Objective To investigate the value of intra-cavitary contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in the location of drainage tubes which were unclear in conventional ultrasonography. Methods The locations of 32 drainage tubes in 26 patients were unclear in conventional ultrasonography. The diluted ultrasound contrast agent (SonoVue) was injected through the tubes. CEUS was used to evaluate the visualizations of the inner tubular portions and the distal ends. Whether the drainage tubes were in situ or not was also judged. The time-consumption of detection was counted. Results The percentages of the visualization of inner tubular portions and the distal ends in conventional ultrasonography were 52.25%(18/32) and 0,respectively. However,the percentages of visualization in CEUS were 100% and 93.75%(30/32), respectively. The difference were significant when compared conventional ultrasonography with CEUS ( P＜0.001 ). CEUS detected that three drainage tubes weren't in situ. And the median of timeconsumption of CEUS was just 4. 5 seconds (range: 1-77 seconds). Conclusions Intra-cavitary CEUS is a sensitive and high efficient technique in the visualization of drainage tube which may complement the insufficiency of conventional ultrasonography. It could be used as the first choice in the location of drainage tube.

Ectopic ACTH syndrome caused by adrenal pheochromocytoma is very rare.A case was herewith reported and the domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed.The correct diagnosis of the syndrome depends on clinical,biochemical,hormonal,radiographic,pathological investigations,as well as tumor immunohistochemistry for final comprehensive judgments.

PURPOSE: To evaluate several risk factors related to re-ulceration of diabetic foot including psychosocial aspects such as familial support and degree of independence of patients' activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed medical records and performed telephone interview with eighty-five patients who had a history of hospitalization in our hospital due to diabetic foot ulceration from year 2002 to 2010. Based on the collected data, we analyzed several factors such as age, gender, prevalence duration, accompanying diseases, HbA1c level, degree of independence and familial support. RESULTS: The mean age was 61.4 years and most common in the 4th decade. There were 57 cases (67%) of recurrence, predominance of male. Eleven patients with recurrent diabetic foot ulceration had undergone major amputations. Psychosocial problems such as depression, insufficient familial support and mortality were more frequently observed in recurrent group. CONCLUSION: This study shows that psychosocial factor such as familial support for patient with diabetic foot could be important to reduce the recurrence rate of diabetic foot ulceration. Therefore, we should pay attention to strategic plans for prevention, screening, treatment, and aftercare through the prospective studies including psychosocial risk factor in diabetic foot ulceration.
Aftercare ; Amputation ; Depression ; Diabetic Foot ; Foot ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Medical Records ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Ulcer

Background and Objective:B7-H1,a member of B7 family,is expressed in tumor cells and has emerged as an important immune modulator capable of suppressing host immunity by inhibiting T cells function.This study was to probe into the correlation between the expression level of B7-H1 protein in pancreatic carcinoma tissues and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.Methods:The expression of B7-H1 was measured in 40 cases of pancreatic carcinoma tissues and 10 cases of normal corresponding paracaroinoma tissues by immunohistochemistry.The relationship between the expression level of B7-H1 and clinicopathological characteristics and survival was analyzed.Results:The positive rate of B7-H1 was significantly higher in the tumor tissues [45.00%(18/40)]than in the normal corresponding paracarcinoma tissues[0(0/10)](P<0.05);moreover,B7-H1 expression was significantly associated with the staging of tumor and preoperative serum CA19-9 level(P<0.05).The multivariate cox proportional hazards regression analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival and relapse-free survivalshowed that the expression of B7-H1 was an independent factor for poor prognosis.Conclusion: B7-H1 protein was expressed in human pancreatic carcinoma tissues,and was associated with the prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo characterize the clinical features of Chinese HNPCC families and to screen the mutations of a poly-(A)8 tract in M3 cholinergic receptor gene in these families.

METHODSThe clinical features of 15 Chinese HNPCC families were characterized. Genomic DNAs from 15 probands were prepared. PCR and direct DNA sequencing analysis were employed to examine the mutations of a poly-(A)8 tract in exon 8 of M3 cholinergic receptor gene.

RESULTSTotal 55 cancer patients were found in 15 families including 41 cases of colorectal carcinoma with an average of 2.73 colorectal carcinomas developed per family. Thirty out of forty-one (73%) patients were diagnosed before age of 50 years. Proximal colon was involved in 51% of patients, while anus and rectum were 40 %. Synchronous and metachronous multiple colorectal cancers developed in 5 patients (12%). Two thirds of families belonged to Lynch II syndrome, and total 18 extracolonic malignancies in 14 patients were identified. Gastric carcinoma was the most common extracolonic types. In 15 HNPCC probands, no mutation was detected in the poly-(A)8 tract of exon 8 of M3 cholinergic receptor gene.

CONCLUSIONM3 cholinergic receptor gene might have little relation with HNPCC in Chinese population. The criteria for Chinese HNPCC are useful and practical in clinical application.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis ; genetics ; pathology ; Family Characteristics ; ethnology ; Family Health ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Poly A ; Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo assess the effect of the maximal androgen blockade(MAB) and MAB combined with 125I brachytherapy on prostatic cancer.

