 cases). The plasma of each subject was obtained, and the equal quantification of plasma protein was done. The plasma activities of MMP-2 and 9 were measured by zymography. RESULTS: The activities of plasma MMP-2 in patients with LC were significantly higher than those in controls (p=0.009) and in patients with chronic hepatitis (p=0.011), but not different from those in patients with HCC. The activities of plasma MMP-9 in patients with LC were significantly higher than those in controls, but not different from those in patients with chronic hepatitis or HCC. In patients with LC (regardless of having HCC), the activities of MMP-2 correlated with total bilirubin (r=0.323, p=0.048) and Child-Pugh score (r=0.414, p=0.012). The activities of MMP-2 and 9 were higher in patients with LC (regardless of having HCC) caused by alcohol than caused by HBV (p=0.009 and 0.002 for each one). CONCLUSIONS: The plasma activity of MMP-2 may be a useful marker for the diagnosis and determination of the severity of LC. The plasma activity of MMP-9 was not useful for HCC, but may be a marker for alcoholic LC. Further study is needed to determine why the plasma activity of gelatinase was higher in patients with LC caused by alcohol than by HBV.
Adult ; Aged ; Biological Markers/blood ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnosis ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic/diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/*diagnosis/etiology ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/*blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/*blood ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate remodeling characteristics of coronary lesions in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) versus stable angina pectoris (SA) using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), and to explore the relationship between arterial remodeling and clinical presentation or matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) or hyper-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

METHODSWe studied culprit lesions of 38 patients with ACS and 18 patients with SA using IVUS before coronary intervention. The lesion site and a proximal or distal reference site including the external elastic membrane (EEM) area and lumen area were analyzed. Plaque area and remodeling index (RI) were calculated, and directions of arterial remodeling were determined. Positive remodeling was defined as RI > 1.05 and negative remodeling as RI < 0.95. We analyzed the culprit lesion qualitatively, identified high risk plaque and compared them in each group. The blood level of MMP-2, MMP-9 and hs-CRP in each group were also determined.

RESULTSThe plaque area at culprit lesions in patients with ACS was significantly larger (11.94 +/- 4.90 versus 9.17 +/- 3.36 mm2; P = 0.035), and also the RI in ACS group was significantly greater than that of patients with SA (0.972 +/- 0.222 versus 0.796 +/- 0.130; P = 0.003). The distribution of remodeling in these two groups was different: positive remodeling was more frequent in ACS group than in SA group (34.2% versus 5.6%, P = 0.047), whereas negative remodeling was more frequent in SA group (52.6% versus 88.9%, P = 0.003). There was higher incidence of high risk plaque in ACS group compared to SA (76.3% versus 50.0%, P = 0.040). The level of serum MMP-2 in ACS group was higher than that of SA group (250.65 +/- 47.97 microg/L versus 214.21 +/- 47.20 microg/L, P = 0.029). The same applied for plasma MMP-9 (84.26 +/- 9.78 microg/L versus 68.46 +/- 22.82 microg/L, P = 0.038) and serum hs-CRP (3.62 +/- 3.37 mg/L versus 1.48 +/- 1.52 mg/L, P = 0.041).

CONCLUSIONSPositive remodeling, larger plaque area and higher incidence of high risk plaque are associated with ACS, whereas negative remodeling is more common in patients with SA. This association between the extent of remodeling and clinical presentation may reflect a greater tendency that plaques with positive remodeling can cause ACS. The change of level of MMP-2, MMP-9 and hs-CRP in ACS patients may be helpful in investigating vulnerable plaques.

Adult ; Aged ; C-Reactive Protein ; analysis ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; pathology ; Coronary Vessels ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; blood ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography, Interventional