The following conclusions were drawn from this study. 1. The L* value in all experimental group was lesser than in control group. 2. The a* value was increased in most experimental group, but those of MDX4-4210 materials pigmented with Raw sinna and with Mars violet in group 3,4,5 were decreased. 3. The b* value in group 1,2,3 was decreased, but that in group 4,5 was increased. There was no statistical difference between control and most of group 3.4.5. 4. The deltaE* value was decreased in all experimental group except A-2186 material in group 4, and the changes of deltaE* value of MDX4-4210 materials pigmented with Red yellow and with Mars violet were great(over than 2.0). 5. The total amount of change of L* and a* value were greater in A-2186 silicone, but that of deltaE* was greater in MDX4-4210 silicone. 6. The total amount of change of L* value was greater in experimental group 4, that of a* was greater in group 1, and those of b* and deltaE* values were greater in group 2.
Dental Implants* ; Elastomers* ; Mars ; Prosthodontics* ; Silicones ; Viola

No abstract available.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Catheter Ablation ; Catheters ; Mars ; Venus

We report on a patient who developed acute hepatic failure despite intravenous N-acetyl cysteine therapy who was treated with the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System (MARS). She presented 20 hours after the ingestion of 13 g of acetaminophen. The MARS is based on albumin dialysis principle which can be applied for patients with acute poisoning from drugs that have high protein-binding capacity because of its ability to selectively remove from circulation protein-bound toxins. The clinical toxicologist should be consider this technology when treating patients with hepatic failure following acetaminophen poisoning.
Acetaminophen* ; Cysteine ; Dialysis ; Eating ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; Liver Failure, Acute* ; Mars ; Poisoning

We report on a patient who developed acute hepatic failure despite intravenous N-acetyl cysteine therapy who was treated with the Molecular Adsorbents Recirculating System (MARS). She presented 20 hours after the ingestion of 13 g of acetaminophen. The MARS is based on albumin dialysis principle which can be applied for patients with acute poisoning from drugs that have high protein-binding capacity because of its ability to selectively remove from circulation protein-bound toxins. The clinical toxicologist should be consider this technology when treating patients with hepatic failure following acetaminophen poisoning.
Acetaminophen* ; Cysteine ; Dialysis ; Eating ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; Liver Failure, Acute* ; Mars ; Poisoning

No abstract available.
Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Frameshift Mutation ; Mars ; Microsatellite Instability ; Microsatellite Repeats

OBJECTIVES: We explored whether wideband tympanometry (WBT) could be used as a screening test for superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD), and obtained new WBT data (given that the test is not yet in common clinical use) on patients with SSCD. METHODS: We compared the WBT data of patients clinically and radiologically diagnosed with SSCD in our hospital between 2013 and 2018 to those of healthy volunteers. We compared the resonance frequency (RF), maximum absorbance frequency (MAF), and maximum absorbance ratio (MAR). The t-test was used for statistical analysis with the significance level set to P<0.05. In addition, we used receiver operating characteristic analysis to derive cutoff values for SSCD diagnosis in terms of sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: Seventeen patients (four with bilateral and 13 with unilateral disease; 17 ears) diagnosed with SSCD and 27 healthy volunteers (47 ears) were included. The mean RFs of the SSCD patients and healthy subjects were 548.7 Hz (range, 243 to 853 Hz) and 935.1 Hz (range, 239 to 1,875 Hz), respectively (P<0.001). The mean MARs of the SSCD patients and healthy subjects were 89.4% (range, 62% to 100%) and 82.4% (range, 63% to 99%), respectively (P=0.005). The mean MAFs of the SSCD patients and healthy subjects were 1,706.3 Hz (range, 613 to 3,816 Hz) and 2,668 Hz (range, 876 to 4,387 Hz), respectively (P<0.001). In terms of SSCD diagnosis, a MAR above 86% afforded 81% sensitivity and 77% specificity; an RF below 728 Hz, 86% sensitivity and 81% specificity; and an MAF below 1,835 Hz, 79% sensitivity and 67% specificity. CONCLUSION: WBT may be a useful clinical screening test for SSCD. The RF and MAF were lower, and the MAR higher, in SSCD patients than in normal controls.
Acoustic Impedance Tests ; Diagnosis ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Mars ; Mass Screening ; ROC Curve ; Semicircular Canals ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The purpose of this study was to determine composition of food groups appropriate for the evaluation of the quality of total diet or food guide, using the data from the 1998 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Twenty-fourhour-dietary recalls of total 1,110 Korean adolescents aged 13 - 19 years (male 543, female 567) were analyzed for food group consumed (Dietary Diversity Score, DDS), intake patterns of food group, mean index of nutritional quality (mINQ) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR). Considering Korean food pattern different from the Americans, this study is to check if Korean 5 food groups with both of oil & sugar group and vegetable &fruit group, and a minimum amount of 30 g in grain group and 15 g in meat group modified from Kant's minimum amount, 15 g in grain and 30 g in meat, could also be appropriate for the diet evaluation of Korean adolescents. Combination of food group and minimum food intake per each food group used in the first trial were categorized into 6 kinds of types: 1) American 5 food groups with Kant's minimum amount as control or 2) American 5 food groups with modified Kant's minimum amount 3) Korean 5 food groups excluded by sugar with the modified amount 4) Korean 5 food groups with modified amount 5) American food groups added oil group with the modified amount 6) American food groups added oil & sugar group with the modified amount. In case of oil group or oil and sugar group, 5 g was quoted for the minimum amount. Correlation between DDS and indices of other diet quality in each type of food group composition were analyzed and the best food group composition was traced by comparing the correlation coefficients of DDS and mINQ or MARs at alpha < 0.01. There was no meaningful difference in weight length index of the subjects of eating or not-eating oil or oil & sugar, while the values of mINQ showed higher in the subjects eating oil but no difference in the subjects eating oil & sugar, compared to the group not-eating, respectively. In comparison of type 1 and type 2, correlation between DDS and indices of other diet quality showed higher in type 1 using Kant's amount. And comparing the type of a combined group of fruit & vegetable (type 3 and 4) and the type of separated group of fruit and vegetable (type 5 and 6). six groups of separated vegetable and fruit showed the higher correlation of DDSs and indices of diet quality. In case of being classified into six groups with oil, DDS showed correlation of r = 0.293 with INQ. While, being classified into six groups with oil & sugar instead of oil only, DDS showed correlation of r = 0.249 with INQ. Accordingly the type 5 with oil is regarded as the better food group type than the type 6 with oil & sugar. Since better result was shown in the composition of six groups with Kant's minimum amount, the comparative analysis on both of type 1 with oil and oil & sugar was finally performed. Then oil added type 1 showed higher correlation of DDS and indices of diet quality. These result indicated that it would be more appropriate to use six food groups with separate vegetable and fruit including oil group (oil-added type 1) rather than oil &sugar group for evaluat ion of dietary quality of Korean adolescents using DDS.
Adolescent* ; Diet* ; Eating ; Edible Grain ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Mars ; Meat ; Nutrition Surveys ; Nutritive Value ; Vegetables

