Objective: The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology conducted a retrospective multi-institutional survey of patients who underwent cervical conization in Japan. This study aimed to determine the predictive factors for positive surgical margins in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN 3) patients after therapeutic cervical conization and those for positive margins in patients who did not experience recurrence and did not undergo additional treatment. Methods: In 2009 and 2013, 14,832 patients underwent cervical conization at 205 institutions in Japan. Of these, 8856 patients who underwent therapeutic conization fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Their histologic findings and clinical outcomes were evaluated based on standard statistical procedures and clinical and demographic characteristics. Results: Negative and positive margins were observed in 7,585 and 1,271 (14.4%) patients, respectively. The predictors of positive margins were menopausal status (p<0.001), loop electrosurgical excision procedure (p<0.001), and Shimodaira-Taniguchi (S-T) conization (p<0.001). Of 1,271 patients with positive margins, 1,060 underwent no additional treatment; among those 1,060 patients, 129 (12.2%) experienced recurrence. The predictors of positive margins in patients who did not undergo additional treatment and did not experience recurrence were age, parity, gravidity, S-T conization, and laser scalpel conization. Conclusion Menopausal status and treatment procedures were associated with positive margins after therapeutic conization of CIN 3. It is important to understand the characteristics of treatment procedures and select an appropriate procedure for each case. For elderly or menopausal patients with positive margins, immediate additional treatment is recommended.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficiency of identifying patients with suspicious severe lesions by conization among prediagnosed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 and 2 patients in Japan. METHODS: The data in a Japanese nation-wide registry for cervical cancer (2009 and 2011) was collected to analyze the clinical efficacy of pre- and postdiagnosis for 13,215 Japanese women who underwent treatment by conization. Their preoperative and postoperative histologic findings and clinical outcomes were evaluated using standard statistical procedures including clinical and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Almost half of 1,536 women who were treated by conization after the prediagnosis of CIN1 and 2 because the lesions showed no evidence of natural regression actually contained CIN1–2 (45.0%), CIN3 (47%), or invasive cancer (2.7%) in their cervical tissue. They underwent conization either for therapeutic (treatment) (78.5%) or diagnostic (21.5%) reasons. Invasive disease was diagnosed postoperatively more often in diagnostic cases (6.1%) than in therapeutic cases (2.8%). All the patients survived their diagnostic and therapeutic conization after approximately 30 months of follow up. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that the continuous observation of the prediagnosed CIN1 and 2 cases by the combination of cytology, colposcopy and histology in Japan has worked successfully to identify severe lesions by using conization as well in the process.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Colposcopy ; Conization* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Japan* ; Treatment Outcome ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: The Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology (JSGO) published the first practice guideline for endometrial cancer in 2006. The JSGO guideline evaluation committee assessed the effect of this guideline introduction on clinical practice and patient outcome using data provided by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) cancer registration system. METHODS: Data of patients with endometrial cancer registered between 2000 and 2012 were analyzed, and epidemiological and clinical trends were assessed. The influence of guideline introduction on survival was determined by analyzing data of patients registered between 2004 and 2009 using competing risk model. RESULTS: In total, 65,241 cases of endometrial cancer were registered. Total number of patients registered each year increased about 3 times in the analyzed period, and the proportion of older patients with type II endometrial cancer rapidly increased. The frequency of lymphadenectomy had decreased not only among the low-recurrence risk group but also among the intermediate- or high-recurrence risk group. Adjuvant therapy was integrated into chemotherapy (p<0.001). Overall survival did not significantly differ before and after the guideline introduction (hazard ratio [HR]=0.891; p=0.160). Additional analyses revealed patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy showed better prognosis than those receiving adjuvant radiation therapy when limited to stage I or II (HR= 0.598; p=0.003). CONCLUSION: It was suggested that guideline introduction influenced the management of endometrial cancer at several aspects. Better organized information and continuous evaluation are necessary to understand the causal relationship between the guideline and patient outcome.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Therapy ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Japan* ; Lymph Node Excision ; Obstetrics ; Prognosis

Objective: The Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology published the first guidelines for the treatment of cervical cancer in 2007. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of the introduction of the first guideline on clinical trends and outcomes of patients with earlystage cervical cancer who underwent surgery. Methods: This analysis included 9,756 patients who were diagnosed based on the pathological Tumor-Node-Metastasis (pTNM) classification (i.e., pT1b1, pT1b2, pT2b and pN0, pN1, pNX) and received surgery as a primary treatment between 2004 and 2009. Data of these patients were retrospectively reviewed, and clinicopathological trends were assessed.The influence of the introduction of the guideline on survival was determined by using a competing risk model. Results: For surgery cases, the estimated subdistribution hazard ratio (HR) by the competing risk model for the influence of the guideline adjusted for age, year of registration, pT classification, pN classification, histological type, and treatment methods was 1.024 (p=0.864). Following the introduction of the first guideline in 2007, for patients with lymph node metastasis, the use of chemotherapy (CT) as a postsurgical therapy increased, whereas that of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT)/radiotherapy (RT) decreased (p<0.010). For pN1 cases, the estimated subdistribution HR by the competing risk model for the influence of the guideline was 1.094 (p=0.634). There was no significance in the postsurgical therapy between CT and CCRT/RT (p=0.078). Conclusions Survival of surgical cases was not improved by the introduction of the guidelines. It is necessary to consider more effective postsurgical therapy for high-risk earlystage cervical cancer.