Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of midazolam intravenous therapy for children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE).Methods 133 admitted CSE children were randomly divided into treatment group (n =6 8) and control group (n =6 5).Based on symptomatic treatment,the control group was given diazepam plus phenobarbital intravenous injection,the treatment group was given midazolam injection plus intravenous infusion scheme.The clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions were observed and compared between the two groups.Results After treatment for 3h,the total effective rate of the treatment group was 91.2％,which was significantly higher than 76.9％ of control group(x2 =5.078,P =0.024).Among children with markedly effective and effective effect,the mean onset time (49.3 ± 10.4)min and seizure control time (112.1 + 24.7)min of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group (73.8 + 15.4) min,(157.2 ± 38.4) min,the differences were statistically significant(u =9.619,7.191,P =0.000).15 ineffective cases of control group were transferred into midazolam intravenous therapy,the total effective rate after 3h was 73.3％ (11/15).1 case died in both two groups.In control group,the proportion of complications such as muscle tension descending,heart rate and blood pressure variation,respiratory depression,et al.was 49.2％,which was significantly higher than 30.9％ of the treatment group (x2 =4.668,P =0.31).Conclusion Compared with diazepam plus phenobarbital scheme,midazolam intravenous administration in treatment of children with CSE takes effect faster,and with higher safety.With the increasing of midazolam dosage,alert should be taken to drug influence on respiration and heart rate.