The purpose of this article is to review the current status and future perspectives of antibody therapy against cancer. Eight antibody drugs against cancer are now commercially and clinically available for treatment of cancer in the United States and two of them are also available in Japan. Current data suggest that antibodies or their genes against cancer can be used in order to increase the tumor specificity of various new immunotherapeutic or gene therapeutic approaches against cancer, thereby enhancing the tumoricidal effect of each treatment while reducing the side effects.

Objective To investigate the expression and distribution of tight junction proteins in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Real time reverse transcription PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to check the expression of claudins(CL-1 to-4),occludin(OC),zona occludens proteins(ZO-1 and ZO-2)in 35 colorectal carcinomas and matched adjacent normal tissues.Results The expression of claudin-1 and claudin-2 in cancer tissues was 0.97 and 0.34 respectively.Either of them was higher than that in normal tissues.Compared with adjacent normal tissues,it increased by 26.3-and 30.4-fold respectively at the mRNA level.Immunohistochemistry analysis showed different distribution patterns for occludin,ZO2,claudin 1,claudin 2 and claudin 4 between the cancer and normal tissues.Normal colonic epithelium exhibited n cytoplasmic staining for claudin-1,whereas the strong plasma membrane staining was presented in carcinoma cells. The claudin-2 proteins were detected mainly under the epithehal cells and presented spot granular staining in normal epithelium,whereas much more spot granular staining existed in the whole epithelial cells of carcinomas.Conclusions There was close association between abnormal expression and distilbution of tight junction proteins and colorectal cancer.And these proteins may be good candidates for the diagnoses and therapy for colorectal cancer.

At present, lifestyle-related diseases are one of the most critical health issues worldwide. It has been reported that lipopolysaccharide derived from a Gram-negative bacteria (IP-PA1) symbiotic with wheat exhibited several advantageous biological effects, such as the reduction of plasma glucose levels in NOD mice and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in WHHL rabbits. In this study, the beneficial effects on plasma glucose and lipids of a tea (SI tea) consisting of IP-PA1 and Salacia (which contains an inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase) were investigated in the KK-Ay/TaJcl type 2 diabetic model mice and in human subjects with premetabolic syndrome in a double-blind, randomized study. SI tea significantly decreased plasma glucose levels in KK-Ay/TaJcl mice. A clinical trial of SI tea was performed with 41 subjects between the ages of 40 and 69, who belonged either to a high plasma glucose group (HG: FPG 100-125 mg/dl) or to a hyperlipidemia group (HL: TG > or = 150 mg/dl, or LDL > or = 120 mg/dl, or HDL < 40 mg/dl). These subjects ingested either Salacia without IP-PA1 (the control) or SI tea. Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, and 60 days after initiating SI tea treatment, and were measured for FPG, HbA1c, TG, LDL, and HDL. These results showed that SI tea reduced FPG and HbA1c more rapidly than the control in the HL group, and also significantly improved LDL and HDL levels in the HG group. Thus, SI tea may be helpful in preventing lifestyle-related diseases.
Animals ; Cholesterol ; Fasting ; Glucose ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Lipoproteins ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred NOD ; Plasma ; Rabbits ; Salacia ; Tea ; Triticum