Recently, there have been signs of a rise in the number of farm workers with lumbago. The authors have surveyed and researched farm workers' complaints about lumbago and the relations among lumbago, farm work and daily life. The findings revealed that:
1) Complaints about lumbago are evidenthly greater among farm workers than other people.
2) People with complaints about lumbago increase with age. Men and women in their 40s reach a peak.
3) In terms of farm work, the rate of complaints about lumbago is great for forward-bending and half-sitting postures and for the carrying of heavy objects and the bending and stretching of the waist. In terms of the work environment, cold weather produces a great impact on the incidence and degeneration of lumbago.
4) In checkups of people with lumbago, there are many cases with muscular and myofasiogenic lumbago.
5) Complaints have something to do with an elapse of time. Daily calithenics is believed to the alleviation of complaints about lumbago.

Introduction: As the average life expectancy is increasing, the number of patients aged >100 years who have fragility fractures will increase in the future. In female patients, the incidence of open fractures increases with age.Case Presentation: We present the case of a 102-year-old woman with open tibial and fibular diaphyseal fractures (Gustilo-Anderson classification type IIIb) treated with temporary external fixation, advancement flap, and negative pressure wound therapy in the first-stage surgery and treatment, and open reduction and internal fixation with skin grafting in the second-stage surgery. Open wound and bone healing were attained.Conclusion: Surgery should not be denied on the basis of age alone. Medical evaluation should focus on identifying risk factors, assessing risk in detail, optimizing status, predicting complications, and making the appropriate surgical plan for the patient status. Moreover, in the present case, meticulous postoperative management was the main reason for the successful surgical treatment.

In 1952, the Japanese Society for Hygiene had once passed a resolution at its 22nd symposium on population control, recommending the suppression of population growth based on the idea of cultivating a healthier population in the area of eugenics. Over half a century has now passed since this recommendation; Japan is witnessing an aging of the population (it is estimated that over 65-year-olds made up 27.7% of the population in 2017) and a decline in the birth rate (total fertility rate 1.43 births per woman in 2017) at a rate that is unparalleled in the world; Japan is faced with a "super-aging" society with low birth rate. In 2017, the Society passed a resolution to encourage all scientists to engage in academic researches to address the issue of the declining birth rate that Japan is currently facing. In this commentary, the Society hereby declares that the entire text of the 1952 proposal is revoked and the ideas relating to eugenics is rejected. Since the Society has set up a working group on the issue in 2016, there have been three symposiums, and working group committee members began publishing a series of articles in the Society's Japanese language journal. This commentary primarily provides an overview of the findings from the published articles, which will form the scientific basis for the Society's declaration. The areas we covered here included the following: (1) improving the social and work environment to balance between the personal and professional life; (2) proactive education on reproductive health; (3) children's health begins with nutritional management in women of reproductive age; (4) workplace environment and occupational health; (5) workplace measures to counter the declining birth rate; (6) research into the effect of environmental chemicals on sexual maturity, reproductive function, and the children of next generation; and (7) comprehensive research into the relationship among contemporary society, parental stress, and healthy child-rearing. Based on the seven topics, we will set out a declaration to address Japan's aging society with low birth rate.
Aging ; Birth Rate ; trends ; Child ; Child Health ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; prevention & control ; Female ; Health Planning Guidelines ; Humans ; Japan ; epidemiology ; Male ; Occupational Health ; Reproductive Health ; education ; Research Design ; standards ; Societies, Scientific ; organization & administration ; Stress, Psychological ; prevention & control ; Women's Health