Objectives To establish real-time fluorenscence quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( RFQ-PCR ) for measurement of the expression level of guanylyl cyclase-C(GC-C) in the Peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC)in 30 blood donors, 10 cases colorectal cancer tissue and 1 case T84 human colon cancer cell line. Methods Specific primers and TaqMan probe have been designed,and fluorenscence of the PCR product was detected continuously during amplification. According to the standard curve created by plasmid DNA, the expression level of GC-C in clinical samples has been determined using software, and the results were presented as the ratios of GC-C mRNA to?2-microgluobulin(?2M)mRNA. Results The detection range of the assay was from 101 pg/ml to109pg/ml,the coefficient of variation values of both intra-experimental and inter- experimental reproducibility were 6. 87% to 11. 12% and 8. 86% to 15. 19% . None of 30 blood donors and 11 benign intestinal patients expressed GC-C mRNA,it was expressed in 31/37 colorectal cancer patients. The expression level of GC-C mRNA in colorectal cancer patients was 0. 88?0.06,and the expression level of its in colorectal carcinoma tissue and T84 cells were 0. 86?0.07/ug tissue and 0.0082/per cell. Conclusions This assay had high sensitivity,specificity and reproducibility.

AIM:To study the type, degree and axial distribution of low vision astigmatism in preschool children.METHODS:A group of 3-6 years old children were selected for astigmatism screening, and statistical analysis was performed on the detected 445 eyes of 308 people.RESULTS:With more than 0.50D astigmatism criteria, astigmatism examination of 308 people, accounting for 36.2%, of which 137 eyes astigmatism, astigmatism 171 monocular.The five types of astigmatism were compound hyperopia 40.7%, mixed 35.5%, compound myopia 8.5%, myopia 8.3%, simple hyperopia astigmatism degree 7.0%;69.0% were mild, 16.6% moderate, 14.4% severe.Astigmatism axial distribution was with the rule for 54.9%, against the rule 28.8%, oblique 16.6%.In binocular astigmatism eyes, axial symmetry was in 35.8%, asymmetry in 64.2%.CONCLUSION:The main type of astigmatism in preschool children are compound hyperopia and mixed astigmatism.Astigmatism degree is mainly mild.With the increase of age, the detection rate of moderate and high astigmatism increased.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) in Qingdao. Methods Two hundred and four PI-IBS and 2068 non-PI-IBS patients were investigated with questionnaire including general information, symptoms and quality of life scores with microecological study before and after therapy. Results (1) The morbidity rate of PI-IBS in female was 2. times of that in male, which was similar to that in non-PI-IBS. (2) Brainwork labors dominated in both PI-IBS and non-Pl-lBS patients. (3) As to the simultaneous presence of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms,there was no statistical difference between the rate of physical symptoms in PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients (X<'2>= 10. 5, P>0.05) ,but the rate of mental symptoms was higher in PI-IBS than in non-PI-IBS patients, and the difference was significant(X<'2>= 28.7, P<0.05). (4)The alteration of intestinal microflora rate in PI-IBS was obviously higher than that in non-PI-IBS patients. (5) The quality of life scores in PI-IBS was improved after treatment with Birid Triple Viable , and there was significant difference(t =3. 8, P<0.01),but there was no statistical difference in non-Pl-IBS (t = 1.5, P>0.05). Conclusion There was some difference in certain clinical characteristics between PI-IBS and non-PI-IBS patients in Qingdao.

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid (YQTM), a traditional compound Chinese herbal medicine, in treating angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: A multicentric, randomized, double blinded and paralleled controlled trial was conducted on 110 patients in trial group treated with YQTM, and 109 patients in control group treated with Shuxin Oral Liquid (SX). Cure and effective rates in both groups were evaluated. Frequency and duration of angina attack were counted and measured. Coronary angiography (CAG), electrocardiogram (ECG) and flat exercise test were taken in both groups. Blood lipid indexes, such as cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), were determined at pre- and post-treatment. The hemodynamic indexes, such as whole blood viscosity (J2), high-shear reduced viscosity (Eh), low-shear reduced viscosity (Ei), red cell aggregation index (Lb), red cell rigidity index (Rh), fibrinogen (Fb), blood sedimentation rate (BSR) and hematocrit (HCT), were determined at pre-and post-treatment. The indicated scores of symptoms and signs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pattern, such as chest pain, chest constriction, breath shortness, palpitation, fatigue, dim complexion, spontaneous perspiration and tongue proper, tongue coating were evaluated in week 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 during the treatment course. The safety indexes, such as body temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure were observed. Routine tests of blood, urine and stool, hepatic function test and renal function test were taken at pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the total effective rate of the trial group and that of the control group, which were 91.82% and 85.32%, respectively (P>0.05). Trial groups percentile of cure rate is significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The frequency and duration of angina attack, the positive ratio of CAG and flat exercise test of both groups were lowered, while the effect of the trial group on frequency and duration of angina attack was better. No significant difference was found in ECG features between the two groups (P>0.05). The levels of CH, TG and LDL of both groups were lowered significantly (P<0.05). The effect of lowering CH, TG and LDL of the trial group was stronger than that of the control group (P<0.05). The hemodynamic indexes, such as J2, Eh, Ei, Lb, Rh, Fb, BSR and HCT were improved significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The improvements of J2, Eh, Ei, Lb, Rh, Fb and SR in the trial group were greater than those of control group (P<0.05). The TCM symptoms and signs, such as chest pain, chest constriction, breath shortness, palpitation, fatigue, dim complexion, spontaneous perspiration were improved significantly in both groups (P<0.05). The improvements of chest constriction, palpitation, fatigue and spontaneous perspiration in the trial group were greater than those of the control group (P<0.05). The total indicated score of TCM symptoms and signs was lowered more significantly than that of the control group (P<0.01). No significant changes were found at pre- and post-treatment in safety indexes, such as routine tests for blood, urine and stool, hepatic function test and renal function test. There was no significant difference in safety features of both groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid bears good therapeutic effect on angina pectoris without adverse reaction, and is superior to Shuxin Oral Liquid. Yiqi Tongmai Oral Liquid is a new effective and safe medicine for the treatment of angina pectoris in patients with coronary heart disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the genotype distribution of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from posthepatitic cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection.