METHODSForty-four patients with prostatic cancer (from 1993 to 2002), 28 at pathologic stage C and 16 at stage D, were analyzed retrospectively. Thirty-five of them were treated by bilateral orchidectomy and anti-androgen drugs, i.e. MAB, and 9 treated by MAB combined with 125I brachytherapy. The survival rates and the variation of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels between pre- and post-treatment were compared.

RESULTSThe level of PSA decreased from 60.3 micrograms/L to 12.1 micrograms/L in 35 patients treated by MAB, and from 72.1 micrograms/L to 3.6 micrograms/L in 9 patients treated by MAB combined with 125I brachytherapy after 6 months. The post-treatment survival rates were 81.3% (26/32, excluding 3 deaths by other diseases) for patients treated by MAB after a mean follow-up of 39.2 (9-84) months and 100% for patients by MAB combined with 125I brachytherapy after a mean follow-up of 13(7-24) months.

CONCLUSIONMAB and MAB combined with 125I brachytherapy are effective for patients with prostatic cancer.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Androgen Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Brachytherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

The incidence of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis is very high in the pediatric patients with malignant tumor. The pain, eating disorders and malnutrition caused induced by stomatitis influence children's quality of life seriously. They even influence the progress of chemotherapy regimens. This paper summarizes the causes, risk factors, the grading standard, prevention and nursing measures of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis. It indicates that the prevention measures should be combined with the treatment for chemotherapy-induced stomatitis at the same time. Medical staff should evaluate the oral cavity problems of the pediatric patients and make oral nursing plans for every patient according to their chemotherapy regimens, in order to accelerate the healing process of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is featured with motor disorder and nonmotor manifestations including psychological symptoms, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, and paresthesia, which results in great inconvenience to the patients'life. The apolipoprotein (Apo) superfamily, as a group of potentially modifiable biomarkers in clinical practice, is of increasing significance in the diagnosis, evaluation, and prognosis of PD. The present review summarized the current understanding and emerging findings of the relationship between Apo superfamily and PD. Data Sources:All literatures were identified by systematically searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane electronic databases with terms"Parkinson disease," "apolipoprotein," and their synonyms until May 2017. Study Selection: We have thoroughly examined titles and abstracts of all the literatures that met our search strategy and the full text if the research is identified or not so definite. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also scrutinized for additional relevant studies. Results: The levels of plasma ApoA1 are inversely correlated with the risk of PD and the lower levels of ApoA1 trend toward association with poorer motor performance. Higher ApoD expression in neurons represents more puissant protection against PD, which is critical in delaying the neurodegeneration process of PD. It is suggested that APOE alleles are related to development and progression of cognitive decline and age of PD onset, but conclusions are not completely identical, which may be attributed to different ApoE isoforms. APOJ gene expressions are upregulated in PD patients and it is possible that high ApoJ level is an indicator of PD dementia and correlates with specific phenotypic variations in PD. Conclusions: The Apo superfamily has been proved to be closely involved in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of PD. Apos and their genes are of great value in predicting the susceptibility of PD and hopeful to become the target of medical intervention to prevent the onset of PD or slow down the progress. Therefore, further large?scale studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of Apos in PD.

This study was purposed to clarify whether biology function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is changed by suppressing the development of dendritic cells (DC) derived from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). MSCs were cocultured with dendritic cells derived from CD34 positive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and then the expression of cytokines and phenotypes of DCs/MSCs were detected by RT-PCR and flow cytometry respectively. Induced experiments were used to analyze the differentiation ability of MSCs. The results showed that DCs/MSCs were negative for the CD14, CD34, CD45, CD31, CD86, but positive for HLA-ABC, CD29, CD73, though the percentage decreased as MSCs vs DCs/MSCs (93.1% vs 13.44%, 98.3% vs 78.8%, 95.3% vs 75.9%). In addition, the expression of cytokines such as M-CSF, TGF-beta increased in DCs/MSCs. After differentiation induction, DCs/MSCs were deprived of the potential to differentiate into adipocytes, but maintained osteogenesis characteristics. It is concluded that the basic characteristics of MSCs are altered after coculture with DCs, and DCs/MSCs result in lower expression of mesenchymal phenotypes and decrease differentiation ability, but increase the expression of cytokines related to hematopoiesis and immunity.
Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of activated T cell on the ability of MSC to differentiate into osteoblasts. The activated T cells with MSCs were co-culture for 14 days, then the osteoblast formation was tested by alkaline phosphatase staining. Furthermore, the supernatant of activated T cell was added in culture system of MSCs, the expression of molecules related with immune regulation of activated T cells was detected by RT-PCR, so as to determine what kinds of cytokine displayed the important function in MSC differentiation. The result showed that activated T cell could promote differentiation of MSC into osteoblasts, and IL-1beta played an important role in the effect of activated T cells on MSCs, while TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1 were not. It is concluded that the activated T cells promote the differentiation of MSCs to osteoblasts. The interactive influence between MSCs and immune cells can be mediated through cytokines.
Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; biosynthesis ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism