No abstract available.
Korea* ; Maternal Death*

The research was performed on 2,822 birth-related deaths in women aged 15-49 at 3 provinces Quang Ngai, Song Be and Vinh Phó during 1994-1995. Bleeding was the leading cause of death (55.1%), followed by gestational toxicity and eclampsia (13.04%), uterine rupture (12.3%), umbilical infection and tetanus (10.9%) that occurred only in remote areas and induced abortion (1.89%). Source of this situation related to awareness of pregnant women, specialist level and antenatal care has not met the requirements in fact. Training approaches and favorable treatment policies for primary health workers are needed
Maternal Mortality ; death

OBJECTIVE: To review the POGS statistics on Maternal Mortality Rate and causes of direct and indirect maternal deaths from 2012 to 2014.
BASIC PROCEDURE: Data were retrieved friom the Integrated Statistical Information System, or ISIS, of POGS, and compliance in its use was assessed. Twenty four hospitals were chosen based on completeness of data and highest number of admissions.
RESULTS: Maternal Mortality Rate for the three-year period was 296 per 100,000 livebirths. The top causes of direct maternal deaths were hypertension, hemorrhage and infection. The top three causes of indirect maternal deaths were hypertension, hemorrhage and infection. The top three causes of indirect maternal deaths were cardiac, pulmonary and vascular.
CONCLUSION: Maternal Mortality Rate from 2012 to 2014 was reviewed. The low compliance submitting complete forms from POGS-accredited hospitals made the Committee on Nationwide Statistics strongly recommend an enhancement of the use of the electronic data-based system.

Human ; Female ; Maternal Death ; Maternal Mortality ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitals ; Hypertension ; Heart

Semmelweis correctly concluded that puerperal fever could be spread from necrotic discharge from living patients, as well as autopsy material. And maternal death rate was decreased dramatically by washing hands in chlorinated lime. Semmelweis may be credited with having for the first time constructed a statistically tested system of asepsis (keeping germs away from the patient) before the germ theory had arrived.
Asepsis ; Autopsy ; Fever ; Hand ; Humans ; Maternal Death*

Background: There are about 600.000 deaths related to pregnancy and delivery in the world every year. In Vietnam, the rate of maternal death is 165/100.00. The majority of maternity and new born deaths occurred in the first week after delivery, especially 24 hours after delivery. Objective: To investigate the status of delivery and various factors related to home delivery and propose recommendations to reduce the rate of home delivery in Luong Son, Hoa Binh. Subject and method: The cross sectional study using a structured questionnaire with women who gave birth in 2003 was conducted in two communes of Luong Son district. Result: The home delivery rate was high (31.5%) and only 36.1% women decided themselves where to deliver. The main reasons for home delivery was perception related to last home delivery was normal, therefore this delivery should be at home (53.8%). Among 108 women interviewed, only 72% gave birth with the assistance of health professionals and 28% delivered with none health professional assistance. The rate of obstetric complications and new born death was relatively high among those that had homebirths. Conclusion: In order to increase the delivery rate at health care facilities and with the assistance of health professionals, there is required the cooperation of stakeholders for improving infrastructure, economic development, health education for increasing awareness of people on safe delivery. The public should change their perception, custom and behavior toward homebirths. Besides, the health sector should better manage the maternal health care program, monitor the pregnant women, plan the delivery dates and advocate their families (husbands and parent in laws) to take the women to deliver at the health care facilities.
Home delivery ; maternal death ; Hoa Binh province

OBJECTIVE: To examine the changes of maternal mortality ratio and the causes of death in Korea during 1995-2000. METHODS: Maternal mortality data were collected through two stages: collection of registration data and maternal mortality survey at medical institutions. The cause of death was judged by agreement of three obstetrician. RESULTS: Maternal mortality ratio decreased from 20 (per 100,000 live births) in 1995 to 18 in 1999 and 15 in 2000. The mortality ratio was higher for women 35 years and older. Postpartum hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and obstetric embolism are three main causes of maternal death which comprised about half of all maternal death. CONCLUSION: Maternal mortality ratio decreased during 1995-2000. All causes of maternal death decreased since 1995. However obstetric embolism appeared to be relatively more important cause of death in 1999-2000.
Cause of Death* ; Embolism ; Female ; Humans ; Korea* ; Maternal Death ; Maternal Mortality* ; Mortality ; Postpartum Hemorrhage ; Pregnancy

