Objective To study the seasonal characteristics of cholera, Hepatitis A, bacillary dysentery, kidney syndrome hemorrhagic fever (HFRS), and epidemic encephalitis B and rabies in Nanchang from 1998 to 2007. Methods The seasonal characteristics and the peak morbidity time distribution were analyzed respectively by the Concentration degree analysis and the Circular distribution. Results In terms of seasonal characteristics, cholera was strictly and epidemic encephalitis B stronly distributed, while bacillary dysentery had some indicdtions and Hepatitis A and HFRS were not obvious. All the above diseases had their peaks: cholera on August 3, and epidemic encephalitis B on July 8.95% of credible time zones were from June 12 to August 24 and April 24 to September 21 respectively. Conclusions Hygienic publisizing and disease surveillance should be strengthened, especially during morbidity peak time.

Objective To compare the difference in radiotherapy dose caused by different ways of adding bolus.Methods A total of 20 patients who needed to receive postmastectomy chest wall irradiation from October to December on 2014 were selected.Each patient underwent two CT scans;CT-1 was to perform CT scan directly without bolus, and CT-2 was to perform CT scan after adding bolus to the body surface.An equivalent bolus was added for CT-1 in the radiotherapy planning system, and Plan-1, which met the clinical requirements, was performed.Then Plan-1 was put on CT-2 through image fusion and plan verification to develop Plan-2, which was to develop plans with equivalent boluses at other times and perform radiotherapy with a bolus added to the surface of the body.At last, CT-2 was used to perform radiotherapy Plan-3, which met the clinical requirements.The paired t-test was used for comparison of clinical data between any two plans with SPSS 19.0.Results The V20 of the whole lung, V20 of the diseased lung, V30 of the heart, and Dmax of the healthy breast showed no significant differences across the three plans (P=0.074-0.871).The V50 , V55 , conformity index, and homogeneity index of the planning target showed significant differences across the three plans, and the total number of monitor units showed a significant difference between Plan-1 and Plan-2(P=0.002-0.049).The dose distribution in the target volume and the number of monitor units in each radiation field also showed significant differences.Conclusions When the equivalent bolus is added to the body surface before CT scan, such a plan can accurately reflect the dose distribution of the planning target and the dose to organs at risk.

Objective To analyze and discuss the source and epidemic disposition of human infection with avian influenza A(H10N8)virus. Methods Epidemiological surveys were used to collect related data and RT-PCR was applied to detect the specimens collected from cases,close contacts related exposure to live poultry markets. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results Three cases were discovered by surveillance on patients with severe pneumonia,two of the three died,but one in the hospital with the course over 6 months. All the three cases had histories of exposure to live poultry or related markets. Lower respiratory tract gargle aspirate samples of 3 patients were detected by Nanchang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Jiangxi Provincial CDC,and the results showed the influenza 2009pdmH1,H3,H5,H7,H9 subtypes negative. Specimen of patient 1 and 2 was positive for influenza A universal primers. Specimen of patient 3 was positive for H10N8 detected by Chinese National Influenza Center. All 33 close contacts of the patients were negative for H10N8 virus. Positive rate of the total poultry environmental specimens collected from the cases exposure markets was 5.19%. No new cases were found,after the prevention and control messages were implemented. Conclusion Three cases of H10N8 avian influenza virus infection province might be associated with exposure to live poultry market in Jiangxi.

At present medical disputes still happen sometimes though governments at all levels, health departments and hospitals pay more and more attention to correctly guide patient's behavior, regulate doctor's behavior in diagnosis and treatment, purify therapeutic environment, strengthen legislation and protect the legitimate rights and interests of doctors and patients. The causes of medical disputes are great many, and the fundamental reason is that the medical behavior from the beginning to the end is related to the life and health, naturally accompanying medical risk and hiding dispute, therefore what we ought to do is not to absolutely eliminate the risk, but to reduce the risks and disputes. In this report, to explore the causes of medical disputes and risks and look for ways to reduce them, the survey of questionnaires was carried out and practical cases of medical disputes were analyzed in hospitals. Seventy-seven cases of medical disputes from 2013 to 2015 had been completed by arbitration or court decisions, and the final arbitral ideas were as follows: invalid doctor-patient communication, low technology and insufficient management were the main causes of medical disputes; the survey of 483 questionnaires on doctors and nurses in the hospital showed that in addition to the above 3 reasons, there were other deep reasons, namely heavy working intensity, low quality of patients or their family members, and the insufficient management runs through all the links in the way. Therefore, to reduce medical disputes, the following aspects should be commenced: effective communication between doctors and patients; improving doctors' clinical diagnosis and treatment ability; optimizing medical management; correcting medical work attitude;timely medical consultation; attaching importance to medical records; doctor's order leaving some leeway or allowing for unpredictable circumstances; constructing healthy hospital culture; paying attention to the physical and mental health of medical staff; actively improving the medical dispute settlement mechanism and related legal system construction.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of vacuum pad and body film fixation in radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal tumors. Methods A total of 240 patients with thoracic and abdominal tumors who were treated with radiotherapy were randomly selected and divided into group A (simple vacuum pad fixation,60 patients),group B(simple body film fixation with unimproved solid plate, 60 patients),and group C(vacuum pad and body film fixation with improved solid plate,120 patients).The difference between groups were analyzed with single variance analysis method. Results The setup error was small in group C and large in groups A and B. There were significant differences in the setup error between the three fixation methods(P=0.000). Conclusions A combination of vacuum pad and body film fixation is better than vacuum pad or body film fixation in radiotherapy for thoracic and abdominal tumors. The combination method has many benefits, including simple and convenient operation, comfortable and repeatable body fixation,reduced artificial errors,and improved positioning precision.

OBJECTIVETo analyze and discuss the source and epidemic disposition of human infection with avian influenza A (H10N8) virus.

METHODSEpidemiological surveys were used to collect related data and RT-PCR was applied to detect the specimens collected from cases, close contacts related exposure to live poultry markets. Data were analyzed descriptively.

RESULTSThree cases were discovered by surveillance on patients with severe pneumonia, two of the three died, but one in the hospital with the course over 6 months. All the three cases had histories of exposure to live poultry or related markets. Lower respiratory tract gargle aspirate samples of 3 patients were detected by Nanchang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Jiangxi Provincial CDC, and the results showed the influenza 2009pdmH1, H3, H5, H7, H9 subtypes negative. Specimen of patient 1 and 2 was positive for influenza A universal primers. Specimen of patient 3 was positive for H10N8 detected by Chinese National Influenza Center. All 33 close contacts of the patients were negative for H10N8 virus. Positive rate of the total poultry environmental specimens collected from the cases exposure markets was 5.19%. No new cases were found, after the prevention and control messages were implemented.

CONCLUSIONThree cases of H10N8 avian influenza virus infection province might be associated with exposure to live poultry market in Jiangxi.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Commerce ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype ; isolation & purification ; Influenza in Birds ; epidemiology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; virology ; Pneumonia ; virology ; Poultry ; virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Purpose/Significance To sort out the development history,existing problems and countermeasures of public health infor-matization,and to provide decision-making reference for informatization construction and improvement of informatization system in do-mestic public health field.Method/Process Based on the literature related to the research of public health informatization in China in CNKI,the development history and problems of public health informatization are analyzed.Result/Conclusion Public health informatiza-tion in China has gone through 4 major stages of development:national co-ordination,key promotion,hierarchical pilot,and intercon-nection,and there are problems in the infrastructure of disease control informatization,infectious disease informatization construction,in-formation standard system construction,and information security construction,which need to be addressed by countermeasures.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.