Objectieve:In order to get the photoacoustic (PA) image of micro-blood vessel deep inside biological tissue.Materials and Methods:A 532nm pulse laser with the repetition rate of 10Hz was used as the pumping source.A wide band unfocused needle ultrasound transducer was used to collect time-domain PA signal of the tissue-mimicking phantom by circular scan.The 2D optical absorption image was reconstructed by time-domain spherical back projection algorithm.The spatial resolution was measured by line-spread-function(LSF).Results:The experimental results demonstrated that the spatial resolution was 0.1 mm and the PA image of the micro-vascular network agreed well with the tissue-mimicking phantom.Conclusion:The proposed method is valuable for the diagnosis of early cancer inside tissue.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the quality of the package inserts of oral chemical drugs to lay a foundation for the further standardization of drug package inserts.METHODS:180 package inserts of oral chemical drugs current on market were selected and subjected to inspection in accordance with the Regulatory Guidelines for the Package Inserts of Drugs announced by SFDA as well as other related references to find out the problems existing in the package inserts,and a statistical analysis was conducted on the typical problems.RESULTS:Among the 180 package inserts,109(60.56%)had problems(totaled 167 defects)predominantly in drug name,storage,usage and dosage.CONCLUSION:It is urgent to improve the quality of the package inserts.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the bacterial distribution of secretions in post-traumatic cases with bone infections and summarize the drug treatments in practice, thus to provide reference for treatment of bone infections. METHODS: The clinical data of traumatic patients with positive secretion cultures were collected from January to October in 2012. RESULTS: Eighty-one cases of positive secretion cultures were selected, of whom 57 (70.37%) patients had single bacteria infection, 24 (29.62%) cases had mixed infections. Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa were common pathogens. All the patients underwent surgical treatment and intravenous antibiotic therapy during hospitalization. Nineteen cases were implanted with antibiotic bone cement and 2 cases received local lavation. CONCLUSION: Post-traumatic bone infections are mostly caused by single bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Topical antibiotic bone cement treatment has become an effective treatment for bone infections.

Infection is one of the most familiar complications in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Although vaccination is an effectual measure in prevention of secondary infections, it still faces many problems.On the one hand, children′s own immune status (immune system dysfunction, administration with immunosuppressants, etc.) lends additional uncertainties to whether the immune system can produce sufficient protective antibodies after vaccination.On the other hand, potential risks (recurrence of nephrotic syndrome and induction of vaccine related diseases) need to be comprehensively assessed at the time of vaccination.In this paper, the safety, effectiveness and timing of va-ccination in children with nephrotic syndrome in the post-COVID-19 period were summarized, and possible problems of vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) were discussed.

Objective To investigate the effects of intrathecal different doses of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride in spinal block by ropivacaine hydrochloride . Methods Forty lower limb surgery scheduled for elective under spinal anesthesia, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20 each): the control and the treatment groups.The control and the treatment group were intrathecally injected with 4,12 μg dexmedetomidine hydrochloride respectively.The 0.75% ropivacaine hydrochloride 1.5 mL was injected for spinal anesthesia.SBP,DBP,HR,SpO2 and Ramsay Sedation Score were recorded before the spinal anesthesia conduct and thereafter every five minutes. And the onset and duration of block were recorded,adverse reaction like nausea, vomiting and respiratory depression were also observed. Results Compared with the control group,the onset of sensory block was shorter [(6.9±2.6) min vs (8.7±2.9) min] (P<0.05),and the duration of sensory and motor block was longer in the treatment group[(130.8±30.1) min vs (115.9±23.9) min] (P<0.05) and [(145.9±29.0) min vs (130.0±30.1) min] (P<0.05). Conclusion Intrathecal dexmedetomidine hydrochloride at 12 μg improves anesthesia via shortening the sensory block onset and prolonging sensory and motor block,which maintains hemodynamically stable,and does not generate adverse reactions as nausea,vomiting,bradycardia and respiratory depression.

The quality management of drug research,development,registration,production and marketing strengthened by good practice for pharmaceuticals ensure the drag safety,effectiveness and quality control.Teaching of new drug research and evaluation in compliance with good practice for pharmaceuticals will be of value in making teaching content close to actual work,extending the students'knowledge and training student's good habits in scientific study.

The optimum conditions for the processing of Sparganium stoloniferum Buch-Ham. withvinegar were studied by L9(3)4 orthogonal experimental design, as guided by decrease of writhing rate inanalgesic test and anticoagulant activity. The results showed that the best processing conditions were stirfrying of the raw S. stoloniferum with the addition of 25 kg of vinegar per 100 kg of crude drug at 130℃for 10 min.

Objective To study the curative effect of ischemic necrosis of femoral head by interventional thrombolysis.Methods By applying Seldinger's technique,the catheter was guided via arteria femoralis with super-selection into circumflexa femoris medialis,lataralis,and acetabuli to performed the interventional thrombolysis in 50 cases(60sides)with necrosis of femoral head.Results All patients were followed-up for 6~48 months,combined with angiography,the clinical symptoms and the change of bone.The curative effect was evaluated.The ratio of excellent and better effect was 91.4%,the ratio of the improvement of angiography was 87%.the angiography showed that after treatment,the supply artery of femoral head was increased in number;the stained area of femoral head was extended,the capillaries were incereased and the reflux of vein was remarkably improved.The ratio of the improvement of clinical symptom was 96.6%.90% of the necrotic area of femoral head showed hyperplasia,sclerosis,and reduction of cystic changes.Conclusion The interventional therapy by leading to target vascular with thrombolysis in treating necrosis of femoral head has remarkable therapeutic effect.

[Objective]To investigate the application of thoracolumbar injury classification and severity thoracolumbar injuty chassification and severityscdre(TLICS)score in spinal fracture caused by earthquake.[Method]Night-five patients with spinal fractures were treated in Chendu Army General Hospital and Chendu Air Force Hosptial by Wenchuan earthquake medical team from Chinese PLA General Hospital.There were 49 males and 46 females with mean age of 48.6 years.The general patient data,injury mechanism,and injury time were recorded.The different treatments were decided by the TLICS score.[Result]There were 107 vertebral fractures in the 95 patients,out of whom 76 patients were injured by building collapsed,and the other 19 by falling from buildings.TLICS score was more than 4 in 36 patients,4 points in 15 patients,less than 4 points in 44 patients.40 patients were treated with open operation,15 patients with vertebraplasty,and the other patients with conservative treatment.[Conclusion]The earthquake spinal fractures can be treated with different treatments based on the different TLICS scores.

Objective To studytherelationshipbetweenhypercortisolismand psychosis. Methods According to pathologic diagnosis, 133 cases of hypercortisolism were dividedinto adrenal lesion group, pituitary adenoma group and ectopic ACTH tumor group, and the relationship between hypercortisolism and psychosis was analyzed. Results (1) There were significant differences between groups regarding cortisol levels and the amplitude of fluctuation. (2) Depression and mania were the main manifestations of psychosis in the patients, and 79.7% of the patients showed symptoms of depression. (3) In ectopic ACTH tumor group, the level and the increased amplitude of 24 h urinary free cortisol were significantly higher than those in the other two groups, all the patients had severe depression, and the rate of suicide tendence (58.3%) was significantly higher than the other two groups. Conclusions (1) Psychosis has a close relationship with hypercortisolism,especially with the marked fluctuation in cortisol level. (2) Sufficient attention should be paid to this relationship, which will improve the diagnosisand treatment of hypercortisolism.