The adapter protein Lamellipodin (Lpd) plays an important role in cell migration. In particular, Lpd mediates lamellipodia formation by regulating actin dynamics via interacting with Ena/VASP proteins. Its RA-PH tandem domain configuration suggests that like its paralog RIAM, Lpd may also mediate particular Ras GTPase signaling. We determined the crystal structures of the Lpd RA-PH domains alone and with an N-terminal coiled-coil region (cc-RA-PH). These structures reveal that apart from the anticipated coiled-coil interaction, Lpd may also oligomerize through a second intermolecular contact site. We then validated both oligomerization interfaces in solution by mutagenesis. A fluorescence-polarization study demonstrated that Lpd binds phosphoinositol with low affinity. Based on our crystallographic and biochemical data, we propose that Lpd and RIAM serve diverse functions: Lpd plays a predominant role in regulating actin polymerization, and its function in mediating Ras GTPase signaling is largely suppressed compared to RIAM.
Actins ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Carrier Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis ; Phosphatidylinositols ; metabolism ; Polymerization ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; ras Proteins ; metabolism