As a new method of modern teaching,the computer assisted instruction(CAI) is widely used in every field in modern education. In this paper,the author explores the existed problems and the necessary qualities of using CAI for college teachers in microbiology experimental teaching.

Humans ; Vision Disorders/etiology* ; Visual Acuity

Objective:To study the effects of dexamethasone,cyclophosphamide,cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil on the expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 receptor in RAW264.7 cell line.Methods:In vitro culturing RAW264.7 macrophages ,the cells were given different doses of dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide ,cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetilfor 24 h.The influence of different immunosuppresants on cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Dectin-1,TLR2 mRNA and protein levels of change were detected with RT-PCR technique and flow cytometry .Results:CCK-8 cell proliferation toxicity experiment results showed that with the increase of the dose of dexamethasone ,cyclophosphamide ,Cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil ,the different degree of inhibi-tion of RAW264.7 cell proliferation in mice can be saw after the intervention of 24 h (P<0.05).After 24 h of dexamethasone stimula-tion,Dectin-1 mRNA and protein level decreased,TLR2 mRNA and protein levels elevated (P<0.05).However cyclophosphamide had no obvious influence on Dectin-1 and TLR2 ( P>0.05 ) .Mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporin A could both inhibit the expression of Dectin-1 and TLR2 (P<0.05).Conclusion:There are significant differences among the regulatory functions of various immunosupres -sants on the expression of pattern recognition receptors .Different immunosuppressive agents exert their inhibitory effects on immune rec-ognition process of fungal pathogens not only by selectively regulating their target PRRs expression ,but also by inhibiting the growth and proliferation of macrophages .

Clinical teaching plan of pneumothorax and hemorrhagic shock was prepared with mind maps. The process of making this teaching plan was demonstrated as follows:relationship among all levels of subjects in this course was manifested by text and graph as belong and relevance. It is sim-ple, smooth, focused, lucid and easy to understand and remember. Application of mind mapis ex-tremely simple;it is suitable for medical education and is conducive to enhancing teaching efficiency.

The contents of coumarins in the sulfur fumigated Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, ADR) were reduced significantly. To achieve the quality control of ADR, the qualitative identification of sulfur fumigated ADR and quantitative model of imperatorin content should be established. The near-infrared (NIR) spectrograms of non-sulfur and sulfur fumigated ADR were collected by NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technology and pretreated by the method of first derivative derivation and vector normalization. The Ward's Algorithm method was used for the cluster analysis. The non-sulfur and sulfur fumigated ADR can be quickly identified in the range of 8,806. 0-3 811.0 cm(-1) based on the cluster analysis. The NIR quantitative model of imperatorin was established by the contents of imperatorin determined by HPLC in combination with partial least squares regression analysis. According to the calibration model established in this study, correlation coefficients (R2), the root-mean-square error of cross-validation (RMSECV), and the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) for imperatorin were 0.982 8, 0.006 8, 0.011 8, respectively. The quantitative model of imperatorin can be applied to determine the content of imperatorin in ADR accurately.
Angelica ; chemistry ; classification ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods ; Sulfur ; chemistry

Objective To find a more suitable approach to pediatric anesthesia during laparoscopic operation to alleviate stress response.Methods Forty patients,1 to 3 years of age,ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ,underwent general anesthesia(group GA)and combined general epidural anesthesia(group GEA)during their laparoscopic operation.Heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),ECG,SPO2,PETCO2,blood gas,plasma epinephrine,plasma norepinephrine,plasma IL-6 and IL-10 were monitered and recorded five minutes before anesthesia(T0),pre-pneumoperitoneum(T1),5 min after pneumoperitoneum(T2),30 min after pneumoperitoneum(T3),30 min after operation(T4)and 24 h after operation(T5).Results(1)HR,MAP of group GA were increased obviously at T2,T3,T4 compared to T0(P0.05).Significant difference was found at T1,T2,T3 and T4 between group GA and group GEA(t=4.749,10.349,13.632,10.051,P0.05).Plasma IL-10 at T1,T2,T3,T4 were higher than that at T0 in both groups(P

Frogs were caught from 4 towns in Huaxi of Guiyang and dissected.The collected spargana were used to infect young dogs for species identification.Results showed that the wild frogs were identified as Rana nigromaculata, and the infection rate was 16%(131/818) with an average intensity infection of 3.44 per frog, The tapeworm obtained from an infected dog was specified as Spirometra mansoni.

Clinical teaching way in pediatrics has been investigated,and its current state understood to provide the direction of clinical teaching in pediatrics.

Objective To explore the role ofpostsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) in Parkinsonian rat models receiving chronic L-dopa treatment. Methods The hemi-parkinsonian rat models were established by stereotaxically injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right medial forebrain bundle of 60 rats. Thirty-two of them were successfully induced into models with PD and equally randomized into PD group, L-dopa plus physiological saline treatment group, L-dopa plus PSD-95antisense oligonucleotide treatment group and L-dopa plus TE treatment group (n=8). The rats in the PD group were treated intraperitoneally with 0.2% ascorbic acid physiological saline water. The rats in the for 22 d. On the following 3 days, the rats were performed intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline water, injection of PSD-95 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide and TE buffer in the striatum,respectively. Another 8 rats were chosen as normal control group, only given solvent. Rotational reaction time and the largest number of revolutions within 5 minutes of rotation were estimated on the 25th d of injection. After rats being sacrificed, Mrna and protein expressions of PSD-95 at the corpus striatum were observed by RT-PCR and Western blotting, repectively. Results After chronic treatment with L-dopa methylester, the rotational reaction time was prolonged and the the largest number of revolutions within 5 minutes of rotation of PD rats was decreased in the L-dopa plus PSD-95 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide group on the 25th d, as compared with those in the L-dopa plus physiological saline water group and L-dopa plus TE group (P＜0.05). In the lesioned striatum of PD rats, the abundance of PSD-95 Mrna and protein expressions were statistically and evidently reduced as compared with those in the control group (P＜0.05). After chronic treatment of PD rats with L-dopa, the abundance of PSD-95mRNA and protein expressions were statistically and evidently increased as compared with that in the PD group (P＜0.05). Pretreatment with PSD-95 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide statistically and obviously reduced the abundance of PSD-95 protein expression as compared with pretreatment with chronic L-dopa (P＜0.05). Conclusion PSD-95 may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of motor complications of rats with PD receiving chronic L-dopa treatment.

Objective To investigate the influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on heparin release of heparinloaded polycaprolactone/polyethylene glycol (PCL/PEG) membranes used in artificial vascular peosthesis.Methods Heparin-loaded PCL/PEG membrane samples with different PEG mass contents of 0,0.5％,10％ and 15％ were prepared by blending method and freeze-drying technology.The influence of PEG on heparin release was experimental studied in vitro.The influence of PEG on the structural characteristics of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectrum and differential scanning calorimeter.Results The addition of PEG reduced the heparin release resistance.The results showed that the average release rate of heparin in the first day and the release amount for 34 d were improved.Both these parameters increased with the increase of PEG mass content.The X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the crystallinity of PCL membrane was slightly enhanced by the addition of heparin,but the overall effect was not significant.In addition,the addition of heparin could promote the crystalline grain growth of PEG,and a common distribution of heparin and PEG in the matrix was observed.Conclusions The heparin release control can be achieved by adjusting the PEG mass content in heparin-loading PCL/PEG membranes prepared by blending method and freeze-drying technology.The proposed samples may have anticoagulant effect,which can be expected to be used as small-diameter artificial vascular prosthesis material.