Aim:To examine any relations of workload and outcomes of pharmacists’ home visiting service for medication management and guidance. Survey Target:Managing pharmacists and home-visiting pharmacists from community pharmacies of the Osaka Pharmaceutical Association’s Yao and Toyonaka branches as of March, 2012. Methods:Survey forms regarding drug management and guidance at patients’ homes were mailed, requesting mail or online response. Workload indexes were visit frequency and work time on site. The relation of workload and its outcomes was examined using univariate analysis regarding three items:change in unused medication amount;detection of side effects during visits;change in prescription. SPSS ver. 20 for Windows was used for statistical analysis. Results:90 of 201 pharmacies responded (collection rate 44.8%), and 110 home patients’ data were analyzed. 5-to-15-minute actual work time scored highest (57.4%), followed by less than 5 minutes and 15 to 30 minutes, both at 21.3%. Visit frequency of twice a month scored highest (70.4%), followed by once a week (19.4%), once a month (7.4%), and once in more than one month (2.8%). 5-minute or longer patient visits had a tendency of higher percentage of patients whose unused medication decreased after visits started than less-than-5-minute visits (P=0.072). “Once a week” visits had a tendency of higher percentage of pharmacists detecting side effects than less frequent visits (P=0.061) and changing in prescription (P=0.085). Conclusion:The results above implied the relationship between workload and outcomes incurred by pharmacists’ home visits for medication safety management and guidance.

This study systematically reviewed the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of molecular prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer, focusing on the correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with hormone receptor status and prognostic biomarkers. Our meta-analysis includes data from 52 studies examining ADC values in relation to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 status. The results indicated significant differences in ADC values among different receptor statuses, with ER-positive, PgR-positive, HER2-negative, and Ki-67-positive tumors having lower ADC values compared to their negative counterparts. This study also highlights the potential of advanced DWI techniques such as intravoxel incoherent motion and non-Gaussian DWI to provide additional insights beyond ADC. Despite these promising findings, the high heterogeneity among the studies underscores the need for standardized DWI protocols to improve their clinical utility in breast cancer management.

Purpose: Distress screening is mandated by Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan, however there is few data available on its effect in actual practice. We examined the impact of distress screening on palliative care referral at Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center in Japan. Materials and Methods: We implemented distress screening on cancer patients who were given chemotherapy from February 2018. Patients were referred to the palliative care team when the physicians judged the need on the basis of the screening results or when the patients themselves wanted to receive the palliative care service. We examined the number of the patients referred to the palliative care team, then we researched the changes of the number after implementation of the screening, using the regression discontinuity analysis. Results: The distress screening didn’t increase the number of the patients who were referred to the palliative care team: the estimated difference of the number was 3.32 (95% confidence interval: −3.19〜9.82). Conclusion: We implemented distress screening at our hospital but it didn’t increase palliative care referral. Only a few studies have examined how routine screening impacts clinical outcomes. We expect our study helps to research the effectiveness of screening in each healthcare facility.