METHODSE. coli were isolated in bloodstream from patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis between January and December in 2011. The strains were identified by VITEK-II. The antibiol susceptibility tests were performed with K-B method. beta-lactamases genes were detected multi-PCR, PCR, sequence and blast.

RESULTSA total of 79 non-duplicate clinical isolates of E coli were consecutively collected from liver cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection. There were 20 isolates produced TEM-1 type beta-lactamases and 1 isolate produced SHV-1 typebeta-lactamases. 40 clinical isolates were detected to produce CTX-M type ESBLs, there were 20 CTX-M-1 group and 26 CTX-M-9 group, including 6 stains habouring both CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9 group. Eight CTX-M genotypes were confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products, including CTX-M-3, CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-24, CTX-M-28, CTX-M-31, CTX-M-65 and CTX-M-79.

CONCLUSIONCTX-M genotype ESBLs was the most popular extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in E. coli isolated from liver cirrhosis' patients with bloodstream infection. The CTX-M-14 is the dominant epidemic type.

Bacteremia ; microbiology ; Cross Infection ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli Infections ; microbiology ; Escherichia coli Proteins ; genetics ; Genotype ; Hospitalization ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; therapy ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics ; metabolism

Nitric oxide has emerged as a key signaling molecule in plants recently. The role of nitric oxide in elicitor-induced defense responses of plants has been extensively investigated. In this work, sodium nitroprusside was utilized as the donor of nitric oxide to investigate the effects of exogenous nitric oxide on hypericin production and cell growth of suspension cell cultures of Hypericum perforatum L.. Compared with the untreated Hypericum perforatum L. suspension cells, external application of 0.5 and 15.0 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside induced 1.4 and 0.5-fold dry cell weight, and 0.9 and 2.1-fold hypericin content respectively. The results showed that low concentration of sodium nitroprusside promoted the growth of Hypericum perforatum L. suspension cells, while high concentration of sodium nitroprusside enhanced hypericin biosynthesis in Hypericum perforatum L. suspension cells. The maximum hypericin production was achieved by adding 0.5 mmol/L and 15.0 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside to the culture at day 0 and day 14 respectively, increasing the total hypericin yield by nearly 3.2-fold. The effects of sodium nitroprusside on hypericin content and growth of Hypericum perforatum L. suspension cells were abolished by nitric oxide specific scavenger 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, which indicated that the effects of the application of sodium nitroprusside were caused by nitric oxide released from sodium nitroprusside rather than sodium nitroprusside itself. The results also showed that 15.0 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside stimulated the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), one of the key enzymes of phenylpropanoid pathway, in suspension cells of Hypericum perforatum L., which suggested that the synthetic pathway of hypericin might be activated by NO through triggering the defense responses of Hypericum perforatum L. suspension cells.
Cells, Cultured ; Hypericum ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Nitroprusside ; pharmacology ; Perylene ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase ; metabolism ; Plant Growth Regulators ; biosynthesis

coefficient of variation, corneal endothelium hexagonal cell ratio, anterior corneal surface curvature ratio of horizontal(HK) and vertical curvature(VK) were not statistically significant before and after wearing for 6mo, 1, and 2a (P > 0. 05). The uncorrected visual acuity increased significantly, and the diopter decreased significantly after their wearing (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in axial length after wearing OK lens for 6mo,1,and 2a (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The orthokeratology lenses can significantly increase uncorrected visual acuity and improve refractive power for juvenile myopia without severe corneal or conjunctival complications occurred, which has little influence on corneal endothelial cells and corneal thickness with a certain degree of safety.

Objective To build an intelligent field medical station based on new information technologies such as IOT.Methods The milieu exterieur and deficiencies of the existing field medical station were analyzed,and the overall architecture,main functions and technology implementation of the intelligent field medical station were proposed based on IOT and other new information technologies.Results The intelligent medical station was modified from the existing one,and enhanced its medical support ability greatly.Conclusion The intelligent field medical station adapts itself to future battlefield support as well as intelligent management and emergency support at peacetime,and thus can be applied in multi medical support mission.