PURPOSE: In the past 15 years in Korea, there have been findings reporting a remarkable improvement in reduction of neonatal, infant, and perinatal mortality rates. Consequently, this study was conducted to examine the trends of maternal mortality ratio and observe if it has also improved over time. METHODS: The trends of maternal deaths from 1995 to 2010 in Korea were analyzed based on the following materials: 1) surveys of maternal death rate conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs (1995-2008), 2) statistical report of causes of death in Korea by Statistics Korea (2007-2010). RESULTS: The number of maternal deaths and the maternal mortality ratio declined steadily from 1995 to 2010 in Korea; however, they have increased slightly since 2008. The direct maternal mortality ratio was reduced when comparing the direct proposition maternal death ratio of 16:4 in 1995 and of 9.1:5 in 2010. The maternal mortality ratio tended to be higher in women from 35-39 years old age group, 40 years or older. Gangwon province had the highest maternal mortality ratio of all provinces in Korea. In 2009, the average maternal mortality ratio for the OECD nations was 10.1 while it was 10.8 for Korea, a little higher than the OECD average. CONCLUSION: Although the maternal mortality ratio improved by a significant reduction between 1995 and 2010 in Korea, the level is still about average for the OECD countries. It appears that even more efforts should be made to improve maternal mortality ratio compared to the progression in the areas of neonatal and infant mortality rates.
Cause of Death ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Korea ; Maternal Death ; Maternal Mortality ; Perinatal Mortality

OBJECTIVETo analysis the trend of maternal death time and explore the impact of the variety of death causes and birth place to maternal death time.

METHODSAccording to the data provided by Beijing Maternal and Children Health Hospital, the 372 death cases of pregnant and lying-in women from 1995 to 2010, a retrospective study was performed to analyze the death causes, maternal death time and the influencing factors.

RESULTSThe MMR declined from 27.9 per 100 000 live births from 1995 to 2000 to 14.8 per 100 000 live births from 2006 to 2010, with a decline of 46.9%. Among the maternal death within 24 hours of delivery, 79.7% (106/133) died of obstetric hemorrhage, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and amniotic fluid embolism. It took up 47.8% (64/134) from 1995 to 2000, reduced to 37.5% (45/120) from 2006 to 2010. At the same time, the maternal mortality ratio within 24 hours reduced from 40.2%(54/134) to 28.3% (34/120), the variation of death time was consistent with the causes of maternal mortality (χ² = 59.109, P < 0.05). Indirect obstetric causes increased significantly from 2006 to 2010, 53.2% (33/62) of pregnant women with heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and pulmonary embolism died in prenatal or more than 120 hours postnatal. Among the maternal death delved in hospital, 29.0% (29/100) died within 24 hours, 52 cases delved at home or in private clinics, 43 cases (82.6%) died within 24 h postnatal. There were significant differences between birth place and death time (χ² = 24.500, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMaternal death time changed from 24 hours of delivery to prenatal or postnatal a long time. The maternal mortality causes and hospital delivery is an important factor affecting maternal time.

Cause of Death ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Maternal Health Services ; Maternal Mortality ; trends ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; mortality

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is one of the sudden unexpected causes in pregnancy and maternal deaths. It has been considered as a potential fatal disease in pregnancy, but the postmortem findings of AFLP is not well known. Because an unexpected maternal death may lead to a legal dispute, forensic pathologists should be aware of clinical presentations and postmortem findings of AFLP. Therefore, we presented our case and reviewed with literatures.
Autopsy ; Dissent and Disputes ; Fatty Liver* ; Forensic Pathology ; Maternal Death* ; Pregnancy*

Pulmonary Embolism, one of the causes of maternal death, is a life threatening disease that needs early and accurate diagnosis. We have exprerienced a case of a fatal pulmonary embolism which was diagnosed by lung perfusion scan on the postoperative 1 day after cesarean delivery and was managed with heparin therapy. We present this case with a brief review of literatures.
Diagnosis ; Heparin ; Lung ; Maternal Death ; Perfusion ; Pulmonary Embolism*