BACKGROUND: The previous performance tests of URiSCAN GEN 10SGL dipstick reagent strip (Yeongdong pharmaceutical Co., Seoul, Korea) were mainly done by comparison with the approved urine strips. However, adequate comparison was inavailable because the grading systems were different among the manufacturers. We evaluated the correlation of new generation URiSCAN GEN 10SGL urine strip with known quantitative, microscopic, and culture methods. METHODS: We used urine specimens which were collected for the urinalysis and culture from November 2000 to Mars 2001. We evaluated the correlation between the results of URiSCAN GEN 10SGL and the quantitative methods by comparing the mean of change of reflectance rate (change %R) with the result of the corresponding quantitative method for protein, glucose, bilirubin, urobilinogen, pH, and specific gravity. To calculate the sensitivity and specificity, we used microscopic examination for leukocytes and erythrocytes, and used urine culture for nitrite test. RESULTS: The correlation coefficients between the change %R of URiSCAN GEN 10SGL and the corresponding quantitative method exceeded 0.81, except bilirubin and specific gravity (P<0.01; respectively). The agreements of identical or neighboring concentration block were more than 90%, except urobilinogen and specific gravy. The sensitivity and specificity of URiSCAN GEN 10SGL were 63.6% and 94.2% for leukocytes; 92.8% and 74.1% for erythrocytes; 74.4% and 85.0% for nitrite producing organisms. CONCLUSTIONS: URiSCAN GEN 10SGL had acceptable accuracy and agreement compared with the corresponding quantitative methods and culture result. Also, it had improved sensitivity and specificity of leukocytes and erythrocytes detection compared with previous URiSCAN urine dipstick strip.
Bilirubin ; Erythrocytes ; Glucose ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Leukocytes ; Mars ; Reagent Strips ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Seoul ; Specific Gravity ; Urinalysis ; Urobilinogen

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Medication non-adherence is common in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The short-term consequences of non-adherence include increased disease relapse but the long-term impact upon patients in terms of daily functional impairment are less well characterized. Identifying negative outcomes, such as disability, may encourage adherence. METHODS: Consecutive ambulatory IBD subjects completed the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS; non-adherence defined as ≤16), Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Disability Index (IBD-DI; disability: < 3.5) and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (high necessity/concerns: ≥16). The primary outcome was the association between medication non-adherence and disability. Secondary outcomes were the predictors of these outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 173 subjects on IBD maintenance medications were recruited (98 Crohn’s disease, 75 ulcerative colitis: median IBD-DI, –5.0; interquartile range [IQR], –14.0 to 4.0 and median MARS, 19.0; IQR, 18 to 20) of whom 24% were non-adherent. Disability correlated significantly with medication non-adherence (r=0.38, P < 0.0001). Median IBD-DI for non-adherers was significantly lower than adherers (–16.0 vs. –2.0, P < 0.0001). Predictors of disability included female sex (P=0.002), previous hospitalization (P=0.023), management in a referral hospital clinic (P=0.008) and medication concerns (P < 0.0001). Non-adherence was independently associated with difficulty managing bowel movements (odds ratio [OR], 3.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–9.16, P=0.005), rectal bleeding (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.14–6.36; P=0.024) and arthralgia/arthritis (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.11–5.92; P=0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Medication non-adherence was associated with significantly increased disability in IBD. Female gender, higher disease severity and medication concerns were additional predictors of disability.
Colitis, Ulcerative ; Compliance ; Crohn Disease ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* ; Mars ; Medication Adherence* ; Recurrence ; Referral and Consultation