Objective To explore the risk factors of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis (endemic fluorosis) and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategy.Methods One hundred children with dental fluorosis and 30 adults with skeletal fluorosis who lived in Wushan county and Fengjie county,the endemic fluorosis regions northeast of Chongqing were randomly selected as the case group in 2010.One hundred healthy children and 30 healthy adults were selected from the population where the cases were selected from as the control group and 30 healthy external adults control were selected from Yubei district,a non-endemic fluorosis area.Fasting venous blood was draw from all subjects and the content of zinc (Zn),copper(Cu),calcium (Ca),magnesium(Mg),and ferrum(Fe) in venous blood was measured by atomic spectrophotometric.Instant urine was collected from all subjects and urinary fluorine was measured by fluorine selective electrode.We also did questionnaire survey to 100 dental fluorosis children and 100 control children about their situation of fluorine pollution and knowledge related to endemic fluorosis.Results Children's blood Zn of the ease group[(70.88 ±9.28) μmol/L] was lower than that of the control group [(75.53 ± 10.78)μmol/L],and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).But the average blood Cu content[(30.28 ± 2.58)μ mol/L] and the average urinary fluorine of the case group [(0.74 ± 0.36)mg/L] were significantly higher than that [Cu (28.45 ± 4.05)μmol/L and urinary fluorine (0.48 ± 0.21)mg/L] of the control group in children,respectively,and the differences was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The average blood Zn content of adults in the case group[(91.13 ± 10.29)μ mol/L] was lower than that of the control group[(99.57 ± 11.73)μmol/L],and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The average content of Mg[(1.57 ± 0.19)mmol/L],Fe[(8.17 ± 1.01) mmol/L] and urinary fluorine[(2.37 ± 1.01)mg/L] in the case group were higher than that [Mg(1.46 ± 0.16) mmol/L,Fe(7.72 ± 0.96) mmol/L and urinary fluorine(0.92 ± 0.85)mg/L] of the control group,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P ＜0.05).In the questionnaire survey,we found that the following were important related factors (OR values were 2.7335,0.3339,2.8428,0.4633,0.5439,0.4009,0.4805 and 0.3994,P ＜ 0.05) between the case group and the control group:using local coal for heating,furnaces and stoves improvement,eating local coal fire baked food,knowing the harm of endemic fluorosis to the health of human body,knowing endemic fluorosis can be prevented,knowing consuming baked food can cause endemic fluorosis,knowing drinking milk can prevent endemic fluorosis and having the habit of eating calcium tablets.Conclusions In addition to the main pathogenic element of fluorine,body Zn content is closely related to the process of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in the two counties,fluorosis patients have lower blood Zn levels,Zn deficiency is an auxiliary factor in the etiology of fluorosis.Reduce the use of local coal for heating,do not consume the baked food,improve stoves,learn more knowledge about endemic fluorosis and ingest anti-fluoride elements can reduce the risk of endemic fluorosis.

Objective:To explore the promoted role of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) overexpression in proliferation and differentiation of immature white matter progenitor cells after ischemia in vitro. Methods:Periventricular white matter cells from 5-d-old rats were cultured in vitro and divided into control group, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) group, OGD+gadolinium chloride (GdCl 3) group, and OGD+ CaSR silenced group. CaSR expression was agitated by GdCl 3, and CaSR gene expression was inhibited by gene silencing. CaSR mRNA levels 24, 48 and 72 h, and 7 and 14 d after OGD were detected by real-time fluorescence quantification-PCR (RT-qPCR); cell proliferation 48 h after OGD was detected by inverted microscope, and cell differentiation 24, 48, and 72 h, and 7 and 14 d was detected by double immunofluorescence staining. Results:(1) CaSR mRNA expressions: CaSR mRNA expressions in OGD group 48 and 72 h and 7 d after OGD were statistically higher than those in control group ( P<0.05). Forty-eight and 72 h, and 7 and 14 d after OGD, CaSR mRNA expressions in OGD+GDCL 3 group were statistically higher than those in control group and OGD group ( P<0.05); the CaSR mRNA expressions in the OGD+CaSR silenced group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). (2) Cell proliferation and differentiation: 48 h after OGD, the cell sphere diameter of OGD group ([75.26±26.07] μm) was significantly increased as compared with that of control group ([57.96±18.92] μm, P<0.05); the cell sphere diameter of OGD+GdCl 3 group ([91.92±21.82] μm) was significantly increased as compared with that of control group and OGD group ( P<0.05); and the cell sphere diameter of OGD+ CaSR silenced group ([24.09±8.34] μm) was significantly shorter than that of control group and OGD group ( P<0.05). At 48 and 72 h after OGD, the number of O4 +/CaSR + olidoendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in OGD group was significantly larger than that in control group, that in OGD+GdCl 3 group was significantly larger than that in control group and OGD group, and that in OGD+ CaSR silenced group was significantly smaller than that in control group and OGD group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:CaSR overexpression could promote the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells to OPCs.