Objective To invcstigate the value of preoperative imaging morphologic classification in solitary small hepatocellular carcinoma treated by RFA.Methods The clinical data of 73 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma who rcccivcd radiofrequency ablation at the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2008 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The lesions were classified into three types according to gross appearance in preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT):single nodular type (type 1);single nodular with extranodular growth type or confluent multinodular type (type 2);infiltrating type (type 3).Thc clinicopathological features of patients with 3 types of tumors were compared by statistical methods.Patients were followed up via outpatient examination and telephone interview up to August 2014 or death.Results There were 24 cases of type 1,35 cases of type 2,14 cases of type 3,and the proportion were 20.2％,32.9％,47.9％,19.2％,respectively.The preoperative alpha-fetoprotein of type 3 was significantly higher than othcr types.The disease-free survival time of the three types were (37.2 ± 3.3) months,(20.9 ± 4.0) months,(14.4 ±4.9) months.The prognosis of the irregular types (type 2,type 3) is poor than the regular types (type 1).The overall survival time were (72.5 ± 4.7) months,(66.2 ± 7.3) months,(31.2 ± 5.3) months.The type 3 was the worst.The results of univariate analysis showed that morphologic classification,preoperative AFP,tumor size were related factors affecting the prognosis of patients (P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that morphologic classification was the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The preoperative imaging morphologic classification is the independent risk factors affecting the prognoses of patients with small HCC,which is help to choose the best treatment for patients with small hepatocellular.

Objective To observe the effects of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues liraglutide on expressions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and cyclo-oxygen-ase (COX)2 in renal medulla of type 2 diabetes rats, and the mechanism of its lowering blood pressure and promoting excretion of water and salt in kidney. Methods Type 2 diabetes model rats were generated by high-fat and high-sugar feeding for 8 weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Subse?quently, eighteen type 2 diabetes rats were divided into two groups: liraglutide treatment group (DMT) and diabetes group (DM). Twelve normal rats were divided into two groups: liraglutide treatment wild type group (WTT) and wild type group (WT). DMT and WTT groups were given liraglutide (200μg/kg) by subcutaneous injection, DM and WT groups were given equivalent normal saline by the same way. The levels of blood glucose and blood pressure were detected at 0, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after treatment in groups of rats. Samples of urine were collected for detecting ion concentrations (K+, Na+and Cl-) af?ter treatment for six weeks. Rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for detecting ion concentrations (K+, Na+and Cl-). The expression levels of NOS and COX2 mRNA and protein in renal medulla were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot assay. Results After treating with liraglutide, the values of blood glucose (F=5.933, P<0.05) and blood pres?
sure (F=22.070, P<0.05) were gradually decreased in DMT group. After treatment with liraglutide for 6 weeks, the values of blood glucose (mmol/L:12.78 ± 3.82 vs. 18.75 ± 1.68) and blood pressure (mmHg:119.98 ± 4.43 vs. 136.42 ± 4.48) were signifi?cantly decreased (P<0.05) in DMT group than those of DM group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of K+, Na+and Cl-between the two groups. There were higher levels of K+(mmol/L:46.55 ± 6.43 vs. 33.13 ± 9.71), Na+(mmol/L:56.33±8.83 vs. 41.20±7.25) and Cl-(mmol/L:159.81±25.06 vs. 71.44±12.99) in urine in DMT group than those of DM group (P<0.05). The mRNA levels and protein expressions of NOS and COX2 in renal medulla were significant?ly increased in DMT group than those of DM group (P<0.05). Conclusion GLP-1 analogues liraglutide may enhance the expression of COX2 by increasing the expression of NOS to excrete water and salt, and decrease blood pressure.

Objective To investigate the modulation of EPCs by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and the pathogenesis resulting from their dysdifferenfiation after trauma.Method Thirty pigs were divided into a control group (n = 15) and a multiple organ dysfimction syndrome (MODS) group (n = 15), the latter of which were subjected to a "two-hit" injury including hemon'hagic shock and endotoxemia. Phosphorylation of p38MAPK in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was monitored by western blotting. The concentration of IL-1β in peripheral blood plasma was determined by ELISA and the numbers of EPCs with FCM in peripheral blood plasma were monitored. The morbidity rates in the two groups were compared by chi square test. The levels of phosphorylation of p38MAPK in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, the concentmtions of IL-1β in peripheral blood plasma and the numbers of EPCs in the peripheral blood were compared between groups using with Student's t lest. Results The level of p38MAPK phosphorylation was more augmented and the concen-tration of IL-1β higher in peripheral blood mononuelear cells and plasma from MODS pigs compared with those from control pigs; nevertheless the mauler of EPC conspicuously decreased in the peripheral blood (P <0.01). The morbidity rate in the MODS group was much higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). There were fewer EPCs in the peripheral blood of animals in group M than in the peripheral blood of animals in group C (P <0.01). Conclusions p38MAPK phosphorylation is important for the pathogenesis of MODS. p38MAPK phospho-rylation might cause the concentration of IL-1β in the peripheral blood plasma to rise and could cause a drop in the numbers of EPCs, thereby aggravating the inflanmmatory reaction in MODS.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of iliolumbar fixation for the sacrum fractures of Denis type II.

METHODSThe clinical data of 86 patients with sacrum fracture of Denis type II treated by iliolumbar fixation from January 2008 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 55 males and 31 females, aged from 17 to 55 years old with an average of 39.1 years. Among them, 73 cases complicated with pelvis fracture and 13 cases with acetabular fracture; 37 cases with sacral neurological symptoms and 49 cases without sacral neurological symptoms. Fracture healing time, nerve function, clinical function and complications were observed in the patients.

RESULTSIn 86 cases, 6 cases were out of followed-up and 80 cases were followed up from 24 to 71 months with an average of 36 months. The mean fracture healing time was 13 weeks (ranged, 10 to 38 weeks). According to Gibbons scoring to evaluate the neurological function, preoperative nerve rehabilitation, lower limbs feeling, lower limbs activity,bladder and rectum function,total score respectively were 0.62 +/- 0.04, 1.54 +/- 0.35, 1.12 +/- 0.18, 0.23 +/- 0.01, 3.46 +/- 0.47 and postoperative respectively were 0.82 +/- 0.12, 0.36 +/- 0.04, 0.05 +/- 0.01, 0.03 +/- 0.01, 1.25 +/- 0.22, there were statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative (P < 0.05). According to Majeed scoring to evaluate the clinical function, postoperative pain, standing, sitting, sexual life, work ability, total score respectively were 22.54 +/- 4.02, 27.93 +/- 5.46, 8.47 +/- 3.61, 2.54 +/- 1.33, 16.46 +/- 4.34, 81.32 +/- 8.73, 60 cases got excellent results, 17 good, 3 fair. The main complications including fracture nonunion of 5 cases,deep incision infection of 1 case, and screw prominence resulting uncomfortable of 8 cases.

CONCLUSIONIliolumbar fixation has the advantages of stable fixation, satisfactory functional rehabilitation, less complications, and is a good method in treating sacrum fracture of Denis type II.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacrum ; injuries ; surgery ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of trans-TrkC gene neural stem cells (NSCs)on the recovery of neural function after spinal cord injury.Methods Sixty SD rats were ran- domly divided into six groups:normal control group(A),hemisection group(B),NSCs transplantation grnup(C),NSCs transplantation with the regional application of NT-3 group(D),trans-TrkC gene NSCs transplantation group(E)and trans-TrkC genc NSCs transplantation with the regional application of NT- 3 group(F),10 rats in each group.Nine days after the set up of animal models,cell transplantation into the injured spinal cord was performed.The BBB locomotor score was calculated,and MEP(motor evoked potential)and SEP(somatesensory evoked potential)were pedormed two months after cell transplanta- tion.Results Two months after cell transplantation,the BBB locomotor score was partly recovered, and the MEP and SEP(somatosensory evoked potential)results were also markedly improved in Group F, which indicated the restoration of the upward and downward nerve conduction function of the injured spinal cord.But it seemed that the restoration of the downward nerve conduction was better than that of the up- want,and the extent of the improvement of MEP and SEP results was larger than that of motion function recovery.The onset latency,peak to peak amplitude of MEP and SEP,and the BBB score of Group F re- stored the best compared with the other groups,and the differences were statistically significant(P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of intraoperative methylprednisolone used in combination with perioperative enteral nutrition support in improving liver synthetic function after hepatectomy and postoperative recovery.Methods In this prospective controlled trial,79 patients treated with hepatectomy at Departement of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery in Drum Tower Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014 were included and divided into control group (n =39) and steroid group (n =40) according to the order of surgery.The control group underwent hepatectomy only,while the steroid group received intraoperative methylprednisolone (500 mg) at the start of liver excision.Both of the two groups were given the same perioperative enteral nutrition support.Liver function,prealbumin (PA),and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured before and on days 1,3,and 5 after the operation.Human blood albumin infusion volume,postoperative gas passing,postoperative hospital stay,and incidence of complications were recorded.Results The serum level of PA on day 3 after hepatectomy was significantly higher in the steroid group than in the control group [(101.26 ±61.17) mg/L vs.(81.84 ±43.58) mg/L,t =-1.607,P =0.049].The serum level of cholinesterase on day 1 after hepatectomy was significantly higher in the steroid group than in the control group [(5.60±1.54) kU/Lvs.(4.68±1.01) kU/L,t=-3.136,P=0.004].On day1 and day 3 after hepatectomy,the serum levels of CRP were significantly lower in the steroid group than in the control group [(41.79 ±20.86) mg/L vs.(62.08 ±38.33) mg/L,t =2.933,P=0.027;(64.14 ±32.38) mg/L vs.(102.64 ± 49.05) mg/L,t =4.127,P =0.006].The postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the steroid group than in the control group [(12.62 ±5.74) d vs.(15.41 ± 10.00)d,t =1.514,P =0.002].Conclusion Intraoperative use of methylprednisolone combined with perioperative enteral nutrition support may inhibit postoperative inflammatory response,promote early recovery of liver synthetic function,and help to promote rehabilitation after hepatectomy.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HBV polymerase gene mutations and HBV genotypes in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients resistant to adefovir dipivoxil (ADV).Methods Blood samples were collected from 114 ADV-resistant CHB patients during February 2010 and May 2012.The HBV polymerase regions from serum samples were amplified with real-time PCR,and the PCR products were sequenced.Normal distribution data were presented as x ± s,and non-normal distribution data were presented as M (P25-P75) ; for homogeneous data analysis of variance and LSD-t test were performed.Results There were 8 types of HBV polymerase gene mutations in 114 CHB patients; single point mutation was detected in 102 patients (89.47％) and double or triple points mutations were detected in 12 patients (10.53％).rtA181V/T/S (57.89％),rtN236T (14.91％) and rtA181V/T/S + N236T (9.65％) were the predominant mutations.For 21 patients (18.42％) with HBV genotype B,rtN236T mutation was prevalent (47.62％,10/21) ; while for those with HBV genotype C (93,81.58％),rtA181V/T/S mutation was the predominant (65.59％,61/93).The differences of rtA181V/T/S (x2 =12.269,P ＜0.01) and rtN236T (x2 =18.658,P ＜0.01) mutation rates between B and C genotypes were statistically significant.Conclusion rtA181V/T/S,rtN236T and rtA181V/T/S + rtN236T are the major HBV polymerase gene mutation types in ADV resistant CHB patients,and mutation types are related with HBV genotypes.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acute upper respiratory tract infection (common cold).

This paper deals with research and manufacture processes of the 8 millimeter wave therapeu- tic apparatus,the application to the clinical treatment for gastric and duodenal ulcer.