1.African eggplant (Solanum anguivi Lam.) fruit with bioactive polyphenolic compounds exerts in vitro antioxidant properties and inhibits Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling
Elekofehinti Olalekan Olusola ; Kamdem Paul Jean ; Bolingon Augusti Aline ; Athayde Linde Margareth ; Lopes Rodrigo Seeger ; Waczuk Pansera Emily ; Kade Joseph Ige ; Adanlawo Gbadura Isaac
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013;(10):757-766
Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit (SAG) and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) isolated from rat liver.
Methods: Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats. Also, the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined. Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD.
Results: SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity (IC50/DPPH=275.03±7.8 μg/mL). Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration. SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault. SAG protected against Ca2+ (110 μmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained theΔΨm. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid [(17.54±0.04) mg/g], chlorogenic acid (21.90±0.02 mg/g), caffeic acid (16.64±0.01 mg/g), rutin [(14.71±0.03) mg/g] and quercetin [(7.39±0.05) mg/g].
Conclusions:These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract. Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress.
2.In Vitro Trypanocidal Activity of Macela (Achyrocline satureioides) Extracts against Trypanosoma evansi.
Matheus D BALDISSERA ; Camila B OLIVEIRA ; Carine E P ZIMMERMANN ; Aline A BOLIGON ; Margareth Linde ATHAYDE ; Leandro P BOLZAN ; Rodrigo de A VAUCHER ; Janio M SANTURIO ; Michele R SAGRILLO ; Aleksandro Schafer DA SILVA ; Silvia G MONTEIRO
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2014;52(3):311-315
The aim of this study was to verify the trypanocidal effectiveness of aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic extracts of Achyrocline satureioides against Trypanosoma evansi in vitro. A. satureioides extracts, known as macela, were used on trypomastigotes at different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1,000 microg/ml) and exposure times (0, 1, 3, 6, and 9 hr). A dose-dependent effect was observed when the 3 extracts were tested. The concentrations of 1, 5, and 10 microg/ml were not able to kill trypomastigotes until 3 hr after exposure, and the highest concentrations (500 and 1,000 microg/ml) were able to kill all trypomastigotes after 1 hr. When the time of exposure was increased up to 9 hr, the concentrations at 50 and 100 microg/ml were 100% effective to 3 extracts. The chemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, a trypanocidal compound already described. Based on the results, we can conclude that the A. satureioides extracts exhibit trypanocidal effects.
Achyrocline/*chemistry
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Antimalarials/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
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Cell Survival/drug effects
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Flavonoids/isolation & purification/pharmacology
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Plant Extracts/isolation & purification/*pharmacology
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Time Factors
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Trypanosoma/*drug effects
3. Phenolic composition and inhibitory activity of Mangifera indica and Mucuna urens seeds extracts against key enzymes linked to the pathology and complications of type 2 diabetes
Emmanuel Anyachukwu IRONDI ; Ganiyu OBOH ; Afolabi Akintunde AKINDAHUNSI ; Emmanuel Anyachukwu IRONDI ; Aline Augusti BOLIGON ; Margareth Linde ATHAYDE
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014;4(11):903-910
Objective: To investigate the phenolic compounds composition and the inhibitory activity of Mangifera indica (M. indica) and Mucuna urens (M. urens) seeds extracts against some key enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase and aldose reductase) implicated in the pathology and complications of type 2 diabetes in vitro. Methods: Reverse phase chromatographic quantification of the major flavonoids and phenolic acids in the seeds extracts was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection. The inhibitory activities of the seeds extracts against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were estimated using soluble starch and ρ{variant}-nitrophenylglucopyranoside as their respective substrates. Inhibition of aldose reductase activity by the extracts was assayed using partially purified lens homogenate of normal male rat as source of enzyme; inhibition of Fe
4.Antiulcerogenic activity of Scutia buxifolia on gastric ulcers induced by ethanol in rats.
Aline Augusti BOLIGON ; Robson Borba de FREITAS ; Thiele Faccim de BRUM ; Emily Pansera WACZUK ; Cláudia Vargas KLIMACZEWSKI ; Daiana Silva de ÁVILA ; Margareth Linde ATHAYDE ;
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2014;4(5):358-367
Gastric ulcers affect many people around the world and their development is a result of the imbalance between aggressive and protective factors in the gastric mucosa. Scutia buxifolia, commonly known as coronilha, has attracted the interest of the scientific community due to its pharmacological properties and its potential therapeutic applications. In this study, the preventive effects of the crude extract of Scutia buxifolia (ceSb) against gastric ulcer induced by 70% ethanol were evaluated in male Wistar rats. In addition, the composition of ceSb was clarified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). S. buxifolia extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) attenuated oxidative and histopathological features induced by ethanol. Moreover, all evaluated doses of ceSb caused significant (P<0.001 and P<0.0001) and dose-dependent increase in sulfhydryl groups (NPSH) levels, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Furthermore, the administration of ceSb reversed the increase in lipid peroxidation produced by ethanol. The protective effect of the extract could be attributed to antioxidant compounds present in the ceSb, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, which were quantified by HPLC. Thus, an antioxidant effect of the extract leads to a protection on gastric tissue. These results indicate that S. buxifolia could have a beneficial role against ethanol toxicity by preventing oxidative stress and gastric tissue injury.