The main cause of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia is small vessel disease, including lacunar state, strategic infarct dementia, and Binswanger' s syndrome. The clinical manifestations are subcortical syndrome and cognitive impairment. The positive diagnosis and treatment of subcortical ischemic vascular dementia may help to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Objective To study effects of allogeneic blood transfusion on the level of cytokines in esophageal cancer patients.Methods Serum IFN ?,TNF ? and IL 10 of 18 esophageal cancer patients undergoing transthoracic esophageal resection who were exposed to allogeneic transfusions(non leukoreduced)were measured to compare with those of 16 similar patients undergoing same operations who were exposed to leukodepleted blood in the perioperative period.Results Serum TNF ?, IFN ?, and IL 10 levels in patients exposed to nonleukoreduced allogeneic transfusions increased on the first day after transfusion,with the latter two cytokines showing significant elevation( P

It was studied that effects of Hg 2+ ,Cu 2+ ,Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ) and Pb 2+ on 96h average growth rate,conductivity of osmotic luquor and total protein and bacteriochlorophyll content of our Rhodopseudomonas palustris The results showed that the toxicity sequence of these heavy metal ions from high to low is Hg 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ)and Pb 2+ according to the results of effects of 5 heavy metal ions on 96h average growth rate of this strain;forcing of Hg 2+ , Cd 2+ ,Cr(Ⅵ) and Pb 2+ lead to increasing of conductivity of osmotic luquor ,and this effect has dose response,but that of Cu 2+ doesn't ;forcing of 5 heavy metal ions could result in reducing of bacteriochlorophyll content,and this effect also has dose response But forcing of 5 heavy metal ions hasn't marked effect on total protein content

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate and compare the effects and toxicity of the domestic product of nrhTNF combined with chemotherapy in the trial group and chemotherapy alone in the control group in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSNinety patients with NSCLC in multicenter were randomly devided into trial group and control group. Each group had 45 patients. Chemotherapy with CAP regimen was given for the patients in the trial group. Meanwhile, nrhTNF injection of 4×10⁶U/m ² was also given from the 1st to 7th days, the 11th to 17th days on the chemotherapy course. Twenty-one days were as a cycle, 2 cycles were given each patients. Chemotherapy alone with CAP regimen was given in the control group. The chemothepeutic effects and toxicity were observed and compared between the two groups after the therapy.

RESULTSOf the 90 patients, 3 cases in each group were out of the trial because of economy. The other 84 cases (each group had 42 patients) could be used to analyze and evaluate the clinical effects and toxicity. The response rate of chemotherapy was 47.62% (20/42) in the trial group and 19.05% (8/42) in the control group (P=0.002) respectively. The KPS was 85.02±10.74 in the trial group, and 81.35±9.63 in the control group (P=0.038). No significant difference of degree III+IV toxicity was observed between the trial group and control group (P > 0.05). The side effects related to nrhTNF included slight fever, cold like symptoms, pain, and red and swelling in injection site. All of them were mild and didn't need any treatment and disappeared after the therapy.

CONCLUSIONSThe results demonstrate that the effects of domestic nrhTNF combined with chemotherapy can remarkably higher than that of chemotherapy alone in the treatment of NSCLC. It is able to increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of the patients. The toxicity is also slight and is worth to expand clinical use, so as to further evaluate its effect and toxicity.

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate and compare the effects and toxicity of the domestic product of recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor (rmhTNF) combined with chemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSTwo hundred patients with NSCLC in multicenter were randomly devided into trial group (150 cases) and control group (50 cases). Chemotherapy with CAP regimen was given to the patients. Meanwhile, rmhTNF injection of 4×10⁶U/m² was also given from the 1st to 7th days, the 11th to 17th days on the chemotherapy cycle in the trial group. The control patients received chemotherapy alone. Twenty-one days were as a cycle, 2 cycles were given to each patient. The chemotherapeutic effects and toxicity were observed and compared between the two groups after the therapy.

RESULTSof the 200 patients, 5 cases in the trial group and 3 cases in the control group were out of the trial because of economy. The other 192 cases (145 cases in the trial group and 47 cases in the control group) could be analyzed and evaluated the clinical effects and toxicity. The response rate of chemotherapy was 46.90% (68/145) in the trial group and 17.02% (8/47) in the control group respectively ( P =0.001). The KPS scores was 86.02±9.74 in the trial group, and 80.14±9.10 in the control group ( P =0.025). No significant difference of degree III+IV toxicity was observed between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The side effects related to rmhTNF included slight fever, cold-like symptoms, pain and red and swelling in the injection site. All of them were mild and didn't need any treatment and disappeared after the therapy. There were no severe abnormality of liver and kidney function and ECG in both groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe results demonstrate that the effects of domestic rmhTNF combined with chemotherapy are remarkably higher than that of chemotherapy alone in the treatment of NSCLC. rmhTNF can increase the sensitivity to chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of the patients with slight toxicity. Hence rmhTNF is worth expanding clinical use.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.