PURPOSE: This study investigates nurses' organizational commitment, internal marketing, and occupational satisfaction depending on their age, martial status, clinical experience and income. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 350 nurses from six hospitals in Jeolla-do. The t-tests were used to analyze the differences in internal marketing, occupational satisfaction, and organizational commitment depending on their age, marital status, career, and income. The relationships among internal marketing, occupational satisfaction, and organizational commitment were analyzed by the path analysis. RESULTS: The results of this study showed that organizational commitment was correlated with age, clinical experiences, and income, but not significantly associated with martial status. Education and training policy, benefit system, and fairness of the internal marketing were influencing factors on occupational satisfaction. These factors were correlated with organizational commitment through occupational satisfaction. CONCLUSION: This study addressed the relationships among nurses' internal marketing, occupational satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Based on the results, it is suggested that hospital organizations introduce more diverse incentive policies to enhance nurses' occupational satisfaction and organizational commitment.
Marital Status ; Marketing ; Motivation

PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of transformational leadership and individual characteristics on nurses' job involvement. METHOD: The sample for this study consisted of 594 nurses from 8 large Korean hospitals. The factor analysis was drawn from the Cronbach's alpha analysis, the Pearson correlation analysis, the multiple regression analysis, and the hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Result: This study found that; (1) charisma dimension of transformational leadership has positive influence on job involvement; but intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration did not showed significant effects on job involvement (2) nurse individual characteristics (age, marital status, educational level, tenure, position) moderated the effect of transformational leadership on job involvement. Conclusion : Therefore, to improve job involvement nurses are required to apply the charisma dimension of transformational leadership in hospital organization.
Humans ; Leadership* ; Marital Status

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical nurses' resilience, occupational stress, and occupational satisfaction and to identify the correlations among them. METHODS: Structured questionnaires were administered with total 75 questions for 433 nurses working at a university hospital in Jin-ju from July 19 to 30, 2010. Data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed with the SPSS/WIN program. RESULTS: The resilience had a significant difference according to the age, marital status, religion, education level, annual income, motive of choosing the nursing science, clinical career, position, and workplace. Resilience had a negative correlation with occupational stress (r=-.405), and had a positive correlation with occupational satisfaction (r=.380). Occupational stress had a negative correlation with occupational satisfaction (r=-.637). CONCLUSION: The higher their resilience was, the lower their occupational stress and the higher the occupational satisfaction. It is recommended that intervention program be developed that can enhance personal resilience in nurse.
Humans ; Marital Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The study is to investigate the effect of communication and self-leadership on nursing performance. METHODS: The subjects of study were composed of 358 nurses at a G city university hospital, tested with structured questionnaire from September 15 to 30, 2010. The collected data were analyzed with ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The level of communication, self-leadership, and nursing performance was 3.37, 3.38 and 3.70 respectively in average. The variables showing significant difference in communication were as follows: age, marital status, religious status, education, monthly income, work department and work experience. Also, the variables in nursing performance were as follows: age, marital status, religious status, education, education, monthly income, position, working department and work experience. Communication, self-leadership and nursing performance of nurse showed significant positive correlation. Nursing performance was positively correlated with monthly income, when it exceeded 2.01 million won, career experience and self-leadership (p<.001). These variables explained 53.7% of the regression model. CONCLUSION: Since monthly income, work experience, communication and self-leadership have positive effect on nursing performance, an effective strategy is required to improve self-leadership and nurse's communication.
Leadership ; Marital Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors which effect clinical nurses' exhaustion. METHODS: This research was conducted targeting 140 clinical nurses. Data were collected from 18 September to 30 September 2015. Data were analyzed using the program SPSS/WIN 18.0. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis were used. RESULTS: Burnout was significantly different by age (F=7.99, p=.001), marital status (t=8.69, p=.004), department area (F=7.65, p<.001), frequency of night work in a month (F=7.65, p=<.001), and clinical career (F=3.68, p=.028). There was positive correlations between menstrual attitudes of participants and premenstrual syndrome (r=34, p<.001), menstrual attitudes and stress (r=.40, p<.001), and menstrual attitudes and burnout (r=.16, p=.031). There were positive correlations between premenstrual syndrome and stress (r=.46, p<.001), between premenstrual syndrome and burnout (r=.35, p<.001), and between stress and burnout (r=.36, p<.001). Factors influencing burnout were premenstrual syndrome (β=.335) and age (β=.216), with an explanatory power of 18.0%. CONCLUSION: There is a need to develop and apply program for reducing clinical nurses' pre-menstrual syndrome. In addition, policies are needed to allow for menstruation leave, thereby making it legal.
Female ; Marital Status ; Menstruation ; Premenstrual Syndrome*

The purse of this to identify whether ethical values of Korean nurses are deontological or utilitarian. Nurse's ethical value questionnaire was developed from review of the literature and inter view of nurses in the clinical settings. Ethical problems are categorized into four areas 1) human life 2) nurse-patient relationship 3) nurse-nursing task relationship 4) nurse-collegue relationship. The data were obtained from 250 nurses in the clinical settings from Jun. to July in 1998 using the ethical value questionnaire developed by Lee(1990). The analysis of data was done by Pearson's correlation coefficient, t-test and anova. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The ethical values of human life slightly took up the position of utilitarian. 2. The ethical value of nurse-patient relationship slightly took up deontological position. 3. The ethical value of nurse-nursing task relationship slightly took up the deontological position. 4. The ethical value of nurse-collegue relationship greatly took up the deontological position. 5. The ethical values of nurses related to demographic characteristics of age, marital status, position. Therefore it is suggested that new strategies and continuing education programs be established to help clinical nurses formulate higher ethical values.
Education, Continuing ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate perceived family support and quality of life in patients with cancer. METHOD: Data were collected from 83 cancer patients in the 3 cities of Korea. Family support was measured using the Tae's Family Support Scale and quality of life was measured using Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G). RESULTS: The mean scores of family support and quality of life were 30.48 and 53.04 respectively. Family support was significantly different according to marital status, education level, income, living together, helper, type of treatment, and weight change. Quality of life was significantly different according to the purpose of treatment, weight change, performance status, exercise, and sleep. There was a positive correlation between family support and quality of life (r=0.499, p<0.000). CONCLUSION: The study results underscore the importance of family support in improving the quality of life of patients with cancer.
Humans ; Korea ; Marital Status ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of bullying, negative affectivity and burnout in the nurses. METHODS: The sample consisted of 389 nurses. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe, Pearson Correlation Analysis and Hierarchical Multiple Regression. RESULTS: The control variables of age, marital status, education level, current position, health status and work unit explained 30.2%(F=28.9, p<.001) of variance in burnout. The control variables, bullying and negative affectivity collectively explained 49.7% of variance in burnout. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the demographic factors influencing burnout are age, education level, health status, work unit, while bullying and negative affectivity in the work places are factors that influence burnout. These findings can be utilized to develop strategies to reduce bullying and negative affectivity.
Bullying* ; Demography ; Education ; Marital Status ; Workplace

OBJECTIVES: The present study aims to investigate the effects of physical illness on depression in North Korean Defectors. METHODS: One hundred forty-four North Korean Defectors(20 males, 124 females) and 376 South Koreans 133 males, 243 females) in Incheon Metropolitan areas participated the present study. Face-to-face interview was conducted for demographic information including presence of physical illnesses. To investigate depressive symptoms, all participants were required to complete the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). RESULTS: After controlling gender, age, marital status, educational year, employment status and physical illness, North Korean Defectors showed higher CES-D score than South Koreans(beta=0.449, p<0.001). Within North Korean Defectors, the presence of physical illnesses independently was related to higher CES-D score(beta=0.243, p<0.001). However, within South Koreans, the presence of physical illnesses did not significantly predict CES-D score. North Korean Defectors with physical illness have higher CES-D score than North Korean Defectors without physical illness(26.8+/-13.8 versus 19.7+/-12.7). However, there was no significant differences of CES-D score between South Koreans with physical illness and South Koreans without physical illness(10.3+/-9.8 versus 9.3+/-8.8). CONCLUSION: Compared to South Koreans, North Korean Defector showed higher depressive symptoms independently from gender, age, education, employment, marriage. In addition, only North Korean Defectors showed the relationship between depression and physical illness. Our study suggests that depression should be assessed when North Korean Defectors have physical illness.
Depression ; Employment ; Humans ; Male ; Marital Status ; Marriage

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure the fatigue of operating room nurses and examine factors contributing to their fatigue. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 115 nurses who worked in operating rooms of three hospitals. Data were collected from September 15, 2009 to September 30, 2009. Fatigue and job stress were measured by using the Symptom's Fatigue Scale and the job stress measurement tools in operating room nurses. RESULTS: The mean score of fatigue level was 3.10+/-0.61. We analyzed fatigue according to characteristics of subjects and found that there were significant differences in marital status, number of children and sleeping hours in general characteristics. Career, daily participation hours in the surgery relating to job related characteristics. Significant positive correlations were found between job stress and fatigue(r=.233, p=.012). Three significant variables influencing fatigue of operation rooms nurses were job stress, daily participation hours in the surgery, and sleeping hours (Adj. R2=0.284, F=4.773, p<.001). CONCLUSION: An integrative care program that takes job stress, daily participation hours in the surgery and sleeping hours into consideration is essential to reduce fatigue in operating room nurses.
Child ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Marital Status ; Operating Rooms