PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the relations among appropriateness of work, competency on student suicide and attitude toward suicide in health teachers. METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive one. The subjects were 193 health teachers. Self-administered questionnaires were used to measure the variables of this study. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression with SAS 9.3 software were used for the data analysis. RESULTS: The attitude score toward suicide ranged from 1.47 to −1.03. The average score of appropriateness of work and competency related to student suicide were 2.34 and 2.81 respectively. Associated factors with competency related to student suicide among health teacher were appropriateness of work related to student suicide, two items of attitude toward suicide(suicide is an acceptable means to end an incurable illness and people who commit suicide are usually mentally ill), education level, education experience on suicide prevention and management, and the adjusted R2 of the regression model was 34.3%. CONCLUSION: Health teachers were not tolerable to student suicide. However, they evaluated themselves as low in the appropriateness and competency to the work on student suicide, especially in screening and counselling of high risk groups. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to develop education programs about counseling and intervention on student suicide for health teachers.
Counseling ; Education ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Statistics as Topic ; Suicide*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the association of dietary intake levels with ante-natal depression among pregnant women. METHODS: Secondary data analysis was done using Can Pro software (version 3.0) to evaluate the diet intake levels with 24 hour recall diary method with 130 pregnant women visiting a general hospital. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and adjusted logistic regression using the SPSS/WIN program. RESULTS: Whole dietary intake levels of pregnant women were insufficient according to Recommended Nutrient Intake (RI) with the except of phosphorus intake. There were significant differences in RI by gestation period and high risk pregnancies. Non-depressed women showed more intake in niacin (z=1.33, p=.018) and zinc (t=3.99, p=.048) than depressed women did. Niacin was a significant determinant of ante-natal depression (Exp (B)=5.88, p=.47, 95% CI [1.02~23.83]). CONCLUSION: Dietary intake assessment would be necessary during pregnancies for the screening of ante-natal depression. For ante-natal depression care, a tailored dietary intervention should be applied for women with insufficient nutrient intake.
Depression ; Diet ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Niacin ; Phosphorus ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Statistics as Topic ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Zinc

Objective To learn the capability and functioning status of prenatal ultrasound screening institutions in Beijing and inform decision-making on the optimization of prenatal screening management. Method By using the data from the second and the third National Special Survey on Prenatal Screening and Prenatal Diagnostic Services in Beijing,we analyzed the distribution,human resources,workload,technology,and equipment of ultrasound screening institutions in Beijing as well as their changing trends. Results From 2013 to 2015,there were 100 prenatal ultrasound screening institutions,833 technicians,and 383 prenatal ultrasound screening instruments in Beijing,offering over 600 000 service sessions.In contrast,there were 93 institutions with a total service volume of 644 100 between 2010 and 2012.The general hospitals,tertiary hospitals,and urban areas(especially urban functional development areas and new urban development areas)were the main sources of the services.In particular,the maternal and child health care hospitals in Beijing provided the highest amount of services per unit of resources.The average prenatal ultrasound screening rate was about 98.05%.The service delivery trended to transfer from urban areas to remote county areas and from secondary institutions to tertiary institutions.Conclusion The operation and management of prenatal ultrasound screening institutions in Beijing are relatively standard.The ultrasound screening rate is relatively high in the second trimester,and the distribution of the services has constantly been improved since 2010.
Beijing ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; statistics & numerical data ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; statistics & numerical data ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Schools ; Students/statistics & numerical data* ; Vision Screening/methods* ; Visual Acuity

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of high school students' mental health on their academic achievement and school dropout rate by using longitudinal data. METHODS: For this study, 153 high schools were randomly sampled on a nationwide scale. The descriptive data was collected from a school information internet site which is organized by the Korean Ministry of Education. We used the schools' mean scores on the Adolescent Mental Health Problem-Behavior Questionnaire-II (AMPQ-II) scale which was used for estimating students' mental health in the 2013 school-based mental health screening test. The data analysis was conducted by using hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the AMPQ-II scale's mean scores have significant effects on the following year's academic achievement and annual dropout rates. Especially, the AMPQ-II scale's mean scores tend to increase the school dropout rate in vocational schools. CONCLUSION: The finding of this study is that Korean high school students' mental health states significantly influence their academic achievement and school dropout rate.
Adolescent ; Education ; Humans ; Internet ; Mass Screening ; Mental Health* ; Statistics as Topic ; Student Dropouts*

Service quality is, unlike goods quality, an abstract and elusive term. However, quality is very important to marketers and consumers in that it has many strategic benefits in contributing to profitability of marketing activities and consumers' problem-solving activities. The main purpose of this study is 1) to explore the differences of perception between consumers and providers about nursing service quality, 2) to identify the useful tool between two tools measuring nursing service quality. To achieve these purposes of the study, the questionnaire was developed and distributed to 210 nurses who worked at seven subjected hospitals in Seoul. Also, 280 people who had a direct experience with the subjected hospital nursing services at the time of screening were involved. They were randomly selected at the seven subjected hospitals during August to September of 1998. Among them, 165 responses from nurses and 229 responses from others resulted in worthy finds. The measurement instrument for a nursing services quality evaluation was modified from the SERVQUAL model originated from Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry (1988). The reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated and showed high degree of internal consistency (Cronbachs' Alpha = .9353). For data analysis, SPSS/PC was used for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1) In the perception about nursing services quality, there were gap between consumers and providers. Especially the critical attributes in point of perception nursing services quality, naming satisfy, hygiene and performance factors, are very different contents. 2) In the comparison analysis of the usefulness tools it was turned out that SEVPERF model is more appropriate than SERVQUAL model. And in the analysis to identify the construct validity of the tool, it is turned out that the relationship between the constructing factors of the tool and the general satisfaction is significant.
Fruit ; Hygiene ; Marketing ; Mass Screening ; Nursing Service, Hospital ; Nursing Services* ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

The purpose of this study was to develop an explanatory model to predict factors related to continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among Korean women. A hypothetical model was constructed on the basis of Health Belief Model and extensive review of literature on the Pap smear screening. Exogeneous variables included in this model were knowledge, perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, negative and positive emotional responses and professional support from physicians and nurses. Endogeneous variables were threat to cervical cancer, perceived benefit of the Pap smear screening, perceived barrier, and the final outcome variable was continuous participation in the Pap smear screening. The hypothetical model was tested with an empirical study. The data was collected from 623 married women whose age range was 24 - 83 using a self-reported survey questionnaire which was developed by the researcher. It's Cronbach's alpha score ranged from .6478 to .9118. Data was collected at different locations in Seoul; a university hospital, a local health center, and apartment complexes. Data analysis was done using SPSS 7.5 WIN Program for descriptive statistics and LISREL 8.12a WIN Program for covariance structural analysis. In conclusion, threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, positive emotion and professional support had a significant direct effect on continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among Korean women. The results of this study also showed that perceived barrier had the most significant direct effect on continuous participation in the Pap smear screening while negative emotional response had the most significant direct effect on perceived barrier. It can be suggested that decreasing perceived barrier by reducing negative emotional responses may be the most effective strategies for increasing continuous participation in the Pap smear screening among married Korean women.
Female ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Models, Structural* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Recently, the hospitals in Korea has positively changed one way or another. Therefore hospital managers must focus on the nurses' role in terms of consumers' perception of overall image of hospitals and the degree of satisfaction of the consumers To achieve the purposes, the questionnaire was developed and distributed to 280 people who had a direct experience with nursing services subjected hospitals in Seoul at the time of screening. among them, 229 responses were turned out to be useful and used for final analysis. The measurement instrument for hospital nursing service quality evaluation was modified from the SERVQUAL model originated from Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry(1988). For data analysis, SPSS/ PC and PC-MDS program were used. The results were as follows : 1) The perception map showed that the seven subjected hospitals were divided into three groups. It could be interpreted that the hospitals in the same group had a strong competitive relationships. Because the nursing services' scores of hospitals C and E were higher than those of other hospitals, they could be served as a benchmark for the other hospitals. 2) The marketing place of hospital nursing services was divided by four. Since service generally had a strong point in nearby service market segment, Aiming an nearby hospital nursing services market segment by the hospital nursing services department was regarded as a good repositioning strategy. 3) When consumers evaluated the quality of hospital nursing services, they were greatly affected by the hospitals' overall image or other characteristics. Therefore, for improving hospital's nursing services, hospital nursing services department requires a great deal of labor to improve hospitals' overall image or other characteristics.
Korea ; Marketing ; Mass Screening ; Nursing Service, Hospital ; Nursing Services* ; Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUND: Actigraphy is a reliable and valid method for assessing sleep in normal, healthy populations, but it may be less reliable and valid for detecting disturbed sleep in patients. In this study, we attempted to assess the utility of actigraphy in the estimation of sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), a major sleep disorder. METHOD: We analyzed the data of patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) and actigraphy simultaneously for one night at the Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University Hospital from November 2004 to March 2006. Eighty-nine subjects with OSAS alone and 21 subjects with OSAS and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) were included for final data analyses between groups. Polysomnographic and actigraphic data were also compared. RESULTS: In subjects with mild OSAS (RDI<15), modretae (15< or = RDI<30), and OSAS with PLMD, PSG and actigraphy did not show significant difference in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. However in severe (30< or =RDI) OSAS subjects, PSG and actigraphy showed significant difference in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. In all patients, no correlations were found between sleep parameters from PSG and from those using actigraphy. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that in severe OSAS patients, PSG is the diagnostic tool. In mild and moderate cases, actigraphy might be used as a screening tool.
Actigraphy* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome ; Polysomnography ; Seoul ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Statistics as Topic

BACKGROUND: Actigraphy is a reliable and valid method for assessing sleep in normal, healthy populations, but it may be less reliable and valid for detecting disturbed sleep in patients. In this study, we attempted to assess the utility of actigraphy in the estimation of sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), a major sleep disorder. METHOD: We analyzed the data of patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) and actigraphy simultaneously for one night at the Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University Hospital from November 2004 to March 2006. Eighty-nine subjects with OSAS alone and 21 subjects with OSAS and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) were included for final data analyses between groups. Polysomnographic and actigraphic data were also compared. RESULTS: In subjects with mild OSAS (RDI<15), modretae (15< or = RDI<30), and OSAS with PLMD, PSG and actigraphy did not show significant difference in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. However in severe (30< or =RDI) OSAS subjects, PSG and actigraphy showed significant difference in total sleep time and sleep efficiency. In all patients, no correlations were found between sleep parameters from PSG and from those using actigraphy. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that in severe OSAS patients, PSG is the diagnostic tool. In mild and moderate cases, actigraphy might be used as a screening tool.
Actigraphy* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome ; Polysomnography ; Seoul ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive* ; Statistics as